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Tag: "systems" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon scientists use 'green' approach to transform plastics manufacturing

...r applications ranging from targeted drug delivery systems to resilient paint coatings. The revolutionary improvement in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) now enables large-scale production of many specialty plastics, according to the scientists, whose work appears in a special issue of the Procee...

Computer scientists unravel 'language of surgery'

...uitive Surgical's da Vinci Surgical Systems. These systems allow a surgeon, seated at a computer workstation, to guide robotic tools to perform minimally invasive procedures involving the heart, the prostate and other organs. Although only a tiny fraction of hospital operations involve the da Vinci, the devi...

Researchers in Montréal and the US create model of key immune-system component

... of the immune system. For the first time, using a systems biology approach, they have developed a model that... resources and apply promising new approaches like systems biology." As Dr. Stuart explains, "Phagocytes are immune system cells that internalize, kill, and...

Scientists explore how complex organs develop from a simple bud

... branching morphogenesis occurs in different organ systems in the same species. They also compare the process between simple and complex organisms. Key questions within the reviews --pertaining to the maintenance and repair of cells within adult branched organs, the role of cells only transiently associate...

'Allergy cells' can aggravate cancer and psoriasis

...otein, which is found on the surface of the immune systems T-lymphocytes amongst other places, can stimulate mast cells to release proteins that regulate the recruitment of inflammatory cells. Since it is already known that levels of CD30 are higher in people with psoriasis or atopical eczema and with Hodgki...

Lab-on-a-chip could speed up treatment of drug-resistant pneumonia

... in hospitals, where patients with weakened immune systems can pick up obstinate, life-threatening infections such as pneumonia. "When you get pneumonia in the hospital, you're much more likely to get a resistant strain," Lochhead said. "It's an emerging public-health disaster." The most acute cases are a...

Embryonic patterning makes the feathers fly

... To understand patterning on the molecular and the systems level, the researchers looked at how feather patterns are laid down in embryonic chickens. Feathers, or more properly feather buds, will appear on the skin of the developing embryo wherever fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is activated. The mystery has...

New system could drastically reduce herbicide use

...o graduate students were working on remote sensing systems for a CFAR (Council on Food and Agricultural Research) project. "We were collecting field data from satellite imagery, such as soil moisture and plant conditions, but we needed to have ground reference data to validate that information," said Tian...

Unraveling where chimp and human brains diverge

... word relates to the other. So instead we used a systems biology approach to study each gene within its context." The scientists identified networks of genes that correspond to specific brain regions. When they compared these networks between humans and chimps, they found that the gene networks differ...

Technology exists to keep E. coli out of food

... and wipes out E. coli. While electrolyzed water systems are not new, this system, developed by a team of Russian scientists, is unique because it produces a pH-neutral solution that won't cause deterioration or off-flavors when sprayed on food. The system is environmentally friendly; its only outputs are ...

Nanoparticle assembly enters the fast lane

...f these miniscule particles into larger functional systems remains a major challenge for scientists. The Brookhaven results, published online on October 11, 2006, by the Journal of the American Chemical Society, are a step in that direction. "Understanding how to self-assemble these types of nanomaterials h...

Stem cells found in adult hair follicles may provide alternative to embryonic stem cells

...lly give rise to the autonomic and enteric nervous systems along with endocrine cells, bone and smooth muscle cells. The cells can be isolated from the hair follicle bulge as multipotent stem cells, and then expanded in culture into millions of cells without losing stem cell markers. "We grafted the cells...

Climate experts search for answers in the oceans

...sured independently by several different satellite systems into a set of products that represent the best possible measurements and allow researchers from various fields to pool their efforts in an attempt to understand how the climate is reacting to changes. "Clues to climatic changes may already be writte...

Novel regulatory mechanism identified for key tumor suppressor p53

...regulatory mechanism at work in many other protein systems over the next few years. Interestingly, only one other study has shown a role for methylation in regulating p53. In that study, a methyl group added to a specific site on p53 called K372 was shown to activate the tumor-suppressor molecule rather th...

Engineer ramps up protein production, develops versatile viral spheres

...in-making parts out of cells and putting them into systems to mass-produce designer proteins for a wide variety of medical uses. At the annual meeting of the American Chemical Society (ACS) Sept. 13 in San Francisco, Stanford engineering Professor James Swartz will discuss advances in such "cell-free" protei...

Squid-inspired design could mean better handling of underwater vehicles

...many designers are trying to devise better docking systems for underwater vehicles, but Mohseni said he and his collaborators wanted to improve the watercrafts' actual maneuvering capabilities. "We didn't want to treat the symptom alone," he said. "We made it our goal to resolve a widespread problem." ...

Research holds promise for herpes vaccine

...ord said. "There's not enough there for our immune systems to build a protective response against the actual virus." Halford, 38, is aware that his approach is controversial. "This is where I'm young enough that I don't know how long it can take to swing popular opinion among scientists and clinicians,...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

...e of that function, but now we see it's more about systems that are cooperating on one task, then they switch over and cooperate on another task," said UCSF's Kirsch. "On the fly you want to link these areas to do a task, and when the task is over, you want to decouple them and let them link up with someone ...

Nano-devices hold promise for early-stage cancer detection

...he resulting micro-labs could contain miniaturized systems for fluid filtration, DNA extraction, cell process...system for non-invasive screening in target organs systems such as the breast, pancreas and gastrointestinal tract and the relaying of information to an extern...

Adolescent but not adult hamsters are more aggressive on low dose of fluoxetine

...han adults, there may not be enough of it in their systems for the SSRI to work effectively. In addition, the researchers are investigating whether changing ratios of different subtypes of serotonin receptors ?some of which inhibit and some of which enhance aggression -- are implicated in the findings of hi...

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