Open microfluidic and nanofluidic systems
...liquids and chemical reagents. Directly accessible surface channels, which can be fabricated by available pho...ossible in general but only if the geometry of the surface channels is carefully matched with their wettability (PNAS 102, 1848-1852 (2005). Many research gro...Gene Vaccine Protects Mice Against Development Of Her2/neu Breast Cancer
...ssociated withover-expression of the HER2/neu cell surface receptor protein, whichcontinuously “tells?the cancer cell to grow, this producing anaggressive disease that is difficult to stop.The drug Herceptin treats this kind of breast cancer by “plugging?these receptors with a monoclonal antibody, but this t...Highly adaptable genome in gut bacterium key to intestinal health
...vely switched on a different set of genes encoding surface proteins and carbohydrate-busting enzymes. This sw...ohydrates. "By changing its digestive enzymes and surface proteins, the bacterium changed its dining room seating from food particles to the mucus that normal...A comprehensive response to HIV could prevent 10 million AIDS deaths in Africa by 2020
...ssociated withover-expression of the HER2/neu cell surface receptor protein, whichcontinuously “tells?the cancer cell to grow, this producing anaggressive disease that is difficult to stop.The drug Herceptin treats this kind of breast cancer by “plugging?these receptors with a monoclonal antibody, but this t...Introduced foxes transformed vegetation on Aleutian Islands from lush grasslands to tundra
...gularly nest on the islands, he said. They include surface nesters, such as gulls and terns, that lay their e...ulder piles and rock crevices. According to Byrd, surface nesters and burrow nesters tended to disappear completely from islands with foxes, while populations...Scientists discover unique microbe in California's largest lake
...previously unknown species.The Salton Sea covers a surface area of 376 square miles insoutheastern California. Its current elevation is about 227 feet belowmean sea level, its maximum depth reaches 51 feet and its total volumeis about 7.5 million acre-feet. It was formed in the early 1900s, whenflow from the...New SARS Protein Linked To Important Cell Doorway
...nome, we thought the orf7a protein would be on the surface of infected cells, decoying the immune system in some obvious way. But we found that most orf7a protein was inside the cell and little if any of it was on the surface." Further experiments revealed that part of the protein specializes in getting orf...Zebrafish may hold key to understanding human nerve cell development
... access. Haircells in zebrafish are located on the surface of their body and helpthe fish swim in groups and avoid predators."Zebrafish are a wonderful model for studying hair cell development fora number of reasons. The hair cells are exposed and can be easily seenunder the microscope in the live fish. We c...New studies suggest airborne SARS transmission is possible
... The researchers also detected virus in four of 85 surface samples taken from frequently touched surfaces, highlighting the importance of strict adherence to infection control precautions to prevent SARS coronavirus transmission in the health care setting. In the Hong Kong study, which focused on the 2003 S...Harmful Bacterium Commonly Found in Poultry May Survive Refrigeration and Frozen Storage Combined
... access. Haircells in zebrafish are located on the surface of their body and helpthe fish swim in groups and avoid predators."Zebrafish are a wonderful model for studying hair cell development fora number of reasons. The hair cells are exposed and can be easily seenunder the microscope in the live fish. We c...... access. Haircells in zebrafish are located on the surface of their body and helpthe fish swim in groups and avoid predators."Zebrafish are a wonderful model for studying hair cell development fora number of reasons. The hair cells are exposed and can be easily seenunder the microscope in the live fish. We c...UCLA scientists transform HIV into cancer-seeking missile
...ach to P-glycoproteins -- molecules located on the surface of many cancer cells. The UCLA team is the first to prove that modified HIV will target and bind with P-glycoproteins. "P-glycoproteins cause big problems by making the cell resistant to chemotherapy," said Chen. "They act like soccer goalies and pu...International trial of two microbicides begins
...s hope these agents--designed to be applied to the surface of the vagina to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs)--will one day be a key tool in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Women make up nearly half of all people living with HIV worldwide. "The majority of new cases of HIV infection in women result...MetaChip provides quick, efficient toxicity screening of potential drugs
...s hope these agents--designed to be applied to the surface of the vagina to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs)--will one day be a key tool in the fight against HIV/AIDS. Women make up nearly half of all people living with HIV worldwide. "The majority of new cases of HIV infection in women result...New methods of gene delivery using lasers
...ronomy said: “We believe we have only touched the surface with this technology: the method is simple and inexpensive and could have important bio-medical implications and should find wide use. Since it also has the potential to assist in the cellular delivery of other bio-molecules, we are now looking at ot......tant (a soluble chemical compound that reduces the surface tension between liquids). One surfactant acts as t...to create a variety of nanoparticles with enormous surface areas, and very well-defined pore size and structure. One important application of these nanoporous...Influenza vaccine uses insect cells to speed development
... a purified concentration of a key molecule on the surface of the virus, called hemagglutinin, to elicit an immune response against that specific strain of the virus. Wang and his colleagues have developed a methodology for rapidly producing and purifying hemagglutinin from an influenza virus. They extract ...Scientists discover that host cell lipids facilitate bacterial movement
...gins when the bacterium binds to a receptor on the surface of a cell, causing the cell to ingest it. The bact...rness signals from the inner rather than the outer surface of the cell membrane. "The most exciting and surprising finding is that an intracellular bacteria i...New Treatment Rivals Chemotherapy For Lymphoma, Study Finds
... that you can find something different on the cell surface between normal and cancerous cells; this is not as... the bloodstream to bind to a protein found on the surface of the cancerous cells. The radiation zaps these malignant cells with minimal exposure to normal tis...Scientists discover how fish evolved to float at different sea depths
... different levels in the sea without coming to the surface of the water for air. A similar system is also pre...ladder and others fill it by swallowing air at the surface of the water. Another group of fishes has a closed swimbladder that is inflated through gas secretio...