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Tag: "surfaces" at biology news

Envisat radar surveillance protects endangered prehistoric fish

...adar sensors detect ships well because their metal surfaces and sharp angles have a high signal return, in contrast to that of the surrounding water. Envisat ASAR imagery is therefore being utilised for ship detection in a growing number of activities worldwide, including the protection of Icelandic fisheri...

Nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanotubes: How tiny specks may provide powerful tools against cancer

...one releasing hormone (LHRH) on breast cancer cell surfaces and created a molecular complex, combining LHRH with a 10 nm nanoparticle ?superparamagnetic ironoxide ?and a cell-killing peptide drug, Hecate. Leuschner and her co-workers tested two different versions of the complex to see which might be the bes...

Scientists determine structure of enzyme that disrupts bacterial virulence

...h often forms opportunistic infections on the lung surfaces of patients with cystic fibrosis, rely on their quorum-sensing systems to increase their pathogenicity and resistance to antibiotics. ...

Living anti-HIV gel shows early promise

...owing these bacteria to colonise the internal body surfaces where HIV transmission can occur through sexual activity, could offer cost-effective, efficient and long-lasting protection against the virus. The team, led by Srinivas Rao, chief of laboratory animal medicine at the Vaccine Research Center of the U...

'License to kill' enables powerful immune attack cells in mice

... only become fully armed after a receptor on their surfaces interacts with a molecule on the surfaces of other cells. The molecular details of the process were so unusual that Yokoyama and his colleagu...

Newly recognized gene mutation may reduce seeds, resurrect plants

...ted with formation of the cuticle that coats plant surfaces may signal whether a seed develops to maturity or is aborted early due to a defective embryo. "This is interesting because in crop production a number of plants have a problem of reduced yield due to seed or fruit abortion," Jenks said. "It's though...

New technology shows our ancestors ate…everything!

...ped a faster and more objective way to examine the surfaces of fossilized teeth, a practice used to figure out...ive fractal analysis," to analyze fossilized tooth surfaces through a confocal microscope, which allows three-dimensional analysis of an object. "You put the sp...

Tropical Deforestation affects rainfall in the U.S. and around the globe

...etween one-third and one-half of our planet's land surfaces have been transformed by human development. Now, a new study is offering insight into the long-term impacts of these changes, particularly the effects of large-scale deforestation in tropical regions on the global climate. Researchers from Duke Univ...

Locusts' built-in 'surface analysis' ability directs them to fly overland

...s are presented with a situation of choice between surfaces reflecting either polarized or diffused light, they exercise their preference to fly over the (dry land) area of diffused light," said Dr. Shashar. This is a survival instinct, since if they flew over a body of water, the locusts would be deprived of...

UCSD discovery may provide novel method to generate medically useful proteins

...rganisms are constantly altering proteins on their surfaces to evade the immune system. Unlike the phage protein, antibodies have a complicated loop structure. The size of the loops varies in addition to the amino acid building blocks that constitute the antibody protein. Although this mechanism can genera...

Toxic flood lifts lid on common urban pollution problem

...ainwater that washes across streets and other hard surfaces in cities. Environmental engineering professor John Sansalone's perspective is especially relevant because it is based on field research in New Orleans and Baton Rouge, where he was a professor at Louisiana State University before taking a job at UF ...

MRSA study demonstrates need for frequent hand washing and environmental disinfection in health care settings

...n persist for days and even weeks on environmental surfaces found in healthcare settings, including bed linens, computer keyboard covers and acrylic fingernails, according to research presented today at the 105th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus a...

Bacteria can survive for weeks on hospital surfaces

...n persist for days and even weeks on environmental surfaces found in healthcare settings, including bed linens, computer keyboard covers and acrylic fingernails, according to research presented today at the 105th General Meeting of the American Society for Microbiology. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus a...

Living with salt

...gative as those in halophilic proteins), while the surfaces of carbonic anhydrases that don't tolerate salt sport a negative/positive/ neutral mix. This and other unique structural features may enable the algal carbonic anhydrase to be active in the presence of salt, though not dependent on it. In a surprise ...

Shampoo detergent added to paint makes surfaces self-sterilizing

...te self-sanitizing coatings for frequently touched surfaces in public buildings that continue killing germs fo...hought has been given to making frequently handled surfaces such as railings, doorknobs, push-plates, desktops, and faucet handles in public buildings similarly...

Unweaving amyloid fibers to solve prion puzzles

...in slightly different places, presenting different surfaces to promote the conversion of other prion molecules. Lindquist believes that the techniques used in this study will ultimately prove useful for studying prion strains found in mammals like mice, cows, and ultimately humans. "This gives us insight as...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

...s and others determined that T cells have on their surfaces what are known as G protein-coupled receptors, which when occupied by chemokines -- their natural binding partners -- prompt the T cells to rush into lymph nodes. But S1P, they found, can act through its own G-coupled receptors to prevent chemokines ...

Researchers uncover E. coli's defense mechanism

..., unwashed vegetables and cross contamination from surfaces on which these foods were prepared. Infections from either of these organisms can cause diarrhea, abdominal cramps and sometimes more serious illnesses that require hospitalization. E.coli doesn't respond well to antibiotics, while Salmonella has dev...

Ants win a waxy race

...ants are capable of running on slippery waxy plant surfaces in order to reach their nests and food supplies. Some Macaranga trees in South East Asia have waxy stems to protect themselves from ants and other insects. Only one specific ant is capable of running up and down the stem, in order to access its nest ...

New lead reported in tumor angiogenesis

...so physically attach to a protein displayed on the surfaces of cells that line the walls of our blood vessels. This physical interaction, like a finger pushing a button, sends a signal within these cells to grow and sprout new capillaries. The finding, while technical in nature, has potentially major implica...

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