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Tag: "surfaces" at biology news

Coated nanoparticles solve sticky drug-delivery problem

... "We found that the viruses that got through had surfaces that were attracted to water, and they had a net neutral electrical charge," said Samuel K. Lai, a Johns Hopkins chemical and biomolecular engineering doctoral student from Canada and Hong Kong who was lead author of the journal article. "We thought ...

A sweet step toward new cancer therapies

...called glycans attached to proteins on cancer cell surfaces as accomplices in the growth and spread of tumors. Researchers have been keen to characterize these glycans, but traditional analytical methods have not been sufficient. Now, Hakansson's research group has demonstrated that their technique can be ...

OHSU researchers demonstrate how white blood cells cannibalize virus-infected cells

...iterally watch T-cells consume membranes and outer surfaces of diseased cells. As they destroy and cannibalize the fluorescently labeled cells, they become labeled with the fluorescent dye themselves," explained Mark Slifka, Ph.D., a researcher in the VGTI who led the research. Slifka is also a scientist in t...

Weighty viruses

...ered light can be detected through the transparent surfaces of the ion trap. A portion of the light is sent to a CCD camera, which records the flight path of the trapped particle. The rest of the light goes to a measuring device that precisely analyzes the scattering signal. The scattered light is different f...

Selecting life: Scientists find new way to search for origin of life

... half century, researchers have found that mineral surfaces may have played critical roles organizing, or acti... possible combinations of biomolecules and mineral surfaces were key to this evolution? This vexing question has stumped scientists for years because of the she...

Researchers to develop active nanoscale surfaces for biological separations

...ic Institute, the group plans to develop nanoscale surfaces that actively reassemble in the presence of DNA, w... to the outside world. DNA molecules move on these surfaces in two dimensions, much like objects on a conveyor belt. Kane and his colleagues recently discovered...

Researchers make nanosheets that mimic protein formation

...eets with square, hexagonal, and other packings at surfaces and interfaces, as well as suspended in fluid. The group sought to make the connection between the forces governing S-layer protein assembly and the forces governing the nanoparticle assembly. That's when Glotzer's group, whose expertise is in comput...

Embryonic stem cells do better on bumpy nanoscale mattress

...ing controlled feature dimensions, of cell culture surfaces influences HES cell differentiation and self-renewal, according to the researchers. For HES cells to realize their potential in clinical medicine, they would have to be cultured in great quantities and with great fidelity to their pluripotent pheno...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

...tudy identified as many as 20 new receptors on the surfaces of T cells or signaling molecules within T cells, that increase their activity in the case of massive trauma to either cause anergy or apoptosis. Each pathway represents a target for the design of new drugs to reverse T cell shutdown. The research...

Like a snail through the intestinal canal

...solution then is found in using smaller and larger surfaces that slide over each other. If a large surface coa...ward incrementally, whereupon the process of small surfaces shifting begins anew. Additional experiments found that it is not only the size of the film surface...

MIT creates 3-D scaffold for growing stem cells

...timuli. Researchers are aware that cells on flat surfaces have skewed metabolisms, gene expression and growing patterns. But the only choices have been glass labware and a product called Matrigel, a gelatinous protein mixture secreted by mouse tumor cells. While Matrigel does resemble a complex extracellula...

Tarantulas produce silk from their feet

...ng, these spiders can normally hang on to vertical surfaces by using thousands of spatulate hairs and small claws. However, the scientists noticed that when the spider started to slip down the surface, it produced silk from all four pairs of legs, allowing it to adhere to the glass for more than 20 minutes. T...

With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane

...whose earlier work on phase-separated membranes on surfaces inspired the system used in the work, and scientists Peter Weber and Ian Hutcheon, both experts in imaging mass spectrometry at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), who provided access to the state-of-the-art machine used in the experim...

Nanotubes used for first time to send signals to nerve cells

...otubes with additional molecules attached to their surfaces that may be used to guide cell growth or customize...attachment and communication better and make these surfaces more biocompatible." Another avenue Pappas wants to explore is finding out whether nanotubes are se...

Birds going extinct faster due to human activities

...stem cells from mice were plated on four different surfaces in cell culture dishes, specific types of cells would arise. "The medium and the molecular environment influence the fate of the cell," said Dennis Steindler, Ph.D., executive director of the McKnight Brain Institute. "We simulated some events tha...

Medium is the message for stem cells in search of identities

...stem cells from mice were plated on four different surfaces in cell culture dishes, specific types of cells would arise. "The medium and the molecular environment influence the fate of the cell," said Dennis Steindler, Ph.D., executive director of the McKnight Brain Institute. "We simulated some events tha...

Snakes' virtual glasses, leopard spots and all-optical transistors

...various chemicals, or morphogens, diffusing across surfaces and forming shapes where they interact. Few Turing-type models, however, addressed the fact that such patterns may evolve over time. A two-stage variation of Turing's model, recently developed by physicists at Taiwan's National Chung-Hsing University...

Research highlights how bacteria produce energy

...olecules (biosurfactants) to clean oil off of rock surfaces and mobilize oil stuck in small cavities. However, up till now, it is not clear whether microorganisms injected into an oil reservoir will be active and whether they will make enough biosurfactant to mobilize entrapped oil," says McInerney. He and h...

'Micro-boxes' of water used to study single molecules

...aining single molecules, such as attaching them to surfaces or placing them inside liposomes (artificial cells). The water droplets can be held far from any surface that might interfere, can readily encapsulate biomolecules (which prefer being in water as opposed to the fluorocarbon medium), and can readily f...

How satellite tracking revealed the migratory mysteries of endangered Atlantic loggerhead turtles

... shell of the turtle so that every time the turtle surfaces to breathe, the tag transmits the turtle's position, as well as other information (e.g. depth and duration of dives), to satellites orbiting above, which then relay the data by e-mail to the computer of the scientist who attached the tag. For more in...

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