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Tag: "time" at biology news

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

...ht be unable to defuse. "This study was the first time a genome-wide approach has been used for an infectious disease," Goldstein said. "Past studies have looked at individual candidate genes. Since different people respond differently to infections, a better understanding of how immune system genes cont...

One species, many genomes

...Africa or Asia has been investigated for the first time by research teams from Tübingen, Germany, and California led by Detlef Weigel from the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology. The results were surprising: The extent of the genetic differences far exceeds the expectations for such a streaml...

Research identifies protein that signals flowering in squash plants

...anipulating the photoperiodic control of flowering time is an important objective in crop breeding and development programs, because it can aid in optimizing crop yields and other traits for local environmental conditions. Experimental evidence indicates that a flowering-inducing substance, known as fl...

Researchers discover inherited mutation for leukemia

...r growth. "Our findings identify for the first time a gene that appears to be associated with hereditary CLL," says coauthor John C. Byrd, professor of internal medicine and a CLL specialist. "They also show the importance of the gene in the pathogenesis of CLL, and direct us to target this gene w...

Agent slows aging in mice

...uses associated with aging. “This is the first time to my knowledge when an agent has been shown to extend median life span in three laboratories,” says Miller, professor of pathology at the U-M Medical School and associate director of the U-M Geriatrics Center. Miller is also a research scientist at ...

Enzyme delivered in smaller package protects cells from radiation damage

... incubated at body temperature for 7 days at which time colonies of greater than 50 cells were counted. The MnSOD transfected cells were significantly more resistant to ionizing radiation than the non-tranfected cells. However, there was no significant difference in survival between MnSOD-minicircle a...

Cells re-energize to come back from the brink of death

...ying again,” Green said. “This might represent the time it takes for the cell to restore enough mitochondria to allow the cell to function normally.” The discovery that GAPDH appears to save cells from CICD suggests that blocking this enzyme would kill abnormal cells that lack caspase activation and ...

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...osely monitored. “People have talked for a long time about a balance of ‘good guys’ and ‘bad guys’ within the inflammatory process, either causing harm or alleviating the disease. The current work reinforces the idea that inflammation is not simply the bad guy that many people think it is.” The work...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

...ion, while those who experienced a large rise over time in those proteins frequently exhibited a return of...nce of throat cancer early on, when there is still time to pursue a second line of treatment, such as surgery or drug therapy. “Cancers of the head and nec...

Soils offer new hope as carbon sink

...eenhouse gases and increase production at the same time has been reinforced by new research findings at NSW Department of Primary Industries' (DPI) Wollongbar Agricultural Institute. Trials of agrichar - a product hailed as a saviour of Australia's carbon-depleted soils and the environment - have doubled...

Math that powers spam filters used to understand how brain learns to move our muscles

...t it recently learned and what it’s known for some time to anticipate what it needs to develop new motor s... adapt and make more accurate predictions the next time around. Every time the learner repeated the task, it would sift through the prior knowledge in its m...

Modeling the restless brain

...ch and interrelated temporal structure at multiple time scales that is shaped by the underlying structural topology," Sporns and Honey wrote in an article appearing this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences early edition online. The article, which will be available at http://ww...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...arge conformational changes happen on a very short time scale: femtoseconds,” Tajkhorshid said. Each step ...ep, so the simulations take an extensive amount of time and considerable computational effort. The researchers addressed two key questions: First, could ...

CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'

... my work was a map showing the spread of DFTD over time and some spatial statistics correlating the frequency of devils and diseased individuals with different landscapes or land uses,” Mr Marvanek said. Dr Hyatt said helping the Tassie devil to survive the DFTD threat was crucial, not just because it...

Hormone helps mice 'hibernate,' survive starvation

...wth factor 21 (FGF21), are described for the first time in a study appearing online today in Cell Metabolism. FGF21, triggered in starving mice by a specific cellular receptor that controls the use of fat as energy, spurs a metabolic shift to burning stored fats instead of carbohydrates and induces a...

Envisat captures first image of Sargassum from space

...seaweed has been detected from space for the first time using optical radiance data from the Medium Resolu...tation, has been detected from space for the first time thanks to an instrument aboard ESA’s environmental satellite, Envisat. The ability to monitor Sargas...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

..., then crop yields are reduced and/or more growing time is needed for these crops to reach the yields obtained by untreated crops. We feel that this is a previously unforeseen factor contributing to declining crop yields." The researchers say that field-wide experiments now are needed, in addition to t...

Studies to find better ways to preserve human eggs, ovarian tissue under way

...er, if you need chemotherapy, you often don’t have time to go through stimulation cycles to get oocytes,” says Dr. Emmi. “You are concentrating on getting rid of cancer cells.” Also, if a woman has breast cancer, for example, hormones needed to induce ovulation could be problematic because many breast can...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...als ate the western diet for eight weeks, at which time they developed severe atherosclerosis. Then they were started on the drug to determine whether the drug could halt or reverse the disease process. In both experiments, the drug treatment reduced the size of fatty plaques in the animals' aortas by ...

Ancient DNA traces the woolly mammoth's disappearance

... Siberian mammoths expanded from a small base some time before sixty thousand years ago. Moreover, they fo...g that mammoths had diverged in isolation for some time before merging back into a single population. The DNA further suggests that no later than forty thou...

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