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Tag: "toxins" at biology news

UCSD study finds anthrax toxins also harmful to fruit flies

Deadly and damaging toxins that allow anthrax to cause disease and death in m...cal effects of anthrax toxins. Learning how these toxins attack developing and adult tissues is important because it can help scientists understand how they ...

HIV accessory protein disables host immunity via receptor-protein intermediary

...r cells were immune to sepsis (pathogens and their toxins in the blood), because the NF-kB molecules did not...attacks PARP-1 activity, so the mice are immune to toxins created by pathogens ?one indication that their immune surveillance has been compromised. Using b...

Marine mammals are on the frontline of failing ocean health

...ooms are on the rise, and many are associated with toxins and bacteria that are harmful to humans. "We need to figure out what is causing this increase," says Bossart. "It's in our own best interest." Mammals Are What They Eat Land-based pollutants are so prevalent in the ocean that scientists are usi...

Red Tide causes sea turtle die-off in El Salvador

...a in early February. In El Salvador, the levels of toxins in shellfish have decreased but are high enough to maintain the ban on harvesting shellfish. Red Tide events have become increasingly common around the world, causing significant impacts on wild marine animal populations, massive economic losses to...

Anthrax inhibitor counteracts toxin, may lead to new therapeutics

...rch on possible therapeutics and vaccines to treat toxins that could be used as biological weapons. The current treatment for anthrax exposure is antibiotics, but inhalation anthrax still has a fatality rate of 75 percent even after antibiotics are given, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Pre...

Gene patterns in white blood cells quickly diagnose disease

...different pathogens (including BTAs) and bacterial toxins and confirmed their results in animal models. "We see very specific changes in gene expression that are quite unique to each pathogen as little as 2 hours after exposure. Use of mathematical modeling tools has identified a list of over 300 genes th...

Botox could help target resistant tumors for treatment

...vessels, with smooth muscle layers that respond to toxins like Botulinun, inside tumors. Several laboratories, including ours, are working on new strategies to alleviate tumor hypoxia, which sensitizes the tumor to treatment. Botox appears to offer the advantage of selectivity, absence of toxicity and persi...

Less is more, gene study shows

...ity to taste bitterness is important for detecting toxins in food, and most of those toxins are in plants. About 1 to 2 million years ago, we started eating more meat rather than plants, and a...

Scientists reveal how deadly toxin hijacks cells

...t of biological warfare and one of the most lethal toxins known to man - is able to sneak into cells. The ...g anti-toxin reagents which may block the entry of toxins into cells." The botulinum toxins, of which there are seven types, are made by a bacterium commonly...

Two NIH initiatives launch intensive efforts to find roots of common diseases

...easures that identify prior exposures to potential toxins such as metals and solvents. NIH also will assess disease indicators like inflammation and oxidative stress that are known to be influenced by environmental toxins. The National Center for Biotechnology Information, a part of the National Library o...

Unraveling the mysteries of poison

...s procedures to uncover how potassium channels and toxins combine and change in structure. This work could m... ions through. Poisonous animals use very specific toxins to target channels; the toxins block the channels and make it impossible for electric signals to mov...

Most human-chimp differences due to gene regulation ?not genes

...trients as well as the need to process the natural toxins found in plant and animal foods." This is just the first of a series of similar studies, said Gilad, that will look at changes in gene expression over evolutionary time. The next steps are to look at larger arrays of genes and to focus on other tiss...

Evolution mystery: Spider venom and bacteria share same toxin

...ns. Evidence for common ancestry (homology) of the toxins had previously been noted, but this uniquely shared structural bit is best explained by these toxins being more closely related to each other than they are to any other known protein. "That one struc...

'Biobullets' fight harmful mussels

...trial damage. The new microcapsules, which contain toxins that dissolve within a zebra mussel's digestive tract, offer a safe and cost-effective way of eliminating one of the world's "most important economic pests" without harming other aquatic life, according to scientists at the University of Cambridge. ...

Stanford snake venom study shows that certain cells may eliminate poison

...misery is produced by a veritable witches' brew of toxins in snake venom. It's long been thought that the ...n a molecule called endothelin-1, one of the major toxins produced by the body during bacterial peritonitis or sepsis (bacterial infection in the blood). In...

Survival of the selfless - scientists find cheats don't always prosper

...established that this is because cheats accumulate toxins as a direct result of taking in resources more quickly than they can digest them, which limits the level of energy they derive from the sugar. This enables the cooperators to hold their own, meaning that the two different strains could coexist over t...

Bt cotton in China fails to reap profit after seven years

...serted into the seeds to produce toxins. But these toxins are lethal only to leaf-eating bollworms. After seven years, populations of other insects - such as mirids - have increased so much that farmers are now having to spray their crops up to 20 times a growing season to control them, according to the stu...

Protein clue to tailor-made antibiotics

...teria have evolved to kill each other with protein toxins might offer ways of constructing new, tailor-made antibiotics that target particular microorganisms." Researchers are now trying to establish what it is about this blocking mechanism (which they've christened 'competitive recruitment') that lowers ...

BGSU biologist trying to crack microscopic code

...t the harsh elements of their environment, whether toxins in nature or the protective antibodies of an infected host. Specific proteins interact to support this shield, and knowing how they communicate would provide a key to disabling it, Larsen says. Once communication questions are answered, a goal is t...

Novel therapy combinations gain ground in treating hepatitis

...used by a virus, but can also result from alcohol, toxins or drugs. "Despite the significant number of people suffering from hepatitis, treatment options have been lagging in comparison to other major diseases," said John Vierling, M.D., FACP, president, the American Association for the Study of Liver Dis...

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