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Tag: "synthesis" at biology news

Discovery in orange cauliflower may lead to more nutritious crops

...ice" by inserting several genes that increases the synthesis of beta-carotene. But this technique has proved less effective in many plants. Li's research, which increases a plant's ability to store beta-carotene, may offer an alternate and complementary technique for making staple crops more nutritious. Li, ...

The insect vector always bites twice

...ia flies, the immunogenic proteins responsible for synthesis of these specific antibodies (2). The different saliva proteins of four Glossinia species, uninfected, vectors or non-vectors, were separated then put into contact with the serum of individual subjects, infected or uninfected, exposed to bites. Compa...

A new plant-bacterial symbiotic mechanism promising for crop applications

...ires the presence of several nod genes which allow synthesis of the Nod factor, a compound elaborated by the bacterium which enables the plant to recognize it, by molecular recognition, thereby allowing the microorganism to penetrate inside the plant by the root hairs. The finding raises the question as to ...

Researchers shed light on mechanism of action used by anti-cancer drug

...bition, but rather reflected interference with the synthesis of Mcl-1. They found that sorafenib interfered wit... these actions was to induce a shutdown of protein synthesis accompanied by a dramatic increase in cell death. “The notion that sorafenib acts by inhibiting ...

Technique monitors thousands of molecules simultaneously

...e generation of acids and bases and applied to the synthesis of DNA and peptide polymers. But could this approach be used to make the more difficult to synthesize shaped molecules needed for mapping a receptor? This would require a diverse array of reactions to be compatible with the chips, particularly reacti...

Blood sugar's manufacture limited by building blocks' supply

...e reserves are depleted, the body must rely on the synthesis of new glucose, primarily in the liver, to prevent...ge, a condition known as hypoglycemia. The de novo synthesis of glucose depends on the availability of a substrate molecule that comes from an amino acid. The...

Aspirin discovery may improve cancer treatments

...liams said. "Inhibiting or slowing down protein synthesis reduces the accumulation of incorrectly folded pro..., which reduces cellular stress and allows protein synthesis to return to normal." Under conditions of cellular stress, eIF2Ą is phosphorylated by a group o...

Mutation improves memory, may lead to memory-enhancing pill

...e first genetic evidence that control over protein synthesis plays an important role in the formation of lastin...one of its amino acids, it switches on the protein synthesis of another factor that halts production of genes required for the long-term storage of memories. Son...

Woman's Day and For Womens of Science

...tion. It presents 33 principal findings from five synthesis papers prepared by the world's leading mercury scientists and published in the same issue of Ambio. The declaration and supporting papers summarize what is currently known about the sources and movement of mercury in the atmosphere, the socioeconomi...

Mercury contamination of fish warrants worldwide public warning

...tion. It presents 33 principal findings from five synthesis papers prepared by the world's leading mercury scientists and published in the same issue of Ambio. The declaration and supporting papers summarize what is currently known about the sources and movement of mercury in the atmosphere, the socioeconomi...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

...Herlyn says. RPL8 is a protein involved in protein synthesis and is also expressed in normal cells. Herlyn's study shows that RPL8 is over-expressed not only in melanoma, but also in breast cancer cells and gliomas, the most common type of brain tumor, indicating that it has potential as a vaccine for patients...

RNA enzyme structure offers a glimpse into the origins of life

...ce of life. In all forms of life known today, the synthesis of DNA and RNA molecules is carried out by enzymes made of proteins. The instructions for making those proteins are contained in genes made of DNA or RNA (nucleic acids). The circularity of this process poses a challenge for theories about the origin...

Genes may determine success of hip replacement surgery

...e metabolism and the immune response. Vitamin D synthesis is important for strong healthy bones. Variations in the interleukin 6 gene did not seem to have any effect. But those with variations in MMP1 were more than three times as likely to have aseptic loosening as those who did not carry the genetic va...

New synthetic self-assembling macromolecules mimic nature

...a Ph.D. candidate in polymer chemistry, report the synthesis of a new family of charged, rod-like block copolymers. Only as long as a fraction of the diameter of human hair, the tiny rods can be either positive or negative, or can have alternating positive and negative charges along the backbone. The rods sel...

Primitive yeast yields secrets of human cholesterol and drug metabolism

...mportant class of enzymes required for cholesterol synthesis and drug metabolism,?says Peter Espenshade, Ph.D., assistant professor of cell biology at Johns Hopkins. “We’re excited because although we originally identified this protein in yeast, humans not only have the same protein, but it works the same way....

Key found to kill cystic fibrosis superbug

... antibiotics. They hypothesize that preventing the synthesis of a key sugar required for this armour, 4-amino-4-deoxy-L-arabinose (Ara4N), may lead to a susceptibility within the cell membrane to antibiotics. "We are very excited with these findings, as they will let us come up with novel molecules to disr...

MIT biologists solve vitamin puzzle

...researchers have discovered the final piece of the synthesis pathway of vitamin B12-the only vitamin synthesize... One of the most unusual aspects of BluB-catalyzed synthesis is its cannibalization of a cofactor derived from another vitamin, B2. During the reaction, the B2 c...

Magic Beans -- Anti-obesity soya could help prevent diabetes

...tabolism in the liver and adipose tissue, reducing synthesis of new fatty acids and cholesterol. It is this metabolic effect that may explain the traditional Asian use of black soya in the treatment of diabetes. ‘The key problem in type II diabetes is impairment of insulin action, mainly as a result of excess ...

Vitamin D deficiency widespread during pregnancy

...als and vitamin supplements. Sun exposure for skin synthesis of vitamin D also remains critical. "Our study shows that current vitamin D dietary intake recommendations are not enough to meet the demands of pregnancy," Dr. Bodnar said. "Improving vitamin D status has tremendous capacity to benefit public hea...

U of M researchers invent 'flashy' new process to turn soy oil, glucose into hydrogen

...ces hydrogen and carbon monoxide, a mixture called synthesis gas, or syngas, because it is used to make chemica...eyer and Paul Dauenhauer--have produced a pound of synthesis gas in a day using their small-scale reactor. Here's how the new process works: The oil and sugar...

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