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Tag: "through" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists find key HIV protein makes cell membranes bend more easily

...a T-cell membrane. Fusion takes place specifically through a short stretch of gp41 called fusion peptide 23, or FP-23 for short. Prior studies have shown that FP-23 fuses with, and can even break apart, blood cells and other man-made, cell-like structures called liposomes. FP-23 likely plays several roles i...

Genomic Analysis Uncovers New Targets for HIV Vaccine

...alio Telenti at the University of Lausanne, sifted through data collected from more than 30,000 patients who had blood samples taken as a part of nine studies in Europe and Australia. They arrived at 486 patients who had had multiple blood tests documenting viral loads after infection and before they started...

Scratch no more: Gene for itch sensation discovered

...tem. The findings are reported this week in Nature through advance online publication. Chronic itching is a widespread problem. It can be caused by skin disorders like eczema, or it can stem from a deeper problem such as kidney failure or liver disease. It can be a serious side effect of cancer therapies or...

Art and music for the birds

...n Arts Center’s Sculpture Park in Jenkintown, Pa., through Wednesday, Nov. 21. Visitors of the interactive exhibit receive a schedule of songs emitting from each station, which will repeat approximately five songs each. Birds can tune in to classics like Vivaldi’s “Concert in D Major,” Miles Davis’s “Blue ...

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

...s a “conformational wave” that propagates a signal through the protein body to the cell membrane, Chen said. But the molecular basis of such a wave in nAChR or any other protein has not been clearly established. Instead, the Chen group’s study of crystal structure suggested a simple mechanical role for s...

Research identifies protein that signals flowering in squash plants

...under inducing conditions, and then is transported through the phloem to the floral meristems, where it acts ... (FT). CO does not appear to travel long distances through the phloem, but rather, it strongly influences the production of another substance (i.e. florigen) t...

Cellular message movement captured on video

...g the cell into action.” Examining living cells through a microscope, Chien and the paper’s co-author, associate project scientist Ying-Li Hu, filmed red-fluorescence-tagged paxillin molecules traveling from cells’ outer membrane along green-fluorescence-labeled traces of cytoskeleton. Even without video ...

Releasing fish for the future

...that mortality rates can be significantly improved through changed practices. Key recommendations from an initial two-year project are that fishers should Cut the line on fish that swallow hooks Remove hooks caught in the fish’s mouth Minimise air exposure Use landing nets without knotted me...

Math that powers spam filters used to understand how brain learns to move our muscles

... time the learner repeated the task, it would sift through the prior knowledge in its memory banks and make a prediction on how to move, which in turn would also be memorized. While short term memory was periodically purged, repeated errors were transferred to a long term memory bank. The computer learne...

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...ormant bacterial spores, researchers have revealed through atomic force microscopy (AFM) the alterations of s...vorable conditions, spores break the dormant state through germination and reenter the vegetative mode of replication. Although significant progress has bee...

Modeling the restless brain

...s "resting state," waves of neural activity ripple through the brain, creating fluctuating and ever-changing patterns. Sporns and Honey's work on modeling this brain activity sheds new light on how and when these mysterious fluctuations occur and offers insights into what the brain does while idle. "Some ...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...in: a series of parallel sheets that form a tunnel through which large molecules can pass. Another region of ...d to force in order to expose a permeation pathway through the barrel" In the first simulation the researchers applied a force to TonB and showed that the m...

CSIRO scientists join fight to save 'Tassie devil'

... the cancer becomes visible and spreads internally through the body, the animal usually dies within a few months from starvation and the breakdown of body functions. The integrated research team at AAHL will use a variety of techniques including microscopy, microarrays and a range of molecular techniques...

Envisat captures first image of Sargassum from space

...ton and seaweed, absorb atmospheric carbon dioxide through photosynthesis and convert it into organic carbon. By absorbing half of the carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere, the oceans have a profound influence on climate, making them major areas of interest for climate modellers. The discovery was...

Dirty snow may warm Arctic as much as greenhouse gases

...se. Humans create the majority of airborne soot through industry and fuel combustion, while forest and open-field fires account for the rest. Because of human activity, greenhouse gas levels have increased by one-third in the last two centuries. “A one-third change in concentration is huge, yet the Ear...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...said., When a malaria parasite is transmitted through a mosquito bite, the mosquito injects the parasite into skin or blood, which then travels to the liver within minutes, grows and divides there, and then ruptures liver cells, spewing many new parasites into the blood. A fever results from the infecti...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

... reports that artificial chemicals in pesticides – through application or exposure to crops through runoff – disrupt natural nitrogen-fixing communications between crops and soil bacteria. The disrupt...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

... microbe that could be transmitted to their owners through a scratch. These earlier investigations taught the researchers several important lessons: new diseases and new bacteria infecting humans are still being discovered, and it is important to carefully investigate the genetic make-up of all bacteria...

Studies to find better ways to preserve human eggs, ovarian tissue under way

... now the standard of care for people who are going through cancer therapy is to use egg donors later on,” say...need chemotherapy, you often don’t have time to go through stimulation cycles to get oocytes,” says Dr. Emmi. “You are concentrating on getting rid of cancer c...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...o reproduce the effects of these genetic mutations through the development of drugs. Hotamisligil worked with Dr. Rex Parker at the Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Institute in Princeton, NJ, to develop an inhibitor of the aP2 protein. "There was no traditional model of making a drug to inhibit this type of...

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