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Tag: "transcripts" at biology news

A new mechanism of regulating RNA degradation

...results suggest that SMD activity affects numerous transcripts and, therefore, is a novel mechanism of gene regulation. "We don't yet understand how SMD is regulated but it must be," said Maquat. "Both Upf1 and Staufen1 can be phosphorylated, so their activities could be regulated by cell signaling pathways, su...

FDA Approves Human Hookworm Vaccine for Phase I Safety Trials

...results suggest that SMD activity affects numerous transcripts and, therefore, is a novel mechanism of gene regulation. "We don't yet understand how SMD is regulated but it must be," said Maquat. "Both Upf1 and Staufen1 can be phosphorylated, so their activities could be regulated by cell signaling pathways, su...

Novel Enzyme Shows Potential As An Anti-HIV Target

...regulator of HIV gene expression. Without Tat, HIV transcripts don’t reach full length and can’t effect viral rep...-loop?structure that forms at one end of all viral transcripts called the trans-acting responsive element (TAR). Tat binding to TAR requires recruiting the enzyme ...

New Study from Affymetrix Laboratories Points to Changing View of How Genome Works

... are the functions of these previously unannotated transcripts and what are the regulation schemes that orchestra...While the team validated many known protein-coding transcripts that contribute to this complex pool, they also discovered that: Seventy-five percent of all of th...

Researchers find missing genes of ancient organism

...rons, are sequences that are cut out of whole gene transcripts during the process of tRNA maturation. The known tRNA introns in organisms like yeast, however, appear to have no function. Therefore, modern tRNA introns might be remnants of an old essential process of tRNA biosynthesis. "These results may point t...

Scientists reveal molecular secrets of the malaria parasite

...e mosquito. Severalgenes were identified for which transcripts were detected in the sexualstage but with protein ...e mosquito stage,indicating delayed translation of transcripts from these genes.Hall says that gene-regulation motif "is particularly interestingbecause these prot...

Researchers rein in regulatory RNAs

...nome-wide experimental analyses of sense-antisense transcripts to date. Their findings are published in the April...n of several SAT pairs, Abe's group found that the transcripts shared several striking characteristics. Northern blot hybridization analyses of six randomly chosen...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

... as microRNA and their relationship to the genetic transcripts known as messenger RNA (mRNA). All genes expresse...ted into proteins, and the stability of these mRNA transcripts is essential for control of genetic expression. In the latest issue of the journal Cell, the Scripp...

Cellular Defects in Premature Aging Disease are Reversible

...that after four days almost all the mutant lamin A transcripts had been eliminated and replaced with the properly spliced counterpart. The oligonucleotide was highly specific to the mutated region and did not cover-up other splicing locations. One week after correcting the splicing defect, the mutant lamin A pro...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

...ne can go backwards and make DNA copies of all RNA transcripts in the mutant bacterial cultures of interest. With this clever trick, one can get DNA that can bind to the DNA already on the microarray, and the concentrations accurately reflect gene expression. In Kao's experiment, DNA copies of RNA from cultures...

NYU, Rockefeller researchers find complexity of regulation by microRNA genes

...ne regulates, on average, 200 different human gene transcripts and that many microRNAs can coordinate their activities to regulate specific target genes. The paper contains detailed genome-wide predictions for all human microRNAs as well as tissue-specific predictions. Several predictions were validated experime...

Carnegie Mellon University research reveals how cells process large genes

...rsive splicing prevents the generation of long RNA transcripts that could form structures that interfere with correct processing into mRNA. Another is that recursive splicing might help stimulate transcription through long introns by promoting interactions between the splicing and transcription machineries. We a...

Reversal of role for a viral protein associated with the development of lymphoma

...rsive splicing prevents the generation of long RNA transcripts that could form structures that interfere with correct processing into mRNA. Another is that recursive splicing might help stimulate transcription through long introns by promoting interactions between the splicing and transcription machineries. We a...

Mammalian Transcriptome Mapped

... as it is sometimes called, is the totality of RNA transcripts produced from DNA, by the cell in any tissue at an...nucleotide" bases in humans and other mammals, RNA transcripts may be anywhere from a few dozen to several thousand nucleotides. Or, to describe the difference in ...

Mouse genome much more complex than expected

... since then to isolate and analyse the entire mRNA transcripts in the mouse. Their most astonishing finding is that more than 60 per cent of all mRNAs are not protein blueprints at all. 'We don't know what the function of these RNAs is,' the Bonn neurobiologist Professor Andreas Zimmer admits. However, they seem...

Where 'jumping genes' fear to tread

...represent regions of regulatory information or RNA transcripts that cannot be disrupted. However, it's difficult to explain mechanistically the requirement of 10 or more kilobases of uninterrupted sequence in terms of the current paradigms of transcriptional regulation," explains Mattick. "It appears that TFRs...

miRNA-mediated silencing of mRNAs

...rgonaute-1 protein in the miRNA pathway, targeting transcripts for decay via a deadenylation and decapping reaction. The question of whether miRNAs silence gene expression without affecting mRNA levels has been controversial, and conflicting results have been reported in the literature. Dr. Izaurralde explains ...

How many genes does it take to learn? Lessons from sea slugs

...have assembled a tremendous amount of data on gene transcripts associated with neuronal signaling pathways in Aplysia that sheds new light on evolutionary relationships of this very ancient and highly successful marine animal," said Dennis Steindler, Ph.D., executive director of UF's McKnight Brain Institute, wh...

Scientists discover role for dueling RNAs

...genomes by measuring the sense RNA, with antisense transcripts thought to have no meaning at all," says Fink. "He...n fact, considering how widespread these antisense transcripts are, I wouldn't be surprised if these findings eventually lead us to discover an entirely new level ...

RNA map provides first comprehensive understanding of alternative splicing

...Jernej Ule and Giovanni Stefani, took these 50 RNA transcripts and searched them for clusters of sequences they h...whether it could predict how Nova would act on RNA transcripts that had yet to be discovered. They took a bioinformatics approach, using a database of all alternat...

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