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Tag: "systems" at biology news

U of MN researchers find novel genes critical in organ development

...hat are implicated in the development of different systems and processes, such as blood and blood vessel development, formation of the eyes and ears, and metabolism of lipids, or fats. In addition, instead of just examining what happens with one specific gene if it is turned on or off, they were able to ...

A simple feedback resistor switch keeps latent HIV from awakening

...e authors suggest, are likely to be found in other systems that must rapidly alternate between two states while resisting noise in the environment. Their model may also provide an explanation for some puzzling observations about Tat and HIV. Tat contains at least two acetylation sites that must both be deace...

Steep oxygen decline halted first land colonization by Earth's sea creatures

... descendants, modern birds, is more efficient than systems used by other organisms," Ward said. He and his colleagues tested that hypothesis by examining the breathing system used by birds. They found that at sea level birds breathe 30 percent more efficiently than mammals and at 5,000 feet in elevation b...

Complexity constrains evolution of human brain genes

...l increasingly take advantage of the approaches of systems biology, Wu suggested. "The slowdown in genetic ...gans makes sense," he said, "only when one takes a systems perspective."...

A reason why video games are hard to give up

...ven before the latest Wii, PlayStation 3, and Xbox systems emerged--surpass the money made from Hollywood films annually. A range of demographic groups plays video games, and key to understanding their enjoyment is the motivational pull of the games. Four groups of people were asked to play different...

Scientists find a key to immune system's ability to remember

...mune diseases and transplant patients whose immune systems reject donor organs. The protein, which scientists call Lck, is essential for immune system T cells -- white blood cells that attack virus-infected cells, foreign cells and cancer cells -- to cement the memory induced by cell surface sensors know...

MIT creates 3-D scaffold for growing stem cells

... to move on from two-dimensional dishes to culture systems that better represent the natural context of cells in tissues and organs," said Zhang, whose coauthors on the paper, in addition to Gelain, are from institutes and medical schools in Milan, Italy. Life in two dimensions Biomedical researchers ...

Microcapsules like it hot and salty

...e as possible. This requires intelligent transport systems which initially enclose the active substances and then release them at the location where they are to be effective given the presence of certain conditions. Scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam are working on a...

Better sludge through metagenomics

... first step in a much broader strategy employing a systems biology approach to the study of microbial communities with the goal of designing predictive models to understand how these communities function," said Hector Garcia Martin, lead author of the study and post-doctoral fellow in the DOE JGI's Microbial...

Cougar predation key to ecosystem health

...animals is more fully understood. In systems with wild ungulates, the sustainability of riparian habitats and biodiversity may require both predation on these herbivores as well as the fear of predation to further affect their behavior, the researchers concluded. Ripple and Beschta consi...

Biotech cotton provides same yield with fewer pesticides

...ily be good somewhere else.' We need to study many systems carefully before we can generalize." ...

How nature tinkers with the cellular clock

... surprising is the speed at which these regulatory systems evolve. We are talking about roughly 100 million y...ern also the control of other temporally regulated systems like embryonic development. The fast evolution of temporal regulation also raises the question in ho...

Adults who go to bed lonely get stress hormone boost next morning

...kin to influence their biology and health. "Stress systems are designed to translate social experience into b...t. The overarching question of my studies of these systems in a variety of contexts is whether overuse of these systems plays a role in disease outcomes."...

Common carp sheds new light on surviving in extreme environments

...al models can give vital information on how living systems work. The carp is an unusual animal because it routinely copes with very challenging conditions that would harm or even kill lesser creatures. This is because the fish has evolved in small-to-medium sized ponds in a harsh continental-type climate i...

The secret lives of sea slugs

...testing grounds for a lot of ideas for how nervous systems work," says Wyeth. "Field work with this organism is helpful because it gives you a good idea of how to set things up in the lab." Observations of the slug's natural behaviors and the sensory cues that trigger them also add exciting new context for ...

Researchers discover how bacteria sense their environments

... Scientists are interested in developing synthetic systems with such sensing properties as well as engineering bacteria that respond to stimuli such as pollutants or explosives. Using a combination of X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of receptors and enzymes and a novel spectroscopic techniq...

Beaver dams create healthy downstream ecosystems

... hydrologic effects downstream likely affect river systems worldwide. ...

NAU researchers chirping over discovery of new cricket genus

...characterizing the ecological communities of these systems as well as understanding how these ecosystems function," he said. "We have much to learn." Wynne, an assistant curator with the Colorado Plateau Museum of Arthropod Biodiversity, has two cave projects under way at the USGS. He is developing methods ...

Surprising symbiosis: Glassy-winged sharpshooter eats with friends

... animal-bacterial symbioses to understand how such systems originate and work. "Symbiosis is a pervasive strategy in biological systems and we still do not understand the rules of how it works." "This is why this sharpshooter symbiosis...

Robots manipulating animal behaviour

...g those working on nanotechnology. Moreover, these systems are in keeping with emerging European research such as collective robotics and FET-funded projects such as Swarmbots. "We believe farming in Europe can only survive if is associated with high technology," he adds, pointing to a potential increase in...

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