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Tag: "thousands" at biology news

War on terror meets war on cancer

...nistration began using Ehleringer's method to test thousands of drug samples each year. Slight differences in the nitrogen-15-to-nitrogen-14 ratios helped Ehleringer distinguish soils where coca plants were grown, while ratios of carbon-13 to carbon-12 revealed plants grown in humid versus drier climates. That...

Researchers identify molecular anchor that allows bacterial invasion of central nervous system

...h a process that involved generating and screening thousands of Streptococcus mutants in a laboratory model of the human blood-brain barrier, the researchers found that a gene called iagA (short for invasion association gene-A) played a central role. By producing a fat-sugar complex that anchors LTA, iagA est...

NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works

... PA-824. But determining exactly which of M. tb's thousands of proteins was changed in these mutants proved difficult, says Dr. Barry. Conventional genetic techniques for comparing normal and mutant strains of M. tb failed, so the team turned to a specially modified microarray-based technique, called comparat...

Study reveals genomics of inflammation from severe injury

...nt of a time-lapse movie, tracking the activity of thousands of genes through the course of body-wide inflammat...n. The scientists analyzed the activity of tens of thousands of genes from these cells, which were taken from the volunteers at regular intervals over 24 hours. ...

Study Unlocks Insects?Secret for Love in the Dark

...nt of a time-lapse movie, tracking the activity of thousands of genes through the course of body-wide inflammat...n. The scientists analyzed the activity of tens of thousands of genes from these cells, which were taken from the volunteers at regular intervals over 24 hours. ...

Nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanotubes: How tiny specks may provide powerful tools against cancer

...o allow for large scale production methods to make thousands of sensors and have microarrays of these to detect cancer proteins." The researchers plan to test the technique with additional breast cancer markers, as well as with markers for other cancers. They are also planning to perform animal studies, exam...

Scientists observe how a close bond activates the immune system

...he T cell starts multiplying, eventually producing thousands of copies of itself. These T cell clones are capable of killing invaders outright and marshaling other cells to destroy them. In the new study, Gabriele Campi, a graduate student in Dr. Dustin's laboratory, and Kaspar Mossman, a graduate student o...

Role of microRNA identified in thyroid cancer

...s in length. A gene, in comparison, can be tens of thousands of nucleotides long. Scientists used to think miRNAs were parts of long stretches of functionless, "junk" DNA in the genome. But Dr. Huiling He, a research scientist in the Human Cancer Genetics Program at Ohio State and the lead author of the stud...

First big influenza genome study reveals flu evolution

...s part of this ongoing project, TIGR will sequence thousands of human flu isolates, as well as avian, equine, and swine flu isolates, to recognize influenza's patterns of genetic change. To do so, TIGR has built an innovative viral genomics lab, which is ramping up to sequence 100 influenza genomes weekly. I...

The shape of things to come: Morphology database going global

...hBank, an international Web database that contains thousands of high-resolution photographs and other images of plant and animal specimens. Now he is leading an interdisciplinary team of FSU scientists to expand the database, thanks to a $2.25 million grant from the National Science Foundation. "It used to be...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

...erved in only a handful of proteins out of tens of thousands whose structures are known. The group speculates the knot may help stabilize the protein so it can do its job of capturing light and triggering the cascade of downstream events under its control. "We think that without the knot, the protein conforma...

Zooming in on the protein-conducting channel

... the molecules, scientists then obtained images of thousands of captive protein complexes. Next, they used computer image analysis to produce detailed, three-dimensional maps of the complex in two different states from the low-contrast, noisy images produced by the electron microscope. “What we have achieved ...

Mining biotech's data mother lode

... problems that interests them. Microarrays process thousands of samples to discover what genes are over express...y which ones could potentially interact, among the thousands of proteins created by the over-expressing genes. Once interesting potential protein interactions ar...

Many needles, many haystacks

...'letter' pattern in a protein sequence that may be thousands of amino acids long."The method Neduva and his colleagues invented draws on large-scale studies of protein binding in the cells of yeast, flies, worms and humans. Those studies have produced parts lists of molecular machines. And the data holds a wea...

DNA technique measures suitability of soil for onion crops

...the stem nematode and onion white rot. Each year thousands of soil samples are investigated for their suitability for onion crops. They are examined for the presence of the nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci (the stem nematode) and the fungus Sclerotium cepivorum (onion white rot). For years this has been done vis...

Some good news for the world's poor

...ly helped millions avoid starvation but also saved thousands of hectares of fragile natural habitats from falli...ificantly reduced prices for poor consumers, saved thousands of hectares of forests from being turned into farmland, and reduced the number of malnourished child...

How E. coli bacterium generates simplicity from complexity

... E. coli cell based on the experimental results of thousands of previous experiments, some of which were completed decades ago. "The goal of this study was to comprehensively simulate all the possible molecular interactions in a well studied strain of E. coli to gain a global view of the range of functional ne...

Research: Snails were overlooked contributors to marsh destruction

...ought, otherwise harmless snails likely killed off thousands of acres of salt marsh in the Southeast in recent years. Periwinkle snails, known to science as Littoraria irrorata, normally coexist happily with salt marsh. But the drought, which lasted from 1999 to 2001, weakened and killed marsh grasses such as...

Seal rookeries could provide a reliable food source for endangered California condors, study finds

...ondors remained plentiful along the West Coast for thousands of years until Europeans began settling the region...h they raised largely for tallow and leather. Many thousands of cattle were brought here, so the condors switched their whole diet to cattle." The large cattle ...

Ancient humans brought bottle gourds to the Americas from Asia

...s that were used as containers in the Americas for thousands of years before the advent of pottery were brought...Lagenaria sicereria) have been grown worldwide for thousands of years. The gourds have little food value but their strong, hard-shelled fruits were long prized a...

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