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Tag: "tasks" at biology news

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...l challenges -- or their ability to perform useful tasks such as carbon sequestration, phytoremediation, or the production of bio-fuels -- could also use functional imaging to help track their progress. In the New Phytologist study, the scientists asked how plants deal with an external stress, such as an ...

Tiny scaffolding allows stem cells to become working fat cells

...se "two-dimensional" patches fail to mimic all the tasks performed by cells in vivo. Specific genes, proteins and hormones normally produced by healthy cells are often absent in two-dimensional colonies. "The PET fibers are spun out onto a mat that resembles the intracellular matrix that bonds cells toget...

Brain Scans Reveal How Gene May Boost Schizophrenia Risk

...e in their prefrontal cortex and perform better on tasks involving that part of the brain. Schizophrenia patients typically perform poorly on such tasks. Earlier studies had shown that inheriting two copies of the more common val version leads to a slightly higher risk for schizophrenia and a signature pat...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

... of gene expression is one of the most fundamental tasks of every cell in the body because many of our genes encode proteins that may only be needed occasionally. Indeed, having some of these proteins around when they are not needed can create any number of problems for an organism, and failing to properly...

The lopsided brain: Attention bias is shared by humans and birds

...r reasons that are not entirely clear, during some tasks humans have a tendency to devote more visual atten...al pseudoneglect in humans--so-called cancellation tasks in which subjects are asked to "cancel-out" evenly distributed visual targets on a sheet of paper pl...

Ariadne Genomics Announces the Release of PathwayStudio?Central, Client-Server Software for Biological Pathway Analysis

...n extraction tools allow for computation intensive tasks and provide convenient interfaces for the integration with internal frameworks and third-party products. For more information, visit Ariadne Genomics website www.ariadnegenomics.com ...

Gambling monkeys give insight into neural machinery of risk

...ce. Neuroimaging studies in humans performing such tasks can identify brain regions involved in making decisions based on risk, he said. "And then, using these animals, we can do electrophysiological studies that allow us to understand how the fundamental processing units of the brain -- single nerve cell...

Stem Cells Found In Cerebellum; Possible Cell of Origin for Childhood Brain Tumors

... host of specialized cells that perform designated tasks in a particular tissue or organ. But when stem cells become activated at the wrong time or place, rapid proliferation can give rise to cancer, said Wechsler-Reya. The researchers discovered the stem cells while studying the development of granule ce...

MSKCC researchers uncover structure of key protein complex in cells

... similar structures, though they perform different tasks in cells. Ubiquitin acts as a chemical tattoo that marks damaged or obsolete proteins for destruction by a protein complex in the cell called the proteasome. Cancer researchers became particularly interested in ubiquitin with the discovery that it t...

Brain networks change according to cognitive task

...ain. The results also show that switching between tasks -- in this case between rhyming and spelling -- le... that the IFG is active in many different language tasks and suggested that the IFG was involved not only in the integration process but also in control of o...

Elusive salamanders have role in developing new sampling models

...ght they normally leave ponds. One of the project tasks consists of field experimentation to compare the larval capture efficiency of methods in use at Fort Stewart with methods used by other researchers for other salamander populations and with methods being developed during this project. These studies w...

Out of sight, out of mind? Not necessarily

...acy for both the directional orientation and color tasks was significantly above chance," said Tony Ro, associate professor of psychology and principal investigator for the study. "Even though the human primary visual cortex activity was temporarily shut down, it's clear that detailed visual information w...

What Makes The Brain Tick, Tick, Tick: Researchers Gaining New Insights Into Brain's Internal Clock

...erval timing is central to broader coordination of tasks such as walking, manipulating objects, carrying on a conversation and tracking objects in the environment, they said. "Interval timing is necessary for us to understand temporal order of events, for example when carrying on a conversation," said Mec...

Prenatal exposure to marine toxin causes lasting damage

... male and female rats in their ability to complete tasks of spatial memory, the researchers found. Previous research has shown that males normally outperform females on spatial discrimination learning in particular maze tests. Exposed rats of both sexes also showed greater susceptibility to a chemical th...

Brains response to visual stimuli helps us to focus on what we should see, rather than all there is to see

...together to perform a function. To account for the tasks carried out in the larger areas, scientists assumed that the function of these columns varied smoothly across the cortex surface. Later research demonstrated that each of the six layers in the cortex is also wired into distinct circuits. But Callawa...

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...propriate ones, take place. "In other words, these tasks require high levels of cognitive control," Belger said. "We wanted to find out if these executive functions of particular brain regions that are critical for the appropriate generation of actions show deficits in autistic individuals. In addition, w...

Clocking in Pillow Time without the Pillow

...ound that sleepy monkeys taking the drug performed tasks better and had increased metabolic activity in several regions of their brains. This suggests that the cognitive effects of sleep deprivation can be reduced chemically. The researchers kept the monkeys awake for 30 to 36 hours by playing music and v...

Noise And Delays Explain Why Some Genes Oscillate In Activity

...ound that sleepy monkeys taking the drug performed tasks better and had increased metabolic activity in several regions of their brains. This suggests that the cognitive effects of sleep deprivation can be reduced chemically. The researchers kept the monkeys awake for 30 to 36 hours by playing music and v...

Brainstem blocks pain to protect key behaviors

...ed analgesia," allowing them to complete essential tasks even in a difficult situation. "Escaping pain and potential dangers may be important protective behaviors, but eating, drinking, and eliminating wastes are absolutely essential," said study author Peggy Mason, Ph.D., professor in the department of n...

Johns Hopkins flu expert calls for mandatory vaccination of health care workers

...the job, linked to patient safety, along with such tasks as keeping hands clean and getting mandatory TB tests." Neither state nor federal law requires workers to provide medical details when they call in sick so it is difficult to precisely link seasonal hospital absenteeism and high rates of non-vaccina...

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