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Tag: "surface" at biology news

DNA Molecules Used To Assemble Nanoparticles

...r end. Folate receptors are over-expressed on the surface of cancer cells, so these dendrimer clusters would tend to flock to the diseased cells. The other end of the complex carries a fluorescent protein so that the researchers can track their movement. A series of experiments using cell sorters, 3-D micr...

Yellowstone microbes fueled by hydrogen, according to U. of Colorado study

... like to betogether, they like to be attached to a surface and they like to havetheir food - dissolved hydrogen, in this case -- brought to them."Spear explained that the hot springs' colors are the result ofinteractions between minerals and the microbes living in the pools.Hotter water usually shows colors ...

Dysentery uses 'sword and shield' to cause infection

...(the sword), while lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the surface of the bacteria acts as a shield to protect the dy...diarrhoea. At the same time, the LPS chains on the surface of the bacteria are shortened. This allows the needles to inject proteins, while protecting the bact...

Fox Chase Cancer Center scientists identify immune-system mutation

...mplex (MHC) molecules. Most helper T cells carry a surface protein called CD4, which is attracted to class II MHC. Killer cells carry the CD8 protein, attracted to class I MHC. However, the underlying molecular pathways that regulate this process have remained obscure. "The mutant HD mice are unable to gene...

Current human embryonic stem cell lines contaminated UCSD/Salk team finds

...probes todetect the presence of Neu5Gc on the cell surface of human embryonicstem cells that had been grown in traditional culture conditions. Thescientists further confirmed the presence of Neu5Gc with a processcalled electrospray mass spectrometry. The percentage of total sialicacids present as Neu5Gc in t...

Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells

...nize and bind to the so-called CD4 receptor on the surface of the cell HIV wants to infect. Once it binds, gp120 undergoes a shape change, which signals a companion protein, gp41, to begin a set of actions that enable HIV's membrane to fuse with the target cell's membrane. This fusion of membranes allows HIV...

Mouse brain cells rapidly recover after Alzheimer's plaques are cleared

...Brendza injected Abetaantibodies directly onto the surface of the mouse brains. In the regionof the injection, the antibodies cleared the plaques, confirmingearlier research results. Then Brendza closely monitored the swellingsfor three days."We thought that clearing the plaques would halt the progression of...

Genome of deadly amoeba shows surprising complexity, evidence of lateral gene transfer

...The project also identified some large families of surface proteins that may help mediate the amoeba's ability to evade the human immune system. This could explain why the parasite can stay hidden in the body for years at a time. Such information may help researchers find better means to harness the immune s...

Key molecule in plant photo-protection identified

...Brendza injected Abetaantibodies directly onto the surface of the mouse brains. In the regionof the injection, the antibodies cleared the plaques, confirmingearlier research results. Then Brendza closely monitored the swellingsfor three days."We thought that clearing the plaques would halt the progression of...

Anti-bacterial additive widespread in U.S. waterways

...tionwide are much higherthan previously thought.In surface water from the Baltimore region, the researchers detectedtriclocarban at concentrations of up to 6.75 micrograms per liter(parts-per-billion). This maximum concentration was 28 fold higher thanpreviously reported levels, which are currently used by t...

Tiny particles could solve billion-dollar problem

...tage of the atoms in the particle are found on the surface of the particle instead of being locked away insid...less than 4 percent of the palladium atoms were on surface of the particle. Pure palladium nanoparticles had 24 percent of the metal on the surface. In the gol...

Research advances quest for HIV-1 vaccine

...ognizes a protein called gp41 that is found on the surface of the virus. The gp41 protein is thought to play ... with gp41 at a conserved region very close to the surface of the virus and they reveal some special characteristics of 4E10 that make it unusually effective a...

Bound for destruction: Ubiquitination protects against improper Notch signaling

...artner, such as the protein Delta, presentedon the surface of a neighboring cell. This “juxtracrine?interactioncauses the cleavage of an intracellular region of the Notch protein,loosing it into the cytoplasm and triggering the activation oftranscription factors within the cell’s nucleus. In addition to itse...

Researchers reveal the infectious impact of salmon farms on wild salmon

...ses be lethal - as they create open lesions on the surface of the fish that compromises a fish's ability to maintain its salt-water balance. When infection rates are high enough, the parasites feed on the fish at rates greater than the fish can feed itself, literally eating the fish alive. Adult salmon can s...

Novel Therapy Tested in Mice Could Chase Away Cat Allergies

...cat allergen end of GFD binds to antibodies on the surface of the cell. The human end of GFD links to a different cell surface protein (called FcgRIIB) that interrupts the allergic response. Dr. Saxon and his colleagues first ...

Purdue proves concept of using nano-materials for drug discovery

...ers. "What's unique about this device is that the surface has nanometer-scale pores in it," Lee said. "The c...tein, was placed inside the vessels - on the inner surface of the alumina membranes - and the liquid was placed outside each vessel so that it covered the oppo...

Weill Cornell Research Reveals Secrets Of Trafficking Within Cells

...mitters, or other compounds; usually from the cell surface to the cell interior. Previous work at Dr. Ryan's lab has helped clarify the role of some of the key players in this process, including a ubiquitous protein called clathrin, found in nearly every cell type. "From our previous work in brain synapses...

Discovery of key protein's shape could lead to improved bacterial pneumonia vaccine

...have discovered that the shape of a protein on the surface ofpneumonia bacteria helps these germs invade the ... pieces of carbohydrates naturally appearing onthe surface of these bacteria. When used in a vaccine, these pieces ofcarbohydrate stimulate the immune system t...

New comparative toxicogenomics database

...have discovered that the shape of a protein on the surface ofpneumonia bacteria helps these germs invade the ... pieces of carbohydrates naturally appearing onthe surface of these bacteria. When used in a vaccine, these pieces ofcarbohydrate stimulate the immune system t...

Genetically modified natural killer immune cells attack, kill leukemia cells

...fied the growing NK cells so they carried on their surface an artificial receptor that made them particularly...gnize a protein called CD19, which is found on the surface of leukemic cells. When the receptor bound to CD19 on leukemic cells, it set off a reaction that sup...

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