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Tag: "targets" at biology news

Bioartificial kidney under study at MCG

... perform their endless task, which makes them easy targets in the ICU, Dr. Szerlip explains. As examples, kidneys can become ischemic and begin to fail if blood pressure drops because of a long surgery with significant blood loss. Infection can further reduce blood flow to the kidneys. Ironically, some antib...

New, automated tool successfully classifies and relates proteins in unprecedented way

...ens a new way toidentify disease proteins and drug targets by helping to show whichproteins cluster together inside a cell.The approach, developed by Carnegie Mellon University, outperformsexisting visual methods to localize proteins inside cells, saysProfessor Robert F. Murphy, whose report, "Data Mining in...

New binding target for oncogenic viral protein

...d in cancers, deregulation of these oncogenic Fbw7 targets is thought to contribute to cancer. SV40 T antigen... binding to Fbw7, T antigen protects cellular Fbw7 targets that facilitate viral replication and tumorigenesis. "I think this work underlines the importance o...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...ifferent from human enzymes, making them potential targets of inhibitors that could form the basis of new drug therapies," says TIGR President Claire M. Fraser, who supervised the Institute's role in the project. E. histolytica is a voracious predator of bacteria and shares a close relationship in the human...

Combination therapy boosts effectiveness of telomere-directed cancer cell death

... effectivenessof a promising cancer treatment that targets telomeres in an attempt tointerfere with the ability of a cancer cell to continuously divide. Telomeresare DNA sequences found at the ends of chromosomes that play a key rolein controlling the life span of cells. With every cell division,telomeres g...

GATA: a graphic alignment tool for comparative sequence analysis

... effectivenessof a promising cancer treatment that targets telomeres in an attempt tointerfere with the ability of a cancer cell to continuously divide. Telomeresare DNA sequences found at the ends of chromosomes that play a key rolein controlling the life span of cells. With every cell division,telomeres g...

Finding Cures For Tropical Diseases: Is Open Source An Answer?

...rs. Researchers can now identify promising protein targets andsmall sets of chemicals using computation alone."...

Iron Deficiency Sparks Dramatic Changes In Gene Expression

...ssion machineryof more than 80 different genes and targets these molecules, calledmessenger RNA, to be destroyed or degraded. Without messenger RNA, agene cannot translate its genetic code into proteins that carry out itsintended functions.Thiele said the same scenario may occur in human cells, as well, to a...

Scientists find missing enzyme for tuberculosis iron scavenging pathway

... tuberculosis has prompted the search for new drug targets and a better understanding of the mechanism of resistance in this bacterium. Several spans of DNA in the M. tuberculosis genome have been annotated as antibiotic resistance genes due to their sequence similarity to existing antibiotic resistance gen...

Study finds more than one-third of human genome regulated by RNA

...(Prior to this study, there were no known microRNA targets in anyvertebrate.)In their latest paper, taking advantage of the most recentgenome-sequencing data, the team has compared human genome data withthat of the dog, chicken, mouse, and rat. For each of the microRNAs andprotein-coding genes that are commo...

NYU researchers simulate molecular biological clock

...(Prior to this study, there were no known microRNA targets in anyvertebrate.)In their latest paper, taking advantage of the most recentgenome-sequencing data, the team has compared human genome data withthat of the dog, chicken, mouse, and rat. For each of the microRNAs andprotein-coding genes that are commo...

Molecular machine may lead to new drugs to combat human diseases

...have better," Golden said. "It's very hard to find targets in cells because cells are organized in ways we st...nd. This crystal structure shows us where the best targets are for modifying genetic defects." The crystal structure of this Group I intron also will allow sc...

Spider Venom Could Yield Eco-Friendly Insecticides

...ific insect pests by locking on to novel molecular targets in the insect nervous system. Because the insects have never encountered chemicals that behave like spider toxins, they will most likely lack resistance to bioinsecticides derived from funnel-web venom. Another strategy is to insert a gene for encod...

Scientists decipher genome of fungus that can cause life-threatening infections

...us genomesequences and their analysis provide many targets for vaccinedevelopment and drug discovery."Scientists in the C. neoformans research community - including Heitmanat Duke and Jennifer Lodge at Saint Louis University (SLU) School ofMedicine ?say the project already has given impetus to biomedicalrese...

In the sea slug's defense against lobsters, confusion is key

...mical attacks actually work against their intended targets are not well understood by researchers. New work has now shown that such chemical defenses can involve modes of trickery that had not previously been appreciated as components of chemical defense. When attacked by predatory spiny lobsters, sea slugs...

Discovery of key protein's shape could lead to improved bacterial pneumonia vaccine

...em to make antibodies against thereal carbohydrate targets on the bacteria. The problem with suchvaccines is ...nes are so complex that they cancarry carbohydrate targets for only a few specific strains of pneumoniabacteria,?Tuomanen said. “So children are always under-p...

Critical role in programmed cell death identified

...yers we know that are involved, the more potential targets we have for therapeutics," Conradt said. During development, for example, many neurons are built, but after birth, more than half are eliminated in the central nervous system in mammals: "It's a common safeguard, to ensure that neurons talk to the ri...

New comparative toxicogenomics database

...em to make antibodies against thereal carbohydrate targets on the bacteria. The problem with suchvaccines is ...nes are so complex that they cancarry carbohydrate targets for only a few specific strains of pneumoniabacteria,?Tuomanen said. “So children are always under-p...

Taking Aim With Nanoparticle PEBBLEs

...their surfaces, some to guide the PEBBLEs to their targets inside the body, some to enhance their visibility on MRI images, and others to deliver a deadly cargo to cancer cells when triggered by exposure to light. Unlike chemotherapy drugs that attack tumors by invading cancer cells and disrupting their DNA...

Probing The Promise And Perils Of Nanoparticles

...wn promise for precisely delivering drugs to their targets inside the body, but high concentrations of these nanoparticles can be toxic. In earlier work, U-M researchers discovered that dendrimers punch nanoscale holes in cell membranes, making the membranes more permeable. At high enough concentrations, the...

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