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Tag: "takes" at biology news

Plant genes identified that can form basis for crops better adapted to environmental conditions

... absorb. As early as 1937, scientists knew that it takes only 4 months for a single rye plant to produce some 13 million individual roots! But up to now, the genetic basis of this complex process has remained unexplained. The production of new roots is a complex combination of cell division, growth and di...

HIV inserts into human genome using a DNA-associated protein

...of a mechanism that dictates where HIV integration takes place. Previous studies at other institutions showed that LEDGF binds tightly to HIV integrase, the enzyme that's important for the integration reaction. Now, Penn researchers showed in this study that the way LEDGF binds to HIV integrase and to spec...

Plant wounds trigger bacteria

...y may lead to a cure for crown gall disease, which takes a large economic toll on fruit and wine-grape crops each year. "Mutant forms of Agrobacterium are also widely used in agricultural biotechnology for their ability to create transgenic plants containing new genes of scientific or economic interest...

Retinal scans eyed for New Mexico show cattle

...y and requires a complex laboratory procedure that takes time," he said. "Also, hair samples have been lost in transit." Among the show cattle, researchers found that the retinal scans proved a near-perfect animal ID technology because of its speed and accuracy, Encinias said. However, the eye-scans might...

Mammalian Transcriptome Mapped

... to be rare, but the transcriptome reveals that it takes place to an extent that few could have imagined. "Instead of it being a rare phenomenon, we are showing that it is a massively abundant phenomenon," says Wahlestedt. "It is the rule rather than the exception." This discovery has significant implicat...

The Antarctic Ocean floor

...e Box-corer is cast and once it hits the bottom it takes a 50cm x 50cm sample thereof for subsequent analysis on deck. With this sample we can quantify the number of each species per square metre, its biomass, and so on. Thus it is known as a quantified sample of the ocean floor. When the samples arrive o...

Student scientists create living bacterial photographs

.... After about 12-15 hours of exposure (the time it takes for a bacterial population to grow and fill the Petri dish), the light projector is removed. What's left is a living photograph. Bacteria in the lighted regions of the Petri dish don't produce the pigment and appear light. Those in the dark regio...

Seafloor creatures destroyed by ice action during ice ages

...years. This means that full community recuperation takes up to hundreds of years.' Dr Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand explained: 'Until now it was commonly thought that the destructive action of the ice sheets was not significant enough to eradicate all the fauna and that desolate patches were recolonised from s...

Gene therapy may protect normal tissues during radiation retreatment for lung cancer

...years. This means that full community recuperation takes up to hundreds of years.' Dr Claus-Dieter Hillenbrand explained: 'Until now it was commonly thought that the destructive action of the ice sheets was not significant enough to eradicate all the fauna and that desolate patches were recolonised from s...

A little telomerase isn't enough

...had dangerously short telomeres. "We know it only takes one critically short telomere to make a cell die, so it's clear that the more really short telomeres a person has the faster problems will develop," says Greider, whose lab reported the role of the critically short telomere in 2001. The usual treat...

Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential

... extract by a process called chromatography, which takes advantage of the different chemical characteristic...vailable on the market, Kubanek said. It typically takes at least a decade from the discovery of a compound to the marketing of a new drug. If that does happ...

Nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanotubes: How tiny specks may provide powerful tools against cancer

...lty they work with, nanotechnology to treat cancer takes advantage of much of the biology already known about the disease, and marries it to a suite of techniques based on next era technology. Targeting Breast Cancer and Metastases with a Combination of LHRH and Lytic Peptide, Hecate, bound to Iron Oxid...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...s found that a single genetic change can be all it takes to turn one species into many, as in the case of the Alaskan stickleback fish that lost its armor and evolved from an ocean-loving species to a variety of landlocked lake dwellers. Beyond the genome, researchers watched evolution in action among a n...

Plants have a double line of defence

...have to get through. If PEN2 is missing, the plant takes a drastic step: the cell dies together with its attacker, which protects the neighbouring plant tissue from infection. In this deadly line of defence, very different proteins play a key role ?particularly EDS1, PAD4 and SAG101. They were already kno...

Genetic defenders protect crops from fungal disease

...tiple pathogens." Once a powdery mildew infection takes hold, it covers the plant with fuzzy splotches, while sapping precious nutrients. At the cellular level, the fungal spores invade healthy plant cells and form root-like feeding structures called haustoria. The plant cell wall is the primary barrier t...

Genetic testing still smart choice, despite uncertainties

...ograms to illustrate the different paths an embryo takes as it develops. While half of embryos turn out normal, with no mosaicism, the other half produce irregular cells as they divide. Embryos that become mosaic after their cells divide twice typically stop progressing by the time they have accumulated ...

Free-energy theory borne out in large-scale protein folding

...er diseases, so mapping the normal route a protein takes - and finding the off-ramps that might lead to misfolding ?are vitally important," Wittung-Stafshede said. Rice's studies were carried out on monomeric lactose repressor protein, or MLAc, a variant of the protein used by E. coli to regulate expressi...

Womb needed for proper brain development

...maturation of the brain may be compromised when it takes place outside of the womb," said Witelson, holder of the Albert Einstein/Irving Zucker Chair in Neuroscience at McMaster. "We found that in very premature babies, a part of the brain doesn't show normal growth after birth, and in fact some parts of ...

Molecular research suggest shift needed in how some drugs are created

...omain is a death domain, and molecular recognition takes place in the same fashion," said lead author Michael V. Lasker, an M.D./Ph.D. student in the College of Medicine at Urbana-Champaign. "But the crystal structure of our death domain clearly shows that indeed this is not the case." The crystal structu...

Researchers show key protein necessary for normal development of red blood cells

...bin genes, and finally the adult form, beta-globin takes control following birth. Lloyd and Priyadarshi Basu, Ph.D., lead investigator at VCU, and the research team compared mice that were missing the gene for KLF2 to normal mice. They found that the KLF2-deficient mice produced embryonic red blood cells ...

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