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Tag: "surface" at biology news

Enzyme's newly discovered role may make it target for arthritis treatment

... G is secreted by neutrophils, binds to the cells' surface membranes, and affects the rearrangement of integr...s, an important group of adhesion compounds on the surface of neutrophils. "The way these integrins rearrange and cluster on the cell surface can send a signa...

Study finds adult stem cells can replicate

... G is secreted by neutrophils, binds to the cells' surface membranes, and affects the rearrangement of integr...s, an important group of adhesion compounds on the surface of neutrophils. "The way these integrins rearrange and cluster on the cell surface can send a signa...

New method shows it is possible to grow bone for grafts within a patient's body

...-healing response and create a special zone on the surface of a healthy bone in hopes that the body would respond by filling the space with new bone. The approach lived up to their highest expectations. Working with mature rabbits, a species with bones that are very similar to those of humans, the researcher...

Using nanoparticles, in vivo gene therapy activates brain stem cells

...key advantage of the UB team's nanoparticle is its surface functionality, which allows it to be targeted to specific cells, explained Dhruba J. Bharali, Ph.D., a co-author on the paper and post-doctoral associate in the UB Department of Chemistry and UB's Institute for Lasers, Photonics and Biophotonics. Wh...

Deep thinking: Scientists sequence a cold-loving marine microbe

...life on other planets, as well, such as the frozen surface of Mars or one of Jupiter's moons, Europa. As yet, however, there's little chance that deciphering C. psychrerythraea's genome will yield insights into another cool character, its namesake. Deming, who led the establishment of the Colwellia genus, na...

Motor transport in bio-nano systems

...ists of filaments which are aligned on a substrate surface as shown in Figure 1. The filaments are polar and have two different ends, a 'plus' end and a 'minus' end. In Figure 1, the filaments are arranged in such a way that all 'plus' ends point into the same direction. Such an arrangement provides many par...

Achilles heel of the herpes virus possibly found

...about a possible 'key' on the herpes simplex virus surface that may match the 'lock' found by the U-M team. T...he Italian team has identified a region of a viral surface protein that matches the U-M team's predictions of what the virus likely would use to bind and engag...

Scripps research scientists identify infertility molecule

...t lack LPA receptors, which normally appear on the surface of cells in a mouse's womb, have fertility problems. These mice are able to produce eggs normally, so that the eggs can be fertilized, but the resulting embryos, which are otherwise healthy, have problems implanting in the womb -- the last step in co...

Researchers use 3-D imaging system to unveil swimming behavior of microscopic plankton

...nearly transparent zooplankton are found under the surface of each square meter of the world's oceans. These animals play a key role in the marine food web as a crucial link between primary producers and predators. The imaging system, Fish TV, uses multibeam sonar to uniquely measure animal movement. The sy...

Deep sea algae connect ancient climate, carbon dioxide and vegetation

...arbon-containing compounds produced by ancient sea surface algae that were recently isolated in deep sea drill cores. The data indicates that between 45 - 34 million years ago the atmospheric carbon dioxide level was up to five times greater than today, with a sharp decrease and then stabilization to near m...

Invasive parasite destroying fish species

...arbon-containing compounds produced by ancient sea surface algae that were recently isolated in deep sea drill cores. The data indicates that between 45 - 34 million years ago the atmospheric carbon dioxide level was up to five times greater than today, with a sharp decrease and then stabilization to near m...

Stem cells grown in lab mirror normal developmental steps

...arbon-containing compounds produced by ancient sea surface algae that were recently isolated in deep sea drill cores. The data indicates that between 45 - 34 million years ago the atmospheric carbon dioxide level was up to five times greater than today, with a sharp decrease and then stabilization to near m...

Anthrax test, developed by army and CDC, receives FDA approval

...ell explained. "Wherever the virus is added to the surface of a culture plate that has been inoculated with suspicious anthrax colony growth, you can see clear zones where the B. anthracis cells have been destroyed--whereas other bacterial cells grow unaffected." Well before the anthrax attacks of 2001, sci...

Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein

...dimer" of two horseshoes. Much of the TLR3 protein surface is covered with sugar molecules, but on one face t...ace between these two horseshoes, there is a large surface that is sugar-free, suggesting that this is where the TLR3 might bind to its target molecule. This s...

'Mad cow' proteins successfully detected in blood

...ell explained. "Wherever the virus is added to the surface of a culture plate that has been inoculated with suspicious anthrax colony growth, you can see clear zones where the B. anthracis cells have been destroyed--whereas other bacterial cells grow unaffected." Well before the anthrax attacks of 2001, sci...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

...e laboratory of Mark von Zastrow, PhD, on how cell surface receptors carry messages into the cell that activate specific events. The V2 receptor has been widely studied as an example of a large family of proteins called G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), which are involved in signal transduction and are res...

New tool reveals secrets of migrating cells

...half-millimeter of a living organ, not just on the surface of tissue or within a slice. "In our earlier stud...hey undergo the first of two tests to see if their surface receptors (called T cell receptors) work properly. Once they pass that test, they start wandering a...

New complete muscle grown in the lab

... the stabilizing influence of the fibroblasts, the surface area covered by vessel cells and the percentage of vessel-like structures in the tissue doubled within two weeks. The endothelial cells and the vessel networks that they provide may also be useful in coaxing the muscle cells to differentiate and org...

Gene expands malaria's invasion options

...nvade red blood cells via protein receptors on the surface that contain a sugar known as sialic acid. If scientists treat blood cells with an enzyme to remove sialic acid, the parasite can no longer invade. Other strains - including one called W2mef - can invade using the sialic acid receptors, but also have...

Plankton can run, but can't hide from basking sharks

...selves from the sharks at a set time, float to the surface and then drift with the currents like a "electroni...aviour, tracking the zooplankton Calanus up to the surface at dusk and then downward at dawn, sharks in the western English Channel did the reverse. This is th...

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