thought 2 3

Tag: "thought" at biology news

Fused nasal bones helped tyrannosaurids dismember prey

...ively. "We kept the muscle numbers down because we thought they couldn't possibly be that powerful, but Tyrrell museum colleagues showed that a T. rex's lower jaw could apply 200,000 newtons of force—that's like lifting a semi-trailer," he said. "All of the T. rex's features came together to give it the stro...

Fat overrides effects of vitamin C

...saliva and is derived from nitrate in our diet, is thought to be a pre-carcinogen for gastric cancer. When it is swallowed and enters the acidic environment of the stomach, nitrite spontaneously forms nitrosating species able to convert a range of targets, such as secondary amines and bile acids, into carcin...

It's never too late to get it back! Aging interrupted

...eplace those cells with new, healthy cells. It is thought that the body does this because it normally kills some cells like damaged and rogue cancer cells to provide energy when it is starving. Then it replaces these cells when a meal is eaten. It seems it is the total number of calories which are cons...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...oducts such as grass clippings and wood chips—once thought too difficult to turn into ethanol—may soon be fodder for hungry, gene-tweaked bacteria. The findings in today’s Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences may empower scientists to engineer ethanol-producing super-organisms that can make clean-...

Scientists see DNA get 'sunburned' for the first time

... sustain damage. So long-lived excited states were thought to be more dangerous than short-lived ones. But this study shows that the most common UV damage is caused by a very short-lived excited state. "The speed of this reaction has important consequences for understanding how DNA is damaged by UV light,...

Studies force new view on biology of flavonoids

...ounds found in fruits and vegetables that had been thought to be nutritionally important for their antioxidant activity, actually have little or no value in that role, according to an analysis by scientists in the Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University. However, these same compounds may indeed b...

Stanford-led study closes in on genes that may predispose some people to severe depression

...pression in twins and families. No single gene is thought responsible for determining the risk for developing depression. Instead, multiple genes are probably interacting to create what amounts to a genetic baseline level of risk. On top of that baseline, environmental factors are likely mixed in as w...

BMI not accurate indicator of body fat

...e indicates obesity. A person with a higher BMI is thought to be at a greater risk of heart disease, diabetes and other weight-related problems. "The overlying issue is the same criteria for BMI are used across the board," said Joshua Ode, a Ph.D. student in the MSU Department of Kinesiology and an assist...

Glucose triggers brain cell death in rats after hypoglycemic coma

Brain damage that was thought to be caused by hypoglycemic coma actually occurs when glucose is administered to treat the coma, according to a study in rodents led by researchers at the San Francisco VA Medical Center. The results are surprising, say the authors, and may be of ...

In obesity, brain becomes 'unaware' of fat

... a surprise, a nice surprise,?Cowley said. “We had thought it might be more irreversible than that.? However, Cowley cautioned, previous studies in humans haven’t always supported the idea that reducing fat intake alone has a major effect on obesity, noting that the digestive systems of mice and humans dif...

Despite their heft, many dinosaurs had surprisingly tiny genomes

...be added to the list of dinosaur traits previously thought to be found only in modern birds, including feathers, pulmonary innovations, and parental care and nesting." Other researchers had previously determined that the sizes of various cell types, across species, tend to reflect the size of an organism'...

Gene found for rare disorder may reveal new pathway in mental retardation

...mutations along the cohesin pathway among patients thought to have isolated mental retardation." "This discovery will improve the diagnosis of Cornelia deLange syndrome," added Dr. Krantz, "and also opens an avenue for investigating genetic mechanisms in broader populations of patients with abnormal brain...

Mutation improves memory, may lead to memory-enhancing pill

...s, widely conserved from sea slugs to rodents, are thought to underlie these two components. While modifications of pre-existing proteins are sufficient for the transient changes, new gene expression is required for those that are sustained," the researchers said, emphasizing that a gene's expression depends...

New compound prevents alcoholic behavior, relapse in animals by blocking stress response

...orticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which is also thought to trigger relapse in rats that have developed a long-term dependency on alcohol. The research, by Markus Heilig, MD, PhD, at the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), and his team, appears in the March 7 issue of The Journal o...

Nanotextured implant materials: blending in, not fighting back

...Haberstroh, an assistant professor of engineering, thought maybe they could use physical structure to allow the foreign materials to blend in better. "What we're trying to do is fundamentally different," says Webster. "We're trying to find materials that the body accepts, rather than develop drugs or develop...

Imaging pinpoints brain regions that 'see the future'

...elling support for the idea that memory and future thought are highly interrelated and help explain why future thought may be impossible without memories." Scheduled for advance online publication Jan. 1 in Proceedin...

Metacognition: Faced with a test, rats can check their knowledge first

... cognitive states. This ability, which can also be thought of as the capacity to assess or reflect on one's own mental processes, was previously only recognized in humans and other primates. The findings are reported by Allison Foote and Jonathon Crystal of the University of Georgia and appear online in the ...

Enhancing activity of marijuana-like chemicals in brain helps treat

...y circuits in the brain. One of the circuits is thought to be involved in activating motion, while the other is thought to be involved in restraining unwanted movement. "These two circuits are critically involved in a p...

How appetite-stimulating brain cells work overtime during fasting

...n an accompanying preview article. Researchers had thought that decreased levels of the fat-produced hormone leptin alone signaled the hypothalamus that fat levels have fallen, leading hypothalamic neurons to activate a program, including hunger, to preserve energy and restore fat levels, he said. Now, "...

3 proteins may play important role in nerve-cell repair

... mammalian nerve cells as they mature, and this is thought to explain, in part, why mature nerve cells cannot regenerate damaged axons. "Our findings provide additional evidence that cAMP plays an important role in axon growth and suggest that these receptors are likely to play a major role in regulating...

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10