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Tag: "toll" at biology news

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...arted massive drug discovery programs based on the toll the parasite was having on soldiers − more U.S. soldiers died from malaria in the Pacific than from all enemy fire, Roepe said. The Germans first invented chloroquine (CQ), a synthetic version of quinine, which quickly became the treatment of choi...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

... drop in the ocean, compared with the animal death toll in the rest of the world. In many inhalation studies, the toxicity of airborne chemicals is tested on laboratory animals by placing them in enclosed chambers and subjecting them to increasing concentrations of the test compounds for specified tim...

Cracking open the black box of autoimmune disease

...sponse. "Autoimmune diseases take a tremendous toll on human health, but on a strictly molecular level, autoimmunity is a black box," says Young. "When we discover the molecular mechanisms that drive these conditions, we can migrate from treating symptoms to developing treatments for the disease itsel...

From managing sugar to managing healing

...s. Chronic or nonhealing wounds take an immense toll on American health and on health care systems. It particularly affects millions of patients with impaired mobility, as well as those with diabetes. Because diabetes is a disease caused by impaired production or utilization of insulin, this work may h...

New HIV statistics indicate increasing toll of AIDS on African American community

...ional HIV statistics and we see an ever-increasing toll of AIDS on the African-American community," said Dr. Fullilove. "And each year we ask why AIDS is hitting black Americans hardest. Our analysis identifies the forces that drive the epidemic in black America, and recommends proven, practical and aff...

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

...ing infected individuals would take a much greater toll on the community than failing to pre-vaccinate potential cases. To conduct the study, Longini and colleagues created a computer model that calculated the spread of smallpox via aerosol dissemination ?the most likely choice of terrorists ?within a c...

Gene chip technology shows potential for identifying life-threatening blood infection

... occur annually, and one-third of patients die - a toll greater than deaths from breast, colon, pancreas and prostate cancer combined. Currently, a diagnosis of sepsis or non-infectious systemic inflammation is made by sending cultures of patients' blood, sputum, or urine to the laboratory for analysis...

Malaria vaccine prompts victims' immune system to eliminate parasite from mosquitoes

...ating a terrible disease that exacts a devastating toll on the world's children." The vaccine was developed by researchers in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's Laboratory of Developmental and Molecular Immunity, in partnership with researchers in the Malaria Vaccine Developm...

Serengeti patrols cut poaching of buffalo, elephants, rhinos

...aphic, for example, said estimates of the poaching toll range as high as 200,000 in the Serengeti. Hilborn says that poaching cannot be nearly that great or the populations still would be declining. "The estimates are just all over the place, not just for the Serengeti but all across Africa," Hilborn s...

Elephants, large mammals recover from poaching in Africa's oldest national park

...cher Deo Kujirakwinja. "Poaching is still taking a toll on wildlife and the rate of recovery is being slowed as a result, but it is clear that the efforts of ICCN and its partners are finally leading to a reduction in the level of poaching." Established in 1925, Virunga National Park remains the most spe...

Epidemic of unneeded amputations

...rocedure that takes a great physical and emotional toll on patients and their families. But physicians often jump too quickly to amputation rather than exploring medical advances that can prevent limb loss," said Dr. Craig Walker, of the Cardiovascular Institute of the South, in Houma, La. Walker is a pi...

U of S researchers develop new vaccine candidate against hepatitis C

...splants in the western world, and its annual death toll is expected to triple in the next 10 years. Worldwide, there are about five times more people infected by HCV than with the HIV virus. Treatment of hepatitis C, which like HIV is spread by blood-to-blood contact, is costly and ineffective in about ha...

How can we protect patients with weakened immune systems from influenza?

...servoir for the disease. In addition to the yearly toll of ordinary influenza (as many as 36,000 annual fatalities in the U.S.), added concerns over potential threats -- an avian flu pandemic or the use of flu as a weapon of biological warfare -- put anti-flu measures into the category of biodefense. Und...

Genomics-based vaccine could prevent deadly cattle disease

...nt reward, itself. "This disease takes an enormous toll on the local society and economy of rural areas across eastern and central Africa, including Maasai and other pastoral communities," he says. In particular, East Coast fever kills cattle kept by families trying to rise out of poverty. If researche...

Potential vaccine developed for deadly leishmaniasis disease

... a leishmaniasis vaccine because of the huge human toll and the lack of any effective treatment. The most common drugs used to treat leishmaniasis have serious side effects and are expensive. Symptoms of visceral leishmaniasis include fever, weight loss, and abnormalities of the liver and spleen. ...

Marine mammals are on the frontline of failing ocean health

... evidence that our activities on land are taking a toll on the health of the oceans, and in turn our own well-being." "Wildlife can serve as a source of infection, as we have seen with the avian bird flu, but they can also be sentinels of pathogen pollution. They are often the first victims of these dis...

Birth defects: 8 million annually worldwide

...irst time the severe, and previously hidden global toll of birth defects," explains Dr. Jennifer L. Howse,...d under-funded public health problem." "The human toll of birth defects is even greater when one considers the impact of lifelong disability on children, t...

Plant wounds trigger bacteria

...r crown gall disease, which takes a large economic toll on fruit and wine-grape crops each year. "Mutant forms of Agrobacterium are also widely used in agricultural biotechnology for their ability to create transgenic plants containing new genes of scientific or economic interest," said Winans, a prof...

New study shows measles immunization may prevent fatal brain infection

...ograms. Despite recent reductions in the worldwide toll of measles, he noted, the disease still accounts for almost half of the 1.6 million annual childhood deaths due to vaccine-preventable diseases. ...

Why do aneurysms form? New studies suggest leading role for white blood cells

...orta before time runs out. But despite the deadly toll of this condition, called abdominal aortic aneurysm or AAA ("triple A"), experts know very little about why it happens. Now, a pair of papers from researchers at the University of Michigan Cardiovascular Center is shedding new light on the mystery. ...

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