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Tag: "systems" at biology news

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

...he virus are the very young and those whose immune systems are compromised due to HIV/AIDS, cancer or some other medical condition. An estimated 50 million Americans fall into this category, Longini said. ...

Exposure to dioxins influences male reproductive system, study of Vietnam veterans concludes

...e, may disturb the male endocrine and reproductive systems in several ways. "Until now, we did not have very good evidence whether or not dioxins affect the human reproductive system," said Dr. Amit Gupta, a urologist at UT Southwestern and the study's lead author. "Now we know that there is a link betwee...

Researchers discover key mechanism by which lethal viruses Ebola and Marburg cause disease

...t the ability of these viruses to shut down immune systems and make them vulnerable to the body's natural defenses. "This brilliant study shows that many viruses, including HIV, use a similar mechanism to disarm their victims," said Gerald Weissmann, MD, Editor-in-Chief of The FASEB Journal. "The Columb...

UCSD researchers discover internal compass of immune cell

... Conversely, drugs that boost these amplification systems and the internal compass could be used to coax neutrophils to migrate to infected wounds to improve wound healing. ...

Fighting like a girl or boy determined by gene in fruit flies

...said, such studies form a potential bridge between systems neuroscience studies of behavior and modern molecular neuroscience research into individual neurons and synapses. ...

Soil nutrition affects carbon sequestration in forests

...ys to predict what happens to carbon within forest systems and how this partitioning is affected by environmental conditions."...

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

...sting them in caterpillars to see how their immune systems respond. This new technique known as Rapid Virulen...m are using the similarities between insect immune systems and animal immune systems to their advantage by developing RVA - a new way to investigate the geneti...

Genomic comparison of lactic acid bacteria published

...ow into the sugar metabolism and energy conversion systems of LAB, and the evolution of these systems, which helped identify key enzymes involved in the production of end products including acetic acid, lactic acid, ethanol, and CO2." "This work represents a hallmark in the genomic and bioinformatic chara...

Common cold virus leads to death in lung transplant patients

...ar. Lung transplant patients, with impaired immune systems due to drugs to halt rejection, are at potentially higher risk from the virus. "Our evidence demonstrates that rhinoviral disease is not exclusively limited to the upper respiratory tract," said Dr. Kaiser. "It can also lead to lower respiratory c...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...hat may be different between people whose dopamine systems responded differently to pain. They also have recently received funding from the National institute of Drug Abuse to study individual variation in the effects and use of opioid painkiller drugs among people with chronic pain. ...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

... Toxins The human immune system is actually two systems developed at different points in human evolution. White blood cells of the more primitive innate system, like neutrophils and macrophages, form the first line of defense against disease. They swarm to the injury to engulf and destroy bacteria with t...

Mirrors in the mind: New studies elucidate how the brain reflects onto itself the actions of others

...ation. While the relationship between motor mirror systems and empathy skills is far from clear, these findings are consistent with the existence of a link between the two. Though mirror neurons appear to relate--and, potentially, equate--the actions of oneself with those of another, we are in fact highly ...

New dwarf buffalo discovered by chance in the Philippines

...ain to be discovered in the poorly explored island systems of tropical Southeast Asia." The discovery of B. cebuensis supports the hypothesis that the tamaraw evolved to a small size due to its island habitat. Further, the fact that B. cebuensis lived on a smaller island than the tamaraw and evolved into a...

How ants find their way

...fellow, Chief Executive of BBSRC, said: "Cognitive systems research gives us the opportunity to learn more about the ways that animals, including humans, process information to learn, reason, make decisions and communicate. BBSRC is working with other Research Councils and funders to support new interdiscipl...

Paramecia adapt their swimming to changing gravitational force

...will allow researchers to subject small biological systems to gravitational effects similar to those encountered in space, allowing less expensive and more complex experiments on the biological response to altered gravity. ...

How brain injury leads to seizures, memory problems

... a gatekeeper in maintaining a balance between two systems of neurotransmitters in the brain: the glutamate system and the gamma-aminobutyric acid system, abbreviated GABA(A). Glutamate stimulates neurons to fire, while GABA(A) inhibits that activity. "When lower levels of the KCC2 transporter weaken the den...

Therapeutic role found for carbon monoxide

... gas emitted from auto exhausts and faulty heating systems ?has proven effective in treating the symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), an extremely debilitating condition that typically leads to right heart failure and eventual death. The new findings, made in an animal study led by researchers...

China's environmental challenges

..., putting the country's already fragile freshwater systems under greater strain. The authors wonder: will China "?.continue down the same road as in the past two decades, or will environmental quality, energy efficiency, and the conservation of resources no longer be sacrificed at the altar of economic deve...

'Killer' B cells demonstrate evolutionary link between fish and mammal immune systems

...ered a unique evolutionary link between the immune systems of fish and mammals in the form of a primitive ver...lls retained their digestive traits. "The immune systems of amphibians and fish are far less advanced than ours," Sunyer said. "When you only have a rudimen...

Study offers innovative profile of enzyme that aids tumor growth

...tage of metabolite profiling in natural biological systems is that it circumvents some of the most time-consu...mes like KIAA1363 could be done directly in living systems through the integrated application of profiling technologies that survey both the enzymatic proteome...

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