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Tag: "traces" at biology news

Cellular message movement captured on video

...s’ outer membrane along green-fluorescence-labeled traces of cytoskeleton. Even without video evidence, scientists have confirmed over the past 10 years that higher organisms use paxillin as a transmitter of locomotion and gene-expression signals from several classes of growth-factor receptors to the nucleu...

Plastic that grows on trees

...nearly 90 percent from fructose while leaving only traces of acid impurities. To achieve this, they experimented with a novel non-acidic catalytic system containing metal chloride catalysts in a solvent capable of dissolving cellulose. The solvent, called an ionic liquid, enabled the metal chlorides to c...

Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic

... old-world monkeys 4 million years ago but left no traces of having infected humans. Our theory is that this is because humans had this innate viral defense system," Emerman said. To test their hypothesis, Emerman and co-authors Harmit Singh Malik, Ph.D., an evolutionary biologist and an assistant member ...

Anthrax paralyzes immune cells with lethal toxin, UF research shows

... normally seek and destroy invading bacteria. Just traces of the toxin can slow movement of these cells, called neutrophils, by 50 percent, UF researchers discovered. "Neutrophils have to get to the infection to kill anything. If you paralyze them so they don't move, they can't protect you," said Fred So...

A new portable biosensor detects traces of contaminants in food more quickly and cheaply

... and commercial orange juice, as well as to detect traces of antibiotics in cow's milk. The agricultural u...y has established upper limits for the presence of traces of pesticides and antibiotics in food, but the control of these limits is carried out in laboratorie...

'Ancestral eve' was mother of all tooth decay

...second branch, extending from Asia back to Europe, traces the migration of a small group of Asians who founded at least one group of modern-day Caucasians." Additional branches, tracing the coevolution of humans and bacteria from Asia into North and South America, will be drawn in the next phase of Cauf...

Fake pesticides threaten food safety

... 2002 study of supermarket produce in the UK found traces of eight illegal and potentially dangerous compounds. 'Generally, speaking, it would be wrong to blame farmers [for buying the products] as in many cases they firmly believe they are buying legitimate products. We've had cases where only after far...

Sports cheats beware -- new test detects previously undetectable drug

...method that can specifically search for the minute traces of synacthen in a blood sample. Called immunological purification, this technique can find any synacthen molecules even though its concentration is 10,000,000 less than other proteins in blood plasma. There are severe penalties for any person caug...

Tuberculosis: The bacillus takes refuge in adipose cells

...pose cells in humans. They did this by testing for traces of the genetic structure of the bacillus in samples from people considered not to be infected. Analyses were carried out on samples from deceased subjects from Mexico, where tuberculosis is endemic, and from Parisian districts reporting very few case...

How ancient whales lost their legs, got sleek and conquered the oceans

... showed why Sonic hedgehog became inactive and all traces of hind limbs vanished at the end of this stage of whale evolution, said Cohn. A gene called Hand2, which normally functions as a switch to turn on Sonic hedgehog, was shown to be inactive in the hind limb buds of dolphins. Without it, limb developme...

Ritalin packs punch by elevating norepinephrine, suppressing nerve signal transmissions

...uestion that intrigues researchers is whether ADHD traces back to the same area of the brain as attention deficit disorder, a similar condition but one in which hyperactivity isn't a symptom. They also want to know whether Ritalin has any toxic or long-lasting effects, not only for ADHD patients, but also ...

Ancient fossil DNA found preserved in crystal

... sodium hypochlorite ?a substance that removes all traces of organic matter ?the clusters of crystals remain intact and the organic material embedded in them is unaffected. Now, almost 20 years later, Weiner and Salamon have returned to these findings, reasoning that fossil bones might possess such crystal ...

Chemical warfare agent detection technology used to treat lung disease

...re currently deployed in airports to detect minute traces of explosives or drugs. The microDMx sensor is able to identify molecules that may be the cause of lung diseases such as cancer, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease caused by smoking. Dr Paul Thomas from the University's School of Chemi...

Team led by Carnegie Mellon University scientist finds first evidence of a living memory trace

...rnegie Mellon University. Capturing these memory traces could ultimately provide a completely new way to u... our study may reveal previously overlooked memory traces in many other neural systems," said C. Giovanni Galizia, Galán's primary collaborator, who is now a ...

Newly discovered birdlike dinosaur is oldest raptor ever found in South America

...osaurus from China, both of which preserve amazing traces of bird-like plumage.) This distribution led scientists to believe that dromaeosaurs originated in Laurasia after it drifted apart from Gondwana. In the last few years, however, a handful of specimens of possible dromaeosaurs or early birds have be...

Once-dreaded leprosy 'replaced' by tuberculosis, say researchers

...urope. In these examinations, the scientists found traces of both leprosy and tuberculosis bacteria in 42 percent of the cases. The findings on the relationship between leprosy and tuberculosis were reported in a recent edition of the British Royal Society Proceedings B by Dr. Mark Spigelman, a visiting pr...

Discarded placentas deliver researchers promising cells similar to embryonic stem cells

...onic stem cell lines require a bed of mouse cells, traces of which can end up in each new generation of stem cells. Amniotic epithelial cells, on the other hand, create their own feeder layer, with some cells choosing to spread out at the bottom of the culture dish thereby giving those cells just above them...

Genetically modified maize not found in southern Mexico

... in maize seeds. The researchers were looking for traces of two key transgenes ?one or both of which are found in all GM maize crops. Test results showed no evidence of the presence of either transgene from any of the seeds. "We now know that transgenic maize isn't growing in Oaxaca ," Snow said. "Mexican...

Study charts origins of fear

...hen studied the mice's brain slices and discovered traces of NR2B in the pre-frontal cortex, supporting their theory that fear memory develops in that region. "By identifying NR2B in the pre-frontal cortex of the brain, we propose that fear memory originates from a network of receptors, rather than one sim...

Study casts doubt on 'Snowball Earth' theory

..."Geologists don't necessarily think of looking for traces of microbes left in the rocks. This is the first direct look at the ecosystem during this time period," said Olcott, who credited USC's geobiology program, one of a handful in the country, with influencing her thinking. "They really try to synthesiz...

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