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Tag: "structures" at biology news

Methamphetamine Abuse, HIV Infection Cause Changes in Brain Structure

...ificant changes in the volume of brain gray matter structures and cognitive function.?/p> Scientists led by .... Jernigan explains that the changes seen in brain structures could be the result of inflammation in the brain and/or compensatory changes associated with methamp...

Researchers find how some antibiotics kill bacteria

...n their respective crystal structure form. Crystal structures are sets of atoms arranged in ways that are unique...ve bacteria. But the resolution of previous atomic structures wasn't sufficient enough to see that." The higher-resolution images also showed that rifapentin and...

NYU chemists use computer simulation to enhance understanding of DNA transcription

...lding blocks of chromatin that appear as bead-like structures along DNA, fold into a condensed fiber as salt inc.... This folding and the interplay between chromatin structures regulate fundamental gene expression. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this process remai...

Computers close in on protein structure prediction

...l machines, and scientists need to determine their structures to understand how the proteins work. Now, scientists determine structures exclusively by measuring the atomic characteristics of proteins in the lab. In contrast, "in this ca...

Single gene is genetic switch for fly sexual behavior

... can trigger the development of complex anatomical structures like eyes or limbs, by influencing sometimes hundreds of other genes, Dickson notes. "I don't see any good reason why innate behaviors, which are a consequence of how the nervous system is built, should be any different. Indeed, I think that is what...

Environmental lessons from tsunami as world's coastal population doubles

...e protection from a coastal disaster than man-made structures such as sea walls or artificial reefs. Globally 23 per cent of the world's population (1.2 billion people) live within 100 km of the coast and this figure is likely to increase to 50 per cent in the next twenty five years as people flock to coastal ...

New law for resolution allows unprecedented sharpness in fluorescence microscopy

...of cell interiors to the measuring of lithographic structures in microchip manufacturing, and substantial improv...t STED microscopy allows one to image lithographic structures (which had been previously dyed with a fluorescent dye) of width as small as 40-80 nm, a size previo...

Molecular mechanism of feather formation found

... to produce barb ridges, which are among the first structures to form in the tufted branches of the simple downy...d that during the development of barbs-filamentous structures that form the feather-the function of these two proteins interact. SHH up-regulates its own expressi...

'Cookbook recipes' would cure disease with nontoxic DNA delivery systems

...ies," Wong said. "We found that the same family of structures are generated for many different ions." Gene ther...nionic lipids and DNA molecules self-assemble into structures with alternating layers of DNA and anionic membranes bound together by cations, Wong said. At high m...

Cells direct membrane traffic by channel width

...recent progress, and for aquaporins we've got four structures available, which is really exceptional for membrane channels." For the new study, his team focused on two of them. "Both were from the same bug, E-coli. One was a pure water channel. The other is a glycerol channel," Tajkhorshid said. "Structurally ...

Freeze-dried mats of microbes awaken in Antarctic streambed

...which collectively occur as thin, rubbery mat-like structures that can spread several meters across the streambed surface. The experiment began in the 1994 research season, when the team used sandbags to divert water from an active streambed in the McMurdo Dry Valleys into the dry streambed, she said. A time s...

New discovery blurs distinction between human cells and those of bacteria

...hem now." Yeates' Science paper reveals the first structures of the proteins that make up these shells, and the...d understanding of their architecture, of what the structures look like," said Yeates, who also is a member of the California NanoSystems Institute and UCLA's Mol...

Nighttime Dying Linked To Sleep Apnea From Brain Cell Loss

...hem now." Yeates' Science paper reveals the first structures of the proteins that make up these shells, and the...d understanding of their architecture, of what the structures look like," said Yeates, who also is a member of the California NanoSystems Institute and UCLA's Mol...

Field tested: Grasslands won't help buffer climate change as carbon dioxide levels rise

...hem now." Yeates' Science paper reveals the first structures of the proteins that make up these shells, and the...d understanding of their architecture, of what the structures look like," said Yeates, who also is a member of the California NanoSystems Institute and UCLA's Mol...

Yale scientists identify structure for RNA quality control

...ze how Ro interacts with these RNAs. "The crystal structures of Ro revealed two distinct RNA binding sites, one...ze how Ro interacts with these RNAs. "The crystal structures of Ro revealed two distinct RNA binding sites, one of which recognizes misfolded small RNAs. Unlike ...

Rutgers to lead $52.7 million protein research program

...ated expertise and achievements in determining the structures of many different types of proteins using a variet...of a national effort to find the three-dimensional structures of a wide range of protein molecules, building upon the momentum created by such groundbreaking prog...

Micro RNAs play role in egg making

...eins, including ones that produce ribosomes. These structures constitute the cell's protein-making machinery, and their shutdown would render cells unable to produce new proteins. The investigators also found that miRNAs appear to attenuate protein turnover. They speculate that this function may allow a develo...

North & South American researchers find architectural abnormalities in T. cruzi ribosome

...w York, who had pioneered the analysis of ribosome structures by a method he developed for three-dimensional reconstruction of large molecules using electron microscopy and image processing. Levin told him the story of Chagas and the need to know more about the structure of the parasite's ribosome. A ribosome ...

Virginia Tech football player uses prototype cast

... resulting stiffness and strength of the laminated structures has not been fully evaluated, but qualitative testing has shown that these structures are demonstrably stiffer than the current commercial devices already available." Love added that th...

Out of sight, out of mind? Not necessarily

...d our study also begins to shed light on the brain structures that are necessary for consciousness, with the primary visual cortex playing an essential role for visual awareness." The phenomenon of "blindsight" has been reported in patients with brain damage who report not seeing something but correctly ident...

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