Female guppies risk their lives to avoid too much male attention
...pular aquarium fish, may risk their lives to avoid too much attention from males. Observing wild populati...bright coloring also attracts predators, making it too dangerous for them to follow. "Understanding why and how [sexual segregation] occurs is essential ...Leptin found to control appetite and limb development in frogs
...ir survival, Denver said. If tadpoles metamorphose too soon they are at a body size disadvantage with little fat reserves. They pay the cost of immediate survival by being more prone to drying out, to being eaten by predators and reaching sexual maturity at a later age. Denver speculates that leptin is p...Compound in dairy products targets diabetes
...d" fats, with the average American diet containing too much of the "bad" fats. CLA, whose effect is very similar to fish oil, a source of "good" fat, could prove beneficial against Type-2 diabetes. "And compared to the synthetic drugs used to treated this disease, CLA does not cause weight gain and m...Snakes' virtual glasses, leopard spots and all-optical transistors
...ll-optical devices built in the past have been far too large and power hungry to be practical. Physicists at the Queen's University in Belfast appear to have solved the problems with a prototype optical amplifier that is both small and low power. The key to the device is a layer of gold film pierced by a...Global warming may have damaged coral reefs forever
...likelihood of recovery. "Unfortunately it may be too late to save many of these reefs but this research shows the importance of countries tackling greenhouse gas emissions and trying to reduce global warming and its effect on some of the world's finest and most diverse wildlife." ...Acidity in the brain could hold the key to stroke treatment
...ues often only enable one to see damage once it is too late to intervene." NMR will be used to measure the rate at which hydrogen ions are exchanged between water and proteins in the brain. Acidity causes this rate to increase, changing the NMR signal of water. ...New flood-tolerant rice offers relief for world's poorest farmers
...ost rice varieties will die if fully submerged for too long.When the plant is covered with water, its oxygen and carbon dioxidesupplies are reduced, which interferes with photosynthesis andrespiration. Because the submerged plants lack the air and sunlightthey need to function, growth is inhibited, and t...Natural vitamin E tocotrienol reaches blood at protective levels
...om animal studies are encouraging, but it is still too soon to tell for humans. More mechanistic and outcomes studies are warranted." In the first study, collaborating scientists at Wayne State University fed participants 400 milligrams of a time-release formulation of a supplement containing primaril...UGA researchers find that hunting can increase the severity of wildlife disease epidemics
...ng season compared to birth season because if it's too early or late, it can drive the population to extinction," Rohani said. "If we want to control a disease in the host population, the timing of the hunting season can be chosen to be optimal for that." ...Finding paves way for better treatment of autoimmune disease
...n those with autoimmune disease, he says. However, too many regulatory cells also can be a problem, he sa... destroy non-regulatory T cells when the body gets too many, say after fighting a big infection, and that it may not work well enough in people with autoim...Bedsores and bald hides: Novel roles revealed for a 'scaffolding' protein
...t that without K17, cells in the hair follicle die too soon, which results in a thin coat of fragile hair, a condition resembling alopecia or thinning, balding hair. That the hair is fragile is not surprising given that K17 is a keratin protein, known to provide structure and strength, says Coulombe. Ha...A protein complex that untangles DNA
...DNA copies together such that they do not separate too early; while the other, condensin, makes the chromosomes more compact, making the separation easier", says Camilla Sjögren. The research group has studied the third, less well understood, protein complex, known as the Smc5/6 complex. This protein ...Researchers find cause of frontotemporal dementia
...ealthy individuals. It has already been shown that too much progranulin leads to cancer ?now, these researchers are revealing that too little progranulin underlies FTD. New diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities This discovery do...New stem-cell findings can help the body to cure itself
...ld cells are continually being replaced by new. If too many new cells are produced, however, it can lead to overgrowth and tumour formation. Too few cells, on the other hand, can result in organ degeneration. It is therefore crucial that exactly the right number of cells are produced. As many serious di...New light microscope sharpens scientists' focus
...n to the nanometer scale. But if the molecules are too close together ?and usually they are ?the fuzzy edges appear to overlap and the microscope cannot discriminate between them. So a cluster of labeled molecules appears as a merged glow that cannot be decomposed into individual sources. But when Hes...Gold nanoparticles could improve antisense cancer drugs
...hen mutations in the body's genetic material cause too many copies of certain proteins, cancer and other diseases can result," said Chad A. Mirkin, director of Northwestern's Center for Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence, who led the study. "Whereas typical drugs target the proteins, it is possible through...Successful transplantation from pig embryos to mice
...e to tumors. Past the window, however, they may be too well-developed: The host identifies these cells as foreign, causing the body to reject them. By transplanting tissues from pig embryos into mice lacking proper immune systems, they determined that the best time frame for pancreatic tissue was about a...Gene first linked to rare disease may trigger skin cancer, other tumors
...e suspended. "In animals deficient for CYLD, much too much Bcl-3 makes it into the nucleus where it activates genes leading to the growth of tumors." In normal skin cells, chemical treatment or UV light prompts the transport of CYLD out into the cytoplasm, they reported. Once there, the protein binds a...Researchers seek to solve mystery of natural HIV control
... group, called elite controllers, have viral loads too low to be detected by currently available assays. "The primary goal of the Elite Controller Collaborative Study is to identify the mechanism that explains control of viral replication in both of these groups, " says Florencia Pereyra, MD, of PARC,......hould pay attention to the message that it's never too late to quit. This is an important study documenting the powerful and persistent dangers of tobacco use worldwide," said Dr. Peter Liu, scientific director for CIHR's Institute of Circulatory and Respiratory Health (ICRH). "Canadians can be proud t...