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Tag: "system" at biology news

New vaccine prevents CMV infection and disease in mice

...esponses. We found a way to teach the host immune system to not be tricked by the virus.” She added that t...g disabilities. Because the host’s natural immune system can protect from the disease but can’t rid the body of the virus, people remain infected and can bec...

St. Jude study shows genes play an unexpected role in their own activation

...ke a plumber who turns on the water flow in a pipe system by using a certain tool,” Brindle said. “What we discovered is that the CREB ‘plumber’ requires different tools to turn on different genes; and that each gene determines which set of co-factor tools from CREB’s toolbox it will respond to.” In ord...

How plague-causing bacteria disarm host defense

...eria species find their way past the body's immune system through a sophisticated invasion system that injects the effector proteins directly into the host cell's cytoplasm. "More than a decade a...

Experimental gene therapy 'abolishes' arthritis pain and lessens joint damage

... virus (FIV), a lentivirus that attacks the immune system of cats. It resembles HIV in humans, but is incapa... one joint can spread, through the central nervous system (CNS), to other joints. Worse yet, joint arthritis may export inflammation to the brain, where it pl...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

...tion with hosts, which involves evading the immune system and countering antibiotics — to the single-minded opportunistic approach of C. botulinum....

'Smart' mice teach scientists about learning process, brain disorders

...t’s been shown that it can be done, but we put the system together and actually applied it." Normally, Cdk5 works with another enzyme to break up a molecule called NR2B, which is found in nerve-cell membranes and stimulates the cell to fire when a nerve-cell-signaling molecule, or neurotransmitter, binds...

Cytomegalovirus exacerbates atherosclerosis through an autoimmune mechanism

...its ability to activate cells of the innate immune system involved in the initial phases of the disease. This new study therefore confirms that antibodies directed against Cytomegalovirus-derived proteins purified from patients with coronary artery disease induce endothelial cells damage and support the ...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...ed the receptor in cells of the peripheral nervous system that is most responsible for the body's ability to...interacting with the aspect of the sensory nervous system that's related to cold detection," says Julius. The current study, he says -- led by Diana M. Bau...

NASA-funded robotic sub finds bottom of world's deepest sinkhole

...am. "We hit our technical objectives in creating a system that could explore and map autonomously." In addition to gathering information regarding geothermal sinkholes, DEPTHX tested technologies and methods that might be useful in other underwater explorations, including the long-term possibility of exp...

Philandering female felines forgo fidelity

...fathered by more than one male, revealing a mating system that deviates from those used by other carnivores, most of which consist of single or sibling males monopolizing many females. “It seems that female cheetahs are highly promiscuous with no detectable mate fidelity between breeding seasons,” said D...

Smallpox outbreak: How long would it take for vaccines to protect people? Would it work?

...ne made by Bavarian Nordic to stimulate the immune system against smallpox. "Vaccines prevent disease by giving the body a jump-start at recognizing the infecting virus or bacteria," said Sharon Frey, M.D., the principal investigator for the study at Saint Louis University. "After successful vaccination,...

Early exposure to indoor fungus molecules may protect infants against future allergies

... enough microbial components to trigger the immune system response." The UC team reports their findings ...and fungal glucans—can stimulate the body’s immune system to produce infection- and allergy-fighting substances. Because of this, Iossifova says, people shoul...

Mice with a migraine show signs of brain damage

...e the finding, the team used a sophisticated laser system known as two-photon imaging to look at the activity of live cells in the intact brain of a mouse. They combined that with a new technique to precisely measure how brain cells allocate and use energy. ...

Ecology in an era of globalization

...ith the changes, including an ecological knowledge system to facilitate access to new and existing sources of ecological information throughout the world. Frederick Meyerson (University of Rhode Island, US), Leticia Merino (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico), and Jorge Durand (...

Scripps research team sheds light on long-sought cold sensation gene

...ighlights the importance of the peripheral nervous system and how temperature affects our behavior," he says. The altered mice also showed little response to the application of acetone to their hindpaw, which causes an unpleasant cold sensation, while the acetone caused normal mice to flick their paw a...

Protein enables discovery of quantum effect in photosynthesis

...ency of the energy transfer because it enables the system to simultaneously sample all the potential energy pathways and choose the most efficient one." Fleming is also a professor of chemistry at UC Berkeley, and an internationally acclaimed leader in spectroscopic studies of the photosynthetic process....

Gene malfunctions cause schizophrenia, depression symptoms in mice

...groups. Indeed, these mice could represent a model system to explore novel treatment and preventative strategies for certain symptoms of major mental illness," they wrote. "We have shown that two independent missense mutations in mouse Disc1 elicit distinct physiological, pharmacological, neuroanatomical...

Scientists discover rare 'gene-for-gene' interaction that helps bacteria kill their host

...ant advances in understanding how the human immune system works." As part of their innate immune system, insects use an enzyme called phenoloxidase to produce reactive molecules that kill bacteria and then encapsulate them in a dense coat of black pigment called melanin. The researchers found that Pho...

Novel system developed to turn data into real-time, interactive 3-D images

..., developed the technology. "We believe the system we have developed can move rapidly into a clinical...ody’s structures or disease processes. The new system will be available commercially and improve upon current technology, in terms of image quality and co...

Vaccine prevents prion disease in mice

...similar to proteins found normally that the immune system does not fight them off. To develop a vaccine that would stimulate the mice's immune system, researchers attached prion proteins to a genetically modified strain of Salmonella. For the study, the mice were orally vaccinated with a safe, attenuate...

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