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Tag: "substances" at biology news

Scratch no more: Gene for itch sensation discovered

...rowth. As a result of research like this, a lot of substances have been made that block the activity of GRPR. So now researchers can study the effect of these agents on the itch sensation and possibly move that research to clinical applications fairly soon."...

Simulations unravel outer membrane transport mechanism

...a simple task. The cells must be selective in what substances they take up, and the outer membrane contains no energy-generating machinery to power the job of hauling large molecules inside. The new study examined an outer membrane transport system that depends on an energy-generating inner membrane protein,...

Researchers examine carbon capture and storage to combat global warming

...nt drizzles down, soaking up the gas where the two substances meet. The carbon dioxide is then extracted from the liquid and compressed, now ready for storage. The best storage options today lie in geologic sequestration-storage in old oil fields, natural gas reservoirs, deep saline aquifers and unminable co...

Progress toward an antitumor vaccine

...ery characteristic manner. Mucins are mucilaginous substances that protect the surfaces of mucus membranes. They are glycoproteins—macromolecules with a central protein chain and long side chains made of polysaccharides. The modified MUC1 would be a good target molecule (antigen) for antibodies in immunological...

Researchers develop buckyballs to fight allergy

...blood. When mast cells are activated, inflammatory substances such as histamine, heparin and a number of cytokines are rapidly released into the tissues and blood, promoting an allergic response. The researchers found that the unique structure of the buckyball enables it to bind to free radicals dramatically...

Cancer patients monitor fatigue in real time

...e bone marrow, causing anemia and by forming toxic substances in the body that interfere with normal cell functions. "People who are having problems breathing -- another symptom of some cancers -- may also experience fatigue." According to Hacker, this is the first study of real-time collection of fatigue...

New knowledge improves rice quality

...more accurately. The role of important substances such as starch and amylose in cooking rice and how they are measured. "IRRI is very fortunate to have a strong foundation of previous rice quality research to build on," Dr. Fitzgerald said. "We needed that to ensure we made the right decisi...

100 percent of pregnant women have at least one kind of pesticide in their placenta

...irectly responsible for more than 110,000 chemical substances which have been generated since the Industrial Rev... exposure"), every day humans ingest many of these substances which cannot be assimilated by our body, and are accumulated in the fatty parts of our tissues. Thi...

Research says boiling broccoli ruins its anti-cancer properties

... because of the high concentration in Brassicas of substances known as glucosinolates which are metabolized to cancer preventive substances known as isothiocyanates. However before this research it was not known how the glucosinolates and i...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

... related to the capacity of these cells to release substances (trophic factors) that induce an increase of the dopaminergic cells (that usually exist in the normal brain but in lower quantities). Amongst these trophic factors is the GNDF (Glial Cell-derived Neurotrophic Factor). Cells extracted from the caro...

Revealing the machinery underlying the 'plastic' juvenile brain

... brains triggered telltale chemical alterations in substances called histones that were not triggered in the adult brains. Such histones are protein components of the spools around which DNA winds in chromosomes, and alterations of histones can render the DNA accessible to the machinery that activates genes....

NIDA study identifies genes that might help some people abstain from smoking

...d in vulnerability to become dependent on multiple substances include cadherin 13 (a molecule involved in cell adhesion, which governs how cells recognize and connect to their neighbors) and a cyclic G-dependent protein kinase gene, which plays a key role in normal brain development. In addition to genes implic...

Studies force new view on biology of flavonoids

...ary supplements that might inject large amounts of substances the body essentially sees as undesirable foreign compounds. Numerous studies in the United States and Europe have documented a relationship between adequate dietary intake of flavonoid-rich foods, mostly fruits and vegetables, and protection again...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

...e body are relatively unknown. "These tiny new substances are the tip of a huge chemical iceberg," says Hayes, Manager of the Chemical Safety and Applied Toxicology Laboratories at the University of New South Wales. "Worldwide, there are millions of known chemicals, of which more than 100,000 chemical c...

Antibody therapy prevents type 1 diabetes in mice

...nizes and helps fight infections and other foreign substances in the body -- directed against a receptor known as CD137 on the surface of a type of immune cell called T-cells. Treating NOD mice with the anti-CD137 antibodies significantly suppressed the development of diabetes, whereas most of the control mice ...

Manipulating nature: Scientists query wildlife birth-control method

...side-effects from multiple injections and adjuvant substances (catalysts that modify the action of other agents) designed to boost the effectiveness of immuno-contraceptives. "The most commonly used adjuvant, Freund's adjuvant, also induces a range of undesirable side-effects and its use is being challenged...

Wheat can fatally starve insect predators

... specific protein, called HFR-3, one of a group of substances called lectins, is capable of binding with a carbohydrate complex in the Hessian fly larvae. The lectin acts as a key to the carbohydrate structure, known as a chitin. When the larvae attack a resistant plant, the plant's lectin production quickly...

New findings blow a decade of assumptions out of the water

...that is where nitrogen gas is being converted into substances like nitrate that are usable by life ?in order to understand the environmental controls on nitrogen fixation and its likely response to climate change in the past and in the future, says Curtis Deutsch, a University of Washington research assistant a...

Smoking ban dramatically reduces air pollution in Irish pubs

...rbon benzene was used as a marker for carcinogenic substances because cigarette smoke is a well-known source. They noted that there was an 80.2 percent reduction in benzene concentrations in pubs after the ban, having already established the ambient outdoor levels for benzene in Dublin. Among the bar staff, ...

Scientists discover new life forms in the Arctic Ocean

...ause they contain biliproteins, highly fluorescent substances that transform light into biomass, and phyte meaning they are plants. The discovery came from carefully analyzing DNA sequences belonging to vast communities of micro-organisms living in the ocean. "There was one group of sequences that just didn'...

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