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Tag: "targets" at biology news

Study ties 'new' cell-death mechanism to developmental and degenerative brain disorders

... as causative factors ?and potentially therapeutic targets ?in neurodegenerative diseases. "Very recent neurophysiological studies of bursting neurons have led to speculation that voltage-gated potassium channels could be involved in human neurodegenerative disease, but proof has been lacking," Pulst said. ...

Whole-genome study at Johns Hopkins reveals a new gene associated with abnormal heart rhythm

...sing a whole-genome approach allows us to find new targets that we never would have imagined." So instead of focusing on so-called candidate genes with known functions that are highly suspect in heart beat rhythm, the team first focused on people who have extremely long or short QT intervals. The researche...

Boosting newborns' immune responses

...adult immune systems that could lead to additional targets for drugs or vaccines. A related paper, to be published soon in the journal Pediatric Research, finds that when newborns' TLRs are stimulated during the first week of life, their white cells' production of the cytokine IL-6, which inhibits parts of t...

Invasive species harms native hardwoods by killing soil fungus

...inson and her colleagues found that garlic mustard targets arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), which form mutually beneficial relationships with many forest trees. These fungi have long filaments that penetrate the roots of plants, forming an intricate interwoven network that effectively extends the plant's ...

New RNAi tools enable systematic studies of gene function

...e immune system senses pathogens and appropriately targets its response will be accelerated using these tools... performance, the scientists sampled a subset that targets approximately 1,000 human genes. They systematically inactivated these genes in a human cancer cell ...

Driver of anthrax toxicity could lead to late-stage therapy

...n infection, with the hope of finding possible new targets for therapies aimed at the host instead of the bacteria. The method allows for the identification of required host cell genes without pre-conceptions about their potential to play a role, the study authors said. The study revealed that LRP6 acts as ...

The closest look ever at the cell's machines

... Gitte Neubauer, Vice President at Cellzome. "Drug targets and pathologically relevant proteins are parts of machines and pathways." The collaboration between Cellzome and EMBL has been very successful, she says, producing fundamental new insights in how molecules are organised and contributing to Cellzome...

A surprising pair of proteins help make healthy eggs

...eproduction puzzle, and it points to possible drug targets for treating infertility and ovarian cancer. "Thousands of women in this country undergo fertility treatments each year and some have no idea why they can't get pregnant," said Richard Freiman, an assistant professor in the Department of Molecular B...

Clues to breast cancer hidden inside stem cells

...rence in Venice, Italy (19-21 March), could become targets for cancer treatment, leading to new therapies that wipe out cancer at its source. The hope is that they might also become useful tools to test new drugs. "People have long suspected there should be a stem cell population in the human breast gland,...

How the brain learns to become addicted

...thways for orexin and CRF may prove to be fruitful targets in the search for addiction medications." Bonci a...in receptors may provide novel pharmacotherapeutic targets for motivational disorders such as addiction. ...

Waking a sleeping virus

...To identify weak points of ZEBRA as potential drug targets Morand and Carlo Petosa from Müller's group created a high-resolution map of the protein's structure. Using the unique technology "platforms" that EMBL and the IVMS have set up in partnership with the neighbouring institutes, they obtained crystals o...

UCSB researchers discover shape matters to macrophages

... the action of the macrophages when presented with targets of varying shapes. Mitragotri says the next challenge is clear: learning how to engineer the shape of particles to enhance, delay or prevent phagocytosis. Such a discovery, for example could allow researchers to design drug carriers that can be purp...

Viral protein helps infected T cells stick to uninfected cells

... and breast milk. In the body, the HTLV-1 mainly targets immune-system cells known as CD4 T lymphocytes. These immune cells coordinate immune responses in part through physical contact with other immune cells. The cells adhere to one another using a protein known as LFA-1, which is found on the cells' surf...

Salmonella caught red-handed

...lly useful metabolic paths are already used as the targets of current antibiotics ?or have already been considered for development of an effective antibiotic. A comprehensive analysis of two infection models ?typhoid and diarrhoea ?shows clearly that there are far fewer than expected possible points of atta...

MiRNA fingerprint identified in platelet formation

...miRNAs are turned off, it's a signal to other gene targets to get busy with the normal process of development." Garzon says just the opposite happens in AMKL, an unusual form of leukemia more often found in children than adults. In examining four sets of AMKL lines, they found that 10 miRNAs were turned on...

NHGRI announces new sequencing targets

...oals, recently approved three plans to specify the targets as part of its comprehensive strategy for NHGRI's ...er date. NHGRI's process for selecting sequencing targets begins with three working groups comprised of experts from across the research community. Each of th...

Gene-specific Ebola therapies protect non-human primates from lethal disease

...One advantage of this strategy is that it directly targets the virus," said the paper's first author, Kelly L. Warfield. "With Ebola infection, the virus grows so fast that it overtakes the host immune system. What we did, essentially, was to hold off the viral replication long enough for the host to mount a...

Scientists discover a genetic switch that links animal growth and cancer

...ation of cancers and could provide new therapeutic targets for intervention in cancer. The current findings took about four years to discover. The worms used in the research develop quickly, growing from an egg to an adult in three days, as compared to mice, for example, which take several months. The simil...

A new way of looking at molecular motors

...id. "In the long term, that could lead to new drug targets being discovered more quickly." Molecular motors run on tracks, like trains, using chemical reactions that involve the chemical compound adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for fuel. Myosin runs on the filaments of actin, a protein found in muscle cells,...

'Genetic network' guards against lethal DNA damage

...lect the human versions of these genes suitable as targets for the development of new, more targeted and less toxic cancer therapies," Boeke said. The goal of the Hopkins study was to identify pairs of genes that, while different, play redundant roles in governing genomic integrity in yeast cells, filling i...

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