substance 2 2

Tag: "substance" at biology news

Walking molecule now carries packages

...lulose from wood into paper. It is also the parent substance of a large class of dyes and pigments. Its chemical formula is C14H8O2. The UCR study used a scanning tunneling microscope in Bartels's laboratory that gives a precise picture of individual molecules. Experiments took place on a highly polished cop...

Manual dishwashing study digs up dirt on dish cleanliness

... on a few glasses, but it was the least hospitable substance for bacteria," Pascall said. "It seems to have antimicrobial properties, which was a big surprise to us." Lee, a doctoral candidate of food, agricultural and biological engineering, and Pascall, assistant professor of food science and technology, ...

Chemicals in brown algae may protect against skin cancer

...e cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and of the hormone-like substance prostaglandin E2, both of which are strong indicators of inflammation, and for cell proliferation rates. Animals treated with BAPs showed lower levels of both COX-2 and prostaglandin E2. The researchers found that the dietary BAPs reduced COX...

Brain works more chaotically than previously thought

...n of the "white matter" in the brain of rats. This substance contains the "cable ducts" linking the right and left halves of the brain. They consist essentially of axons and ancillary cells. There are no dendrites or even synapses here. "So it is not a place where we would expect to see the release of messenge...

U of MN researchers turn cord blood into lung cells

... cells are responsible for secreting surfactant, a substance which allows the air sacs in the lungs to remain open, allowing air to move in and out of the sacs. The cells are also responsible for helping to repair the airway after injury. "In the future, we may be able to examine cord blood from babies who ...

Scientists crack rhino horn riddle

...core covered by a thin sheath of keratin, the same substance as hair and nails. Rhino horns are unique, however, because they are composed entirely of keratin. Scientists had been puzzled by the difference, but the Ohio University study now has revealed an interesting clue: dark patches running through the cen...

Vaccine-producing 'plant-factories'

...had been investigating the metabolism of starch, a substance that is generated in the chloroplast, when they came across an unexpected type of protein for this type of cell organ. They found that these proteins resisted high temperatures and withstood extreme conditions, characteristics of glycosylate pro...

A silent pandemic: Industrial chemicals are impairing the brain development of children worldwide

...y found a similar pattern in how the risks of each substance were documented: first, a recognition of adult toxicity and episodes of poisoning among children, followed by a growing body of epidemiological evidence that exposure to lower levels of the substances caused neurobehavioral deficits in children. "...

BC catalyst discovery promises faster, cheaper drug production

Boston College chemists have discovered a substance that will make it possible for scientists to produ...an now be achieved in a single transformation. The substance also contains no metals and is therefore more environmentally friendly than many other catalysts. ...

A new target for painkillers

...s" in nerve injury. McIntosh emphasized neither substance will be on the market soon. Vc1.1, also known as ACV1, is being developed by an Australian company, Metabolic, and is undergoing trials of its effectiveness in human patients. While Metabolic has said the drug targets nicotinic receptors, McIntosh sa...

New HIV statistics indicate increasing toll of AIDS on African American community

...o society; and ensuring that their HIV prevention, substance abuse, mental health and housing needs are met pri...l require an increased investment in education and substance abuse programs designed to prevent people from using injection drugs in the first place and help cur...

A natural chemical found in strawberries boosts memory in healthy mice

...fact, fisetin worked almost as well as rolipram, a substance known to enhance memory. Memory loss caused by neurodegenerative disease occurs due to loss of neurons, a situation very different from that of healthy mice. Thus the ultimate goal is to stop neuronal loss. Nevertheless, memory-enhancing drugs can...

Brains can recover from alcoholic damage but patients should stop drinking as soon as possible

...ence pays off and enables the brain to regain some substance and to perform better. However, our research also ...lso demonstrate and quantify brain regeneration in substance and function. Data analysis is crucial to these endeavours, and modern software such as the tools de...

New data from NIH lab confirms protocol to reverse type 1 diabetes in mice

...etic (NOD) mice with Freund's complete adjuvant, a substance that suppresses the activity of the immune cells that destroy islets in type 1 diabetes. They also introduced donor spleen cells to retrain the immune system not to attack islets and found that the protocol not only halted the immune destruction cau...

Why Popeye only has eyes for spinach

...other carotenoid, zeaxanthin, form an oily, yellow substance at a central point of the retina known as the macula. This yellow oil, called macular pigment, is thought to protect the macula from age-related macular degeneration or AMD, a disease that studies in the UK have shown to affect up to 12% of men and...

Bird flu vaccine additive may stretch supply

..., now available online. MF 59 is an adjuvant--a substance that increases the immune system's ability to respond to a stimulus. For this research, the investigators used inactivated H9N2 influenza vaccines--not the H5N1 virus currently feared as a potential pandemic strain. However, the study does suggest th...

H9N2 avian flu vaccine paired with adjuvant provokes strong human immune response at low doses

When combined with an immune-boosting substance called an adjuvant, low doses of an experimental v...D Director Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. An adjuvant is a substance that is added to a vaccine to boost the body's immune response to the vaccine's antigen. "In the eve...

Microcapsules like it hot and salty

...s filled, the wall must initially allow the active substance through to the inside. Then the capsule shell must be sealed to enclose the contents so that they can be released at the location where they are to take effect. The scientists in Potsdam have now found out that the density and the thickness of the ca...

Smoking changes brain chemistry

...entia and bipolar disorder, as well as in cases of substance abuse, particularly alcohol dependence. Choline concentrations in the ACC were slightly lower in the smokers compared with the nonsmokers, and lower still in the female smokers compared with the male smokers. Choline is significantly involved...

New treatment for severe malaria

...ed by Professor Mats Wahlgren, has now developed a substance that prevents infected blood cells from binding in this way. The substance also releases blood cells already bound. Using this method, scientists have been able to treat sever...

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