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Tag: "traced" at biology news

Supersized 'island' of resistance genes discovered in an infectious bacterium

...NA from other bacteria," Claverie said. The study traced the origin of many resistance genes to other bacteria, including Salmonella, indicating frequent genetic swapping between bacteria. Resistance genes are usually located on small auxiliary circles of DNA called plasmids that can be exchanged with oth...

Hantavirus found in African wood mouse

...alled "Four Corners Disease," the malady was later traced to a previously unknown hantavirus carried by the deer mouse. The team has suggested calling the virus they found the Sangassou virus, for the region in which it was found. This follows tradition; in 1976, the first hantavirus was found near--and n...

Marine mammals are on the frontline of failing ocean health

...r investigation would lead her upstream. Her team traced the cause of death to the brain parasite, Toxoplasma, and ultimately to cats. "Before I started this project I didn't think about things like how much cat feces gets in to the environment - how what we dump on our lawns and sidewalks flows into st...

Depression model leaves mice with molecular scar

...t changes the BDNF gene's internal machinery. They traced the gene expression changes to long-lasting modifications in histones, proteins that regulate the turning on-and-off of genes via a process called methylation. Methyl groups, the silencer molecules, attach themselves to the histones, turning off the ...

Lateral thinking produces first map of gene transmission

...anisms that aren't directly related. The map has traced the paths of lateral gene transfer, from the bacteria that donated the genes to the ones that received them. Their results clearly show genetic modification of organisms by lateral transfer is a widespread natural phenomenon, and it can occur even ...

Finding rewrites the evolutionary history of the origin of potatoes

... shows that in fact all cultivated potatoes can be traced back to a single origin in southern Peru." The earliest archaeological evidence suggests that potatoes were domesticated from wild relatives by indigenous agriculturalists more than 7,000 years ago, says Spooner. Today, the potato - an internationa...

How Fruitflies Know It's Time for Lunch

... Scientists studying the fruitfly Drosophila have traced the path of olfactory signals beginning with chemical receptors in the mouth, which set off neurons that signal the antennal lobe of the central nervous system. From here, the electrical stimulation zooms toward the so-called mushroom body, a mushroo...

Same-sex mating by fungi spawned infection outbreak, evidence suggests

... samples collected from around the world, the team traced the rarer type to identical isolates in Australia. The major form matched a sample taken from an infected person in Seattle 30 years ago and another collected from a Eucalyptus tree in San Francisco in 1992. What's more, the Canadian strains shared ...

Machinery of the 'marijuana munchies'

...ncy to stimulate hunger. And while scientists have traced this property to cannabinoid receptors in the brain, they have had little understanding of the neural circuitry underlying this effect. Understanding this circuitry has important practical implications because blocking the cannabinoid receptor, CB1,...

FSU biologists describe key role of signal-transcribing gene during cell cycle

... genes Notch and Cut," said Deng. The researchers traced the journey of transmissions originating from Notch ?? which carries information gleaned from other cells ?? following the signals down the Notch pathway as Cut linked them to the control of cell proliferation in the egg chambers, which they observed...

Newly discovered birdlike dinosaur is oldest raptor ever found in South America

...ing during the Cretaceous, dromaeosaurs can now be traced back to the Jurassic, possibly as far back as 180 million years ago. Meanwhile, the new dinosaur's birdlike features--its huge, hollow wishbone; long, winglike forelimbs; and bird-like pelvis--provide more evidence linking dinosaurs to birds. Buitr...

Wolves' top-down effect

...ompletely extirpated. In addition, the researchers traced elk deaths in the high-wolf area to wolves, which also supports the major role wolves have in this trophic cascade. "Our study findings strongly bolster the use of conservation and restoration strategies which are based on the key role of large pred...

Smoking damages key regulatory enzyme in the lung

...ral Organs in Nonsmokers and Smokers," researchers traced the MAO A subtype in nine smokers and nine nonsmokers, discovering that MAO A was fairly well "intact" in all of the peripheral organs except in smokers' lungs, said Fowler. Smokers had MAO A levels that were 50 percent lower than in nonsmokers, she ...

Infectious disease expert warns of spread of Rocky Mountain spotted fever

...Arizona as the first confirmed cases that could be traced back to ticks carried into to the state on feral dogs, an animal group whose population has markedly increased. And, as the number of dogs has increased, so have the number of ticks. A detailed study of this latest outbreak by the United States Cente...

Did humans cause ecosystem collapse in ancient Australia?

...curred 45,000 to 55,000 years ago. The researchers traced evidence of diet and the environment contained in ancient eggshells and wombat teeth over the last 140,000 years to reconstruct what happened. The remains showed evidence of a rapid change of diet at the time of the extinctions. The researchers belie...

Study charts origins of fear

..., the researchers activated the NMDA receptors and traced a subunit of the molecule - a protein called NR2B - long believed to be associated with fear memory in the hippocampus and the amygdala, an almond-shaped structure in front of the hippocampus. To further test the protein's influence, researchers redu...

Rodent social behavior encoded in junk DNA

...er for Research Resources (NCRR). The researchers traced social behavior traits, such as monogamy, to seeming glitches in DNA that determines when and where a gene turns on. The length of these repeating sequences ?once dismissed as mere junk DNA ?in the gene that codes for a key hormone receptor determine...

Penguin chicks exposed to human visitors experience spike in stress hormone

...ological changes that happen to adults can only be traced back to stressful situations or elevated corticosterone levels when they were young." ...

Where Bacteria Get Their Genes

...s' work shows that bacterial lineages can still be traced by considering only the "traditional" forms of genetic inheritance. The widespread exchange of genes does not blur the line of descent because the acquired genes get lost from the genome at a later point or, if they do persist, the bacteria then tran...

Where bacteria get their genes

...s' work shows that bacterial lineages can still be traced by considering only the "traditional" forms of genetic inheritance. The widespread exchange of genes does not blur the line of descent because the acquired genes get lost from the genome at a later point or, if they do persist, the bacteria then tran...

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