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Tag: "syndrome" at biology news

Infants can organise visual information at just four months

... a new ESRC-funded project under way with Williams syndrome infants ?a condition where attention and visual pe... According to Dr Farran, until recently Williams syndrome children were rarely diagnosed at an early enough stage. Now diagnosis is often earlier, plus there ...

Birth defects: 8 million annually worldwide

...mia and sickle cell disease (307,897 births); Down syndrome (217,293 births); and G6PD deficiency (177,032 bir...hors say. Just one of those causes, fetal alcohol syndrome (mental and physical defects caused by drinking alcohol during pregnancy), is a "huge problem but th...

Travelers can avoid jet lag by resetting their body clocks

...tment can also help those with delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), a persistent condition that results from a misalignment between a person's internal biological clock and the external social environment. Both bright light and melatonin have successfully been used in laboratory and field settings to "phase ...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...mune disease called autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome (ALPS). Previously, Dr. Lenardo and his colleagues showed that in ALPS a form of PLAD blocks a cell surface receptor and prevents a needed chemical signaling pathway from functioning correctly. In ALPS, the signal pathway interrupted by PLAD leads t...

Genetic testing still smart choice, despite uncertainties

...creen embryos for hereditary diseases such as Down syndrome and other abnormalities. To do this, one cell from an eight-cell embryo is extracted and examined for chromosomal defects. However, as many as half these embryos spawn cells with different genetic information as they divide, giving doctors an inacc...

Cyberkinetics, Case to develop system to help restore extremity function

...ury (SCI), muscular dystrophy, or with "locked-in" syndrome (tetraplegia and the inability to speak) secondary to stroke. Previously published results from this study of the BrainGate System have demonstrated that a person with severe paralysis may be able to control a computer cursor in order to operate exte...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...e 50 emergency workers who died of acute radiation syndrome and nine children who died of thyroid cancer, and an estimated total of 3,940 deaths from radiation-induced cancer and leukemia among the 200,000 emergency workers from 1986-1987, 116,000 evacuees and 270,000 residents of the most contaminated areas ...

Housecat-sized Siberian tiger cubs get collared

...ionov@mail.nih.gov Genetic traffic in DiGeorge syndrome One of the most common human genomic disorders, DiGeorge syndrome, occurs in one of every 2,000-4,000 live births and involves a deletion on chromosome 22. The deletion is mediated by rare repetitive sequences that flank genes crucial for proper ...

Studies on human genome variation provide insight into disease

...ionov@mail.nih.gov Genetic traffic in DiGeorge syndrome One of the most common human genomic disorders, DiGeorge syndrome, occurs in one of every 2,000-4,000 live births and involves a deletion on chromosome 22. The deletion is mediated by rare repetitive sequences that flank genes crucial for proper ...

UF scientist finds unexpected link between cat and human AIDS viruses

... domestic cats that results in an immunodeficiency syndrome resembling HIV infection in humans. Since its discovery in 1987, FIV infection of cats has been used in vaccine studies as a small-animal model of human AIDS. "We were the first to demonstrate that you can make an effective vaccine against a virus i...

Human brain is still evolving

... nonfunctional and cause microcephaly - a clinical syndrome in which the brain develops to a much smaller size than normal. In earlier studies of non-human primates and humans, Lahn and his colleagues determined that both Microcephalin and ASPM showed significant changes under the pressure of natural selecti...

How HIV disables the cells' call for help

...eam tested FP on rats suffering from an autoimmune syndrome similar to human rheumatoid arthritis, and on cultured human T cells. As they predicted, the rats treated with FP showed a significant reduction in joint swelling and other symptoms of arthritis. Shai points out that using FP, a tiny piece of a piec...

New study shows SARS can infect brain tissue

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), by its very name, indicates a disease of the respiratory tract. But SARS can also infiltrate brain tissue, causing significant central nervous system problems, according to an article in the Oct. 15 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, now ...

Weight control protein may yield antiobesity drugs

...ound. The animals additionally develop a metabolic syndrome characterized by high blood concentrations of leptin, insulin, and lipids. They also develop fatty livers and high blood sugar, the group reports. "Our findings reveal SH2-B as an important positive regulator of leptin sensitivity inside cells of th...

Researchers discover new route to hemoglobin synthesis

...ents. Newborns suffering from neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) exhibit seizures, poor feeding, diarrhea and vomiting that lead to excessive weight loss and dehydration, sleeping problems and fever. Disruption in the mother-child bonding process has also been reported, and there is an increased risk of sudd...

Opiates Better Than Sedatives For Treating Newborns In Withdrawal

...ents. Newborns suffering from neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) exhibit seizures, poor feeding, diarrhea and vomiting that lead to excessive weight loss and dehydration, sleeping problems and fever. Disruption in the mother-child bonding process has also been reported, and there is an increased risk of sudd...

Survival of heart patients on beta-blockers varies greatly with genetic variation

...ociation. "In our investigation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients discharged on beta-blocker therapy, we were able to associate risk of death with the characteristics of the patients' beta-adrenergic receptor genes," says co-author Howard L. McLeod, Pharm.D., professor of medicine, of genetics and of...

Snapin: A protein with therapy potential for autism

...Individuals with disorders such as autism and Rett syndrome display not only fewer branches, but also show two quite different dendrite patterns. Firestein's most recent work explores the how and why of dendrite branching and patterning. "It's not just how many branches there are, but where they are and the ...

Scientists discover stem cell origin of neck and shoulders

...s new light on human diseases such as Klippel-Feil syndrome where both regions are often malformed. Dr Georgy Koentges, one of the lead researchers at UCL, said, "Anatomists and everyone else would look at the skeleton and assume that the bone structures are uniform and are the basic components of vertebrate...

New insight into autoimmune disease: Bacterial infections promote recognition of self-glycolipids

...such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). There is evidence that the development of certain autoimmune diseases may be associated with a bacterial or viral infection that stimulates production of antibodies and immune cells called T cells, which are targeted against bacterial protein...

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