Tag: "suppresses" at biology news

Marine phytoplankton changes form to protect itself from different predators

...if that’s the best thing to do for survival, or it suppresses the formation of colonies in favor of growing as s...ven simple organisms, Hay noted. Phaeocystis suppresses colony formation in the presence of chemical signals from copepods and remains as small, solitary ce...

LIAI scientists make important finding on cytomegalovirus transmission

...ts receptor. "IL-10 is a messenger molecule which suppresses the protective T cell response that would normally attack the cytomegalovirus," he said. "By blocking the ability of the IL-10 molecule to bind to its receptor, then you allow these T cells to do their job and reduce or eliminate this virus." Cro...

Fascinating spider silk

...ins a high concentration of sodium chloride, which suppresses oligomer formation. If the sodium chloride is removed, the proteins aggregate into oligomers. In addition, the pH value also plays a crucial role in web production: within the silk gland, the pH is relatively high, but within the spinning duct it ...

MicroRNAs as tumor suppressors

...inds to the 3?end of the HMGA2 mRNA transcript and suppresses its expression in the cell cytosol. However, chromosomal breaks that shorten the 3?end of the HMGA2 transcript, and prevent let-7 binding, result in aberrantly high levels of HMGA2 expression and tumorigenesis. This paper establishes that HMGA2 is a ...

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

...led gasification. Adding hydrogen during this step suppresses the formation of carbon dioxide and increases the efficiency of the process, making it possible to produce three times the volume of biofuels from the same quantity of biomass, said Rakesh Agrawal, Purdue's Winthrop E. Stone Distinguished Professor o...

Dual gene therapy suppresses lung cancer in preclinical test

...ination achieved greater cell suicide because FUS1 suppresses a gene that expresses a protein known to rapidly degrade p53, says senior author Lin Ji, Ph.D., M. D. Anderson associate professor of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. The FUS1/p53 combination also activates a cell suicide pathway based in the...

Penn study on lung-infecting bacterial enzyme suggests new approach to cystic fibrosis treatment

...a, breaks down lipids surrounding CFTR and thereby suppresses CFTR’s chloride-passing function. To make matters worse, the products of the lipid breakdown are also known to trigger inflammation and cell death. Together, these facts compellingly suggest that SMase plays a critical role in the heretofore myst...

MicroRNAs can be tumor suppressors

...inds to the 3?end of the HMGA2 mRNA transcript and suppresses its expression in the cell cytosol. However, chromosomal breaks that shorten the 3?end of the HMGA2 transcript,and prevent let-7 binding, result in aberrantly high levels of HMGA2 expression and tumorigenesis (formation of tumors). This paper est...

'Juiced-up' battery fueled by sugar could power small portable electronics

...apted this test to determine if the brain actually suppresses the distraction. Mango Veling asked study subjects to remember words that were strongly associated with each other. For example, fruit-mango, fruit-peach, animal-giraffe, animal-sheep. Subsequently all of these words passed by on a screen an...

Molecular tools make the cut

...apted this test to determine if the brain actually suppresses the distraction. Mango Veling asked study subjects to remember words that were strongly associated with each other. For example, fruit-mango, fruit-peach, animal-giraffe, animal-sheep. Subsequently all of these words passed by on a screen an...

Brain fends off distractions

...apted this test to determine if the brain actually suppresses the distraction. Mango Veling asked study subjects to remember words that were strongly associated with each other. For example, fruit-mango, fruit-peach, animal-giraffe, animal-sheep. Subsequently all of these words passed by on a screen an...

'Exercise pill' switches on gene that tells cells to burn fat

...found that activation of PPAR-d in these mice also suppresses the inflammatory response associated with arthrosclerosis. But the genetic metabolic engineering that created the marathon mouse is permanent, turned on before birth. While a dramatic proof of concept that metabolic engineering is a potentially v...

HIV-1 kills immune cells in the gut that may never bounce back

..." After three years of intensive drug therapy that suppresses HIV replication very effectively, most patients still had only half the normal number of CD4+ effector memory T cells in their GI tracts. "Obviously the first question is, why" What's the mechanism"" Markowitz says. A second paper, published o...

Studies find general mechanism of cellular aging

Three separate studies confirm a gene that suppresses tumor cell growth also plays a key role in aging. The researchers found increasing concentration, or expression, of the gene p16INK4a in older cells; these aging cells worked poorly compared to young cells and remembered their "age" even when transfe...

Rescuing injured hearts by enhancing regeneration

... an enzyme known as p38 MAP kinase, which normally suppresses cardiomyocyte replication. [See: www.childrenshospital.org/newsroom/Site1339/mainpageS1339P1sublevel139.html ] Engel and Keating (Keating is now at the Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research) now build on this finding. They studied 120 rats, ...

Antioxidant protects against lung damage in silicosis

...creased in silicosis," said Dr. Ishigatsubo. "HO-1 suppresses reactive oxygen species activity, and its subsequent pathologic changes, thereby reducing disease progression." The researchers noted that their work was the first to demonstrate that HO-1 is synthesized in the lungs of patients with silicosis, th...

Two-faced protein can stop metastasis or promote it, researchers say

...t promote cell movement. "We show that E-cadherin suppresses invasion, at least in part, by binding to p120 protein in the cell," Anastasiadis says. "If E-cadherin is missing, p120 is free to bind to mesenchymal cadherins, setting off a process that leads to metastasis." Thus, p120 acts as a "rheostat" that p...

New data from NIH lab confirms protocol to reverse type 1 diabetes in mice

... with Freund's complete adjuvant, a substance that suppresses the activity of the immune cells that destroy islets in type 1 diabetes. They also introduced donor spleen cells to retrain the immune system not to attack islets and found that the protocol not only halted the immune destruction caused by diabetes ...

Signaling for cartilage

...into cartilage cells when one master gene actually suppresses the action of another, said Baylor College of Medicine researchers in a report that appears online in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Skeletons are made of bone and cartilage cells that are differentiated from the same m...

Gene therapy study takes aim at prostate cancer

...uced into the tumors of animals lacking RTVP-1, it suppresses the formation of new blood vessels. It causes what is known as "apoptosis" or programmed cell death in prostate cancer cells and also activates the immune system to fight cancer cells. "We are proceeding carefully, step-by-step," said Kadmon. He sa...

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