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Tag: "synthetic" at biology news

Agent slows aging in mice

...r did two other potential anti-aging agents. But a synthetic derivative of a pungent desert shrub is now a front- runner in ongoing animal experiments to find out if certain chemicals, known to inhibit inflammation, cancer and other destructive processes, can boost the odds of living longer. Today at the annu...

How sneaky HIV escapes cells

...t of the cell. However, if they were replaced with synthetic membrane anchors and clumping domains Gag regained its ability to get out of cells in exosomes. Gould speculates that cells may have initially developed exosomes as a quality control mechanism to get rid of clumped proteins, which are generally b...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...er a two-year period is believed to be the largest synthetic one ever built, and it successfully produces large... PfMDR1 protein, in its proper sequence, from this synthetic gene. They previously used this same technique to create and express a synthetic version of the much...

Pesticides choke pathway for nature to produce nitrogen for crops

...ignificant declines in both crop yield per unit of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer added and also a significant d...source is not replaced by increased application of synthetic nitrogen fertilizer, then crop yields are reduced and/or more growing time is needed for these crops...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...e chips being used represent a new environment for synthetic organic chemistry, changing the way chemists and b...or sites. "We believe we can move most of modern synthetic organic chemistry to this electrochemically addressable chip. In this way, a wide variety of molecul...

Scientists identify prion's infectious secret

...o further verify these results, Tessier accessed a synthetic yeast prion, one that another research group had a...c fungi prion. Earlier studies had shown that this synthetic prion could cross the species barrier but did not identify the mechanism. Tessier found that this sy...

DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis

...could identify the correct answer by comparing the synthetic datasets to the corresponding isolate genomes." "This paper provides an extremely useful survey of tools and existing approaches for metagenome analysis and points out their weaknesses," said Natalia Maltsev, of the Bioinformatics Group, Mathemati...

Natural antibiotics yield secrets to atom-level imaging technique

... providing clues for modifications that might make synthetic AMPs even more effective in overcoming ever-increasing bacterial resistance. For instance, rearranging parts of the molecule might make it fit into the membrane better, resulting in greater effectiveness with smaller amounts of AMP. "Our overall m...

Scientists genetically engineer tomatoes with enhanced folate content

...uch as rice, flour and cornmeal be enriched with a synthetic form of folate known as folic acid. Folate deficiencies remain a problem in many underdeveloped countries, however, where adding folic acid is impractical or simply too expensive. "There are even folate deficiency issues in Europe, where additi...

Fascinating spider silk

...ic level. No phase separation was observed for the synthetic spider protein when the pH was maintained at an alkaline level. At high pH, the normally uncharged tyrosine groups in the protein are deprotonated, which gives them a negative charge. This charge weakens the interactions between the hydrophobic, lipo...

Navigable nanotransport

...pheres and most methods require a lengthy, tedious synthetic or purification procedure. Korean researchers led by Kimoon Kim have now developed a very simple novel approach for the direct production of polymeric nanocapsules. As described in the journal Angewandte Chemie, this method is generally applicable to...

Penn researchers show how nanocylinders deliver medicine better than nanospheres

... used skinny cylindrical nanoparticles composed of synthetic polymers to deliver the anticancer drug paclitaxel to a human lung tumor tissue implanted in mice. The cylinders have diameters as small as 20 nm and lengths approaching the size of blood cells. The paclitaxel shrunk the tumors and, because the cylin...

New compound prevents alcoholic behavior, relapse in animals by blocking stress response

...xcessive drinking and prevents relapse. The new, synthetic compound, known as MTIP, also muted the anxiety that typically develops in rats experiencing the equivalent of a hangover. Such stress is linked with higher levels of a brain chemical called corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), which is also thought...

Woven scaffolds could improve cartilage repair

...e procedure, the researchers said. "By taking a synthetic material that already has the properties of cartilage and combining it with living cells, we can build a human tissue that can be integrated rapidly into the body, representing a new approach in the field of tissue engineering," Moutos said. "Once...

Synthetic peptide targets latent papilloma virus infections

... short peptide that binds to E2 in hopes that this synthetic peptide would prevent E2, and thus the viral plasm...ng cultured cells, the researchers showed that the synthetic peptide did indeed prevent HPV from following the chromosomes into daughter cells. The plasmids were...

Progress toward artificial photosynthesis?

...to be able to use CO2 as a carbon source for their synthetic reactions, but it doesn’t work just like that. A t... Antonietti, " is one of the biggest challenges in synthetic chemistry." The bonds in this molecule are very stable, so a lot of energy is needed to split them. ...

Turning green gunk to gold, anti-cancer gold

Combining synthetic chemistry techniques with a knowledge of the prope...ic chemists got busy trying to find ways to make a synthetic form of the compound in large enough quantities for clinical trials. Developing an efficient syn...

Homing pigeons get their bearings from their beaks

... device. The main problem, however, lies in their synthetic production. According to Gerta Fleissner and her colleagues, "Even though birds have been producing these particles for millions of years, the main problem for scientists who want to find benefits from their use will be the technical production of t...

Natural gut hormone offers hope for new obesity drug

... and colleague Dr Caroline Small hope to develop a synthetic form of PP which can be administered to patients. "The trouble with PP is that it would need to be injected daily and cannot be taken as a pill," says Dr Small. "Naturally, this is not very convenient, so we need to develop an injectable form that ...

Erectile dysfunction in diabetes is due to selective defect in the brain

...nisms within the PVN. This defect is a loss in the synthetic enzyme for the production of NO within the neurons of the PVN. Restoring this synthetic enzyme may have a significant therapeutic value for diabetic patients with ED. ...

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