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Tag: "targets" at biology news

Scientists identify genetic pathways essential to RNA interference

... inexpensively to silence a single gene. Promising targets could include viruses like HIV and hepatitis C or cancer-causing oncogenes. An RNAi-based treatment for age-related macular degeneration is already in clinical trials." Ruvkun is a professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School. RNAi was originally...

Scientists reveal molecular secrets of the malaria parasite

...nefit biomedical scientists who areidentifying new targets for vaccines that would impede the parasiteduring ...t areinteracting with the host as well as new gene targets for vaccines thataim to prevent parasite transmission in the mosquito."The study highlights the gene...

Circles Of DNA Might Help Predict Success Of Stem Cell Transplantation

...ve been converted to parent T cells--each of which targets a specific foreign substance, according to Rupert Handgretinger, M.D., Ph.D., director of Stem Cell Transplantation at St. Jude and co-director of the Transplantation and Gene Therapy Program. "sjTRECs appear only after the gene shuffling has succes...

The Shapes Of Life: NIGMS Project Yields More Than 1,000 Protein Structures

... function in many life processes and could lead to targets for the development of new medicines. The PSI is ...ct the shape of unknown proteins, quickly identify targets for drug development, and compare protein structures from normal and diseased tissues.?In general, a...

Beyond lithium for bipolar disorder

... be switched on by lithium, suggesting more direct targets for drugs to treat the disorder. Lithium is known... and of the orphan receptor GPR88 as potential new targets in bipolar disorder." Philip E. Brandish, Ming Su, Daniel J. Holder, Paul Hodor, John Szumiloski, R...

Discovery Could Lead To Novel Approaches In HIV Treatment

...m. T-lymphocytes also happen to be HIV's preferred targets forinfection. The researchers then used this method to study blood samplesfrom patients that had been recently infected with HIV and found that,already in the first months following the onset of infection, thymicfunction is decreased. Such a decrease...

Research Using Mouse Models Reveals A Novel Key Player In The Initiation Of Colon Cancer

...n the APC gene, mutations in the Foxl1 gene or its targets may dramatically increase the likelihood that the second normal copy of the APC gene is lost or mutated, leading to the initiation of tumor formation. This study sets a new paradigm for gastrointestinal tumorigenesis, in that genetic events outside ...

Key Trigger Of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Found

...urotransmitter transporters may prove to be useful targets for management of opioid dependence," they wrote. The researchers also wrote that, since GABA is a neurotransmitter that inhibits nerve impulses, drugs to inhibit the GABA transporter "could produce their therapeutic effect through altering extracell...

New Treatment Rivals Chemotherapy For Lymphoma, Study Finds

...active antibody injected into the bloodstream that targets and kills cancer cells. Of the 76 patients enrolled in the study, 95 percent responded to the treatment and 75 percent had a complete response, meaning no evidence of cancer remained. More than three-quarters of patients with a complete remission wer...

Protein offers way to stop microscopic parasites in their tracks

...lated protozoa that are also potentially promising targets for inhibitors." ...

Effective Cancer Treatments Follow The Clock

...lock affects the survival of immune cells that are targets of the anti-cancer drug cyclophosphamide (CY). “We became interested in examining this issue because there is a long history of knowledge that chemotherapeutic agents produce different mortality and morbidity at different times of the day,?said Taka...

Potential treatments for neurofibromatosis

...l starve the tumors. "It's much easier to develop targets against a non-malignant cell than it is the malignant cell itself," said Dr. Clapp. That's because the biological activities of non-malignant cells are stable, while malignant cells are constantly changing due to the genetic instability common to tum...

Scientists discuss improved biopesticides for locust control in West Africa

...hogen of locusts and grasshoppers. It specifically targets those insects and does not affect non-target organisms," Vaughan said. "The persistence of base biopesticides is low in the environment because of degradation from sunlight," Agblevor said. "We have developed coating technologies to improve on the e...

Probing the promise and perils of nanoparticles

...wn promise for precisely delivering drugs to their targets inside the body, but high concentrations of these nanoparticles can be toxic. In earlier work, U-M researchers discovered that dendrimers punch nanoscale holes in cell membranes, making the membranes more permeable. At high enough concentrations, the...

Epstein-Barr virus protein crucial to its role in blood cancers

... investigators found that a specific viral protein targets a molecule that normally regulates the cell-cycle progression, or duplication process, of resting B cells. In the presence of this viral protein ?called EBNA3C (for EBV nuclear antigen) ?the cell cycle of the usually quiescent human B cells gets a ju...

Defensins neutralize anthrax toxin

... investigators found that a specific viral protein targets a molecule that normally regulates the cell-cycle progression, or duplication process, of resting B cells. In the presence of this viral protein ?called EBNA3C (for EBV nuclear antigen) ?the cell cycle of the usually quiescent human B cells gets a ju...

Iron exporter revealed that may explain common human disorder

... of hepcidin, a hormone that binds ferroportin and targets it for destruction. Drugs that inhibit or degrade ferroportin might therefore curb the iron overload suffered by those with hemochromatosis, Andrews said. Those with excess iron for other reasons, such as repeated blood transfusions, might also bene...

Nanoscale Diagnostic Sets Sights on Alzheimer's

...ss, unique microparticles latch onto the biomarker targets ?in this study, the ADDLs. The particles are magnetic, a property that aids collection at the end of the procedure. Researchers then add a second ingredient that consists of a gold nanoparticle core surrounded by hundreds of identical DNA strands, wh...

50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel

...cellular activity but until now its 60-or-so known targets were primarily nuclear proteins, mostly involved in gene transcription. "The findings expand the influence of SUMO-related activity in biology," Goldstein said, "a great and exciting surprise." There is still a good deal that we don't understand abo...

Researchers discover chemical compounds that affect plant growth

... "Well-characterized bioactive chemicals and their targets identified in the model plant, Arabidopsis, can be used in non-model species to improve agronomic traits and increase crop value," said research team leader, Distinguished Professor of Plant Cell Biology Natasha Raikhel. The team published its findi...

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