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Tag: "synthesize" at biology news

Discovery in orange cauliflower may lead to more nutritious crops

...liflower and many staple crops have the ability to synthesize beta-carotene, they are limited partially because they lack a "metabolic sink," or a place to store the compound. Developing staple crops with more vitamin A is important because vitamin A deficiency, common in developing countries, leads to compro...

Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin

...ord blood-derived stem cells can be engineered" to synthesize insulin. "This discovery tells us that we have ...e insulin, which allows the body to utilize sugar, synthesize proteins and store neutral fats, or lipids. "But we’re a long way from that," Denner warned. Den...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...his approach be used to make the more difficult to synthesize shaped molecules needed for mapping a receptor? This would require a diverse array of reactions to be compatible with the chips, particularly reactions that capitalized on modern, state-of-the-art metal-based reagents. Working with his students, Mo...

Woman's Day and For Womens of Science

..., assembled into four expert panels, to review and synthesize the major mercury science findings. Every member of all four scientific panels endorsed the declaration, he said. Wiener added that all 1,150 participants at the conference were invited to express their confidence in the experts' findings, and the ...

Mercury contamination of fish warrants worldwide public warning

..., assembled into four expert panels, to review and synthesize the major mercury science findings. Every member of all four scientific panels endorsed the declaration, he said. Wiener added that all 1,150 participants at the conference were invited to express their confidence in the experts' findings, and the ...

Scientists create dual-modality microbeads to improve identification of disease biomarkers

...dual-modality magneto-optical beads. Nie and Sathe synthesize the quantum dots in different colors by varying their size, giving the beads a unique optical signature. Having different color beads allows the researchers to detect several target molecules at the same time in the same liquid sample. "We use the...

Stretching DNA to the limit

...and interact with the transcriptional machinery to synthesize proteins. Marszalek and his colleagues have also examined synthetic DNA to figure out the extent to which different bases are affected by UV light. They conclude that the changes in the force profile of viral DNA exposed to UV light are due to the lo...

MIT biologists solve vitamin puzzle

...f an enzyme known as BluB that leaves it unable to synthesize B12. BluB catalyzes the formation of the B12 fr...o be explored is the question of why soil bacteria synthesize B12 at all, Walker said. Soil microorganisms don't require B12 to survive, and the plants they attac...

Faster, low cost sequencing technologies needed to drive era of personalized medicine

...oof of principal for their approach. They plan to synthesize a universal DNA nanoarray on a 100 micrometer by 100 micrometer chip, about the size of a dust mite, by 2009. The award to Zhang and his team was one of nine grants given by the NIH to achieve the $1,000 genome goal. Zhang's effort also joins two...

Bacteria in small sea life yield new way to make potential cancer drugs

... compounds through single mutations in DNA." To synthesize natural compounds, researchers have traditionally ...s." Sea squirts live with diverse bacteria that synthesize many small molecules. By examining the natural chemical and genetic diversity found in sea squirts a...

Solution to bacterial mystery promises new drugs

...wed that gram-positive pathogens first use PlsX to synthesize a compound called fatty acyl-phosphate, then use PlsY to transfer the fatty acid to G3P. These steps initiate membrane phospholipid formation required for cell growth. "Our discovery of PlsX and PlsY not only solved a troublesome mystery," Rock said...

Common ancestry of bacterium and plants could be key to an effective new treatment for chlamydia

...to produce lysine is probably used by Chlamydia to synthesize a chemical found in bacterial cell walls. It is the synthesis of cell walls that is inhibited by penicillin. This discovery points to the likelihood that, if researchers could find an inhibitor for L,L-diaminopimelate aminotransferase they would hav...

How mammals fuel milk production may have implications for cancer

...Akt is specifically required for lactating mice to synthesize sufficient quantities of milk to support their off...ds down—in order to have the metabolic capacity to synthesize large quantities of milk. Earlier studies by the researchers found that the protein kinase Akt1 r...

BC catalyst discovery promises faster, cheaper drug production

...ugs, especially in large quantities, to be able to synthesize single-handed compounds with high selectivity; ideally, none of the opposite hand should be around. This way, the unfavorable properties of one enantiomer are eliminated without diluting the desired enantiomer's benefits. What the Hoveyda-Snapper te...

Researchers use multiphoton microscopy to watch chromosomes in action

...nge their form in order to activate their genes to synthesize key proteins in fruit fly cells. The advance could be a significant step toward understanding the basic processes that underlie gene expression. The discovery was the result of cross-disciplinary collaboration between Webb and John Lis, Cornell's Ba...

Solved: The mystery of flesh-eating bacteria's relentless attack

...eria were not producing the peptide, we decided to synthesize it ourselves and give it to mice infected with M14." The mice receiving this peptide survived at a much higher rate than mice that did not receive it. The team also observed many white blood cells at the infection site in mice receiving the peptid...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

... of malonyl-CoA in the liver causes those cells to synthesize fat, which is stored. Increasing malonyl-CoA in the hypothalamus somehow tells the cells in the body to break down fats for energy and the muscle cells to use more energy. Therefore, identifying molecules that interact with malonyl-CoA will help sc...

Gut reaction: Researchers define the colon's genome

...shows that resident microbes in the colon actively synthesize vitamins and break down plant sugars, such as xylan and cellobiose (similar to cellulose), which humans could not otherwise digest because we lack the necessary enzymes. Cellobiose, for instance, is a key component of plant cell walls and thus is fou...

Vaccine shown effective against chancroid

...e most bacteria, Haemophilus species are unable to synthesize heme, the ferrous, or iron-containing, component of hemoglobin, and obtain it from host hemoglobin. The researchers found that immunizing swine with a purified hemoglobin receptor protected the animals from a challenge infection, even after multiple...

Surprising symbiosis: Glassy-winged sharpshooter eats with friends

... no evidence of the biochemical pathways needed to synthesize amino acids. Could the plant be somehow providing amino acids to its insect predator? Unlikely. Was the sharpshooter somehow cranking out its own amino acids? Doubtful. Could there be something else, some other bacteria, adding these essential ingred...

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