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Tag: "target" at biology news

Study shows enzyme builds neurotransmitters via newly discovered pathway

...f these enzymes could represent an attractive drug target for a range of human disorders in which disruption of endocannabinoid signaling by cannabinoid receptor antagonists has proven beneficial." ...

Distinguishing friend from foe in the battle against cancer

...oteins that cause cancer and developing drugs that target those proteins. This work provides another potential direct target for development of cancer drugs." The Hunter lab previously showed that mouse cells lacking tumor ...

First biomarker for human sleepiness identified in fruit flies

...blood and urine, making it an increasingly popular target for diagnostics. Saliva was also an attractive target for Shaw's lab because the brain areas that regulate sleep drive are known to send signals to the br...

U-M researchers use nanoparticles to target brain cancer

...long with iron oxide into nanoparticles that would target cancerous brain tumors. Photofrin is a type of photodynamic therapy, in which the drug is drawn through the blood stream to tumor cells; a special type of laser light activates the drug to attack the tumor. Iron oxide is a contrast agent used to enha...

Report calls for improved monoclonal antibodies against solid tumors

...r solid tumors. Monoclonal antibodies?ability to target a single specific protein on cancer cells, has led to their being called a “magic bullet?that targets only cancer cells while minimizing collateral damage to healthy tissue. That damage causes the toxicity associated with chemotherapy and radiation t...

Hope for a more effective and less toxic cancer drug

... to cancer. Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs target and attempt to kill rapidly dividing cancer cells. This is sometimes successful in halting the disease, but these drugs inevitably damage many normal tissues. Hence, even when the chemotherapy works, the side effects for the patient can be very serio...

U of S Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization team discovers key step in flu virus replication

...r events involved in this process are an excellent target for interventions against influenza. The study revealed novel characteristics of a protein, called NS1, that activates a key pathway in the virus's reproduction. This information will help the researchers learn how to create harmless influenza vi...

Detecting microalgae in coastal waters

...otype of a laser fluorometer that detects multiple target pigments and can differentiate between different types of algae. "Knowledge is power. We hope this instrument will characterize microalgal populations rapidly and easily, for instance for pre-screening samples for the potentially-harmful types d...

The first tree genome is published: Poplar holds promise as renewable bioenergy resource

...re among the many features that led researchers to target poplar as a model crop for biofuels production. "Under optimal conditions, poplars can add a dozen feet of growth each year and reach maturity in as few as four years, permitting selective breeding for large-scale sustainable plantation forestry,"...

Vaccine for brain tumors shows promising results

... designed to reprogram the body's immune system to target only cancer cells bearing this fingerprint. The vaccine is intended to leave healthy tissue unaffected and limit the debilitating side effects typically associated with traditional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Vitespe...

Worms produce surprise insight into human fever

...genic worms, he mapped gene expression in the two target pathways as they came into direct contact with a small zoo of pathogenic microbes. The big surprise was the discovery that the HSF-1 pathway was required for C. elegans immunity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Yersinia pe...

Molecular structure reveals how botulinum toxin attaches to nerve cells

...t the molecular level and provides a promising new target for designing drugs to block the action of botulinum neurotoxins. ...

For crickets, parasitic flies can stop the music

...he fall, perhaps unknowingly avoiding becoming the target of the flies themselves. The findings, reported in a pair of recent papers in the journals Ethology and Animal Behavior, are of interest because they shed light on the interplay between the powerful evolutionary forces of sexual selection and natu...

Nano-devices hold promise for early-stage cancer detection

...communication system for non-invasive screening in target organs systems such as the breast, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract and the relaying of information to an external receiver; developing ingestible and insertable non-invasive imagers for routine screening of pancreatic and gastrointestinal tumor...

Adolescent but not adult hamsters are more aggressive on low dose of fluoxetine

... as attacks, pins, contact time, contact bouts and target of attack. The adult hamsters treated with either dose of fluoxetine became generally more peaceful, attacking less often and for shorter times. However, the juveniles responded differently, both to high and low doses. The low doses actually r...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...tely. Detectors capture the signal as it exits the target and computers re-create a three-dimensional model.... is that we will be able to develop drugs that can target specific kinesins," Endow said. ...

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

...cination of hospital personnel, vaccination of the target community and closure of schools after a smallpox ...ital personnel and post-release vaccination of the target population would further contain the spread of smallpox, but at a cost of many more people being vac...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

...enign cell boosters. Such drugs would specifically target the more benign cells in a tumor to increase their relative fitness over their malignant neighbors. This would allow the benign cells to outcompete the malignant cells, leading to a less aggressive, less dangerous tumor. "Another idea we're pursui...

Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD

...olymers ?is a common chemotherapy strategy used to target and curtail rapidly dividing cancer cells. While ...ensation ," said Desai. "If we could specifically target dividing cells, we should improve on current chemotherapy to treat the cancer with fewer side effect...

First-time analysis reveals millions of Europeans left at risk from influenza

... which leads to an average vaccination rate of the target population of 35.4% based on current supply constraints As a consequence up to 144.4 million people who are considered "at risk" may not be vaccinated. Implementing a 100% vaccination rate programme for all risk groups across the EU-25 would l...

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