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Tag: "tract" at biology news

Researchers find 24 species believed new to science in Suriname rainforest

...opical rainforest on the planet, a northern Amazon tract three times larger than the U.S. state of Texas (twice the size of Ethiopia) that is home to 100 indigenous groups. In Suriname, the only former Dutch colony in South America, the forests are at risk from foreign logging and other resource extraction...

Understanding why C. difficile causes disease -- it's hungry

...nign bacteria that normally inhabit the intestinal tract are reduced such as when people take antibiotics or other antimicrobial drugs. Then, C. difficile can cause symptoms ranging from diarrhea to life-threatening inflammations of the colon. In 2002 a new, more virulent strain began appearing in hospi...

UQ research heralds vaccine technology breakthrough

...ad to severe and lifethreatening lower respiratory tract infection or bronchiolitis. About one in 1000 die from the illness. However, the vaccine that is being developed is expected to treat the illness in infected people as well as prevent against it. Those most at risk from RSV are children aged two ...

Changes in amino acids in the 1918 influenza virus cut transmission

...which are highly abundant in the upper respiratory tract of humans. For an avian virus to be able to jump t...esence of alpha2-6 sialic acids in the respiratory tract of ferrets, similar to the human scenario. Groups of ferrets were infected with three types of influ...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

...r. However, SMase, secreted by certain respiratory tract bacteria, breaks down lipids surrounding CFTR and thereby suppresses CFTR’s chloride-passing function. To make matters worse, the products of the lipid breakdown are also known to trigger inflammation and cell death. Together, these facts compell...

Researchers discover new details about HIV-1 entry and infection

...ssion and local spread in the female lower genital tract is key to prevent infection and ultimately to ease...nisms by which HIV-1 enters the lower reproductive tract of human females. The researchers separated and removed the outer lining of vaginal cells, which ser...

Scientists perform 'tricky' operation

Trichomonas vaginalis colonises the urogenital tract and causes the infection also known as "trick", the most common non-viral STI. University of Queensland PhD scholar Rebecca Dunne was one of a team of 65 scientists that worked on the project to sequence the genome, which could offer clues to better...

Susceptibility to Crohn's disease -- an important new clue

... relapsing inflammatory disorder of the intestinal tract that affects an estimated 0.15% of people in the developed world. Common symptoms include abdominal pain and diarrhea, but the disorder is often associated with debilitating clinical complications. Researchers from the University of Liège, Belgium, h...

A healthier start to a pig's life

...fic period before weaning stimulates the digestive tract to reach maturity faster. This helps it to change ...od, which will stimulate maturing of the digestive tract without causing any digestive problems." The idea for the Suilektin® product originated in Lund U...

Anti-herpes treatment reduces HIV levels in women infected with both viruses

...requency and quantity of HIV in the female genital tract are closely related to the transmission of the virus. The findings will need to be confirmed by further research, and there is already a large ongoing trial that is measuring direct transmission of HIV between discordant couples in several sites w...

Coated nanoparticles solve sticky drug-delivery problem

... of the body, including the lungs, eyes, digestive tract and female reproductive system. Because of these b... treatment directly to the lungs, gastrointestinal tract and cervicovaginal tract. ...

NASA satellite data helps assess the health of Florida's coral reef

... common and severe," said Moses. "The Florida reef tract is considered by some to be a modest success story as many of the corals persist despite the many stressors including impacts from human coastal development and recreation." Coral is a rocklike deposit of skeletons from marine animals that accumula...

New study finds chocolate chip cookies lower cholesterol

... fat and bile, carrying them through the digestive tract and out of the body in the stool. The plant sterols lower blood cholesterol by blocking cholesterol absorption from food during digestion. Psyllium is an excellent source of soluble fiber and when consumed regularly, it has a positive effect in the...

Hair-growth drug artificially lowers PSA levels in prostate cancer screening, study finds

...H can lead to the inability to urinate and urinary tract infection. In 1997 the FDA approved finasteride for the treatment of male-pattern baldness. While Propecia is administered at 1 milligram per day, patients who take the finasteride drug Proscar for BPH get a five times higher dosage, 5 mg per day....

Early HIV treatment fails to restore memory T cells

...level of immune activation in the gastrointestinal tract remained elevated despite treatment. The finding that intestinal immune cells do not return to normal in most people with HIV despite years of treatment raises the concern that clinical problems will result over time. Fortunately, this does not ap...

HIV-1 kills immune cells in the gut that may never bounce back

...cous membrane of a patient's gastrointestinal (GI) tract can lose up to 60 percent of its CD4 memory T cell...lls rebounded to normal levels, a subset of the GI tract population remained depleted in 70 percent of their subjects. "If we sample the blood, it only h...

'GreeneChip' -- New diagnostic tool that rapidly and accurately identifies multiple pathogens

...ease, hemorrhagic fever, tuberculosis, and urinary tract infections. In all cases, GreeneChip analysis detected an agent that was consistent with the diagnosis obtained by more traditional and slower methods, such as culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, the GreeneChip was used in th...

MIT material stops bleeding in seconds

...estore sight in hamsters that had had their visual tract severed. In that case, the self-assembling peptides served as an internal matrix on which brain cells could regrow. While experimenting with the liquid during brain surgery, the researchers discovered that some of the peptides could also stop bleed...

Squid-inspired design could mean better handling of underwater vehicles

...ules that could travel through the human digestive tract to diagnose and treat diseases and disperse medications. To date, Mohseni and his collaborators in the CU-Boulder aerospace engineering department have designed and tested three separate unmanned underwater vehicles. With the latest model, the t...

Male circumcision reduces HIV risk, study stopped early

...cumcision, including better hygiene, fewer urinary tract infections, and less risk of cervical cancer in the partners of circumcised men." The armamentarium of HIV prevention strategies is very small, according to Bailey. The only other strategy proven effective is the use of antiretroviral drugs to re...

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