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Tag: "structures" at biology news

Migratory songbirds have a specialized night-vision brain area

...ins, and in Jarvis's laboratory analyzed the brain structures for the active expression of two genes called ZENK and c-fos that signal activity in a particular brain region. The researchers found that the night-migratory species showed strikingly high activity in a particular cluster of cells located adjacent ...

The lopsided brain: Attention bias is shared by humans and birds

...is shared by birds, suggesting not only that brain structures thought to play a requisite role in pseudoneglect may not actually be essential for this phenomenon, but also that pseudoneglect may reflect evolutionary adaptations that allow animals to devote attention to multiple aspects of their environment. Th...

Researchers make surprise discovery that some neurons can transmit three signals at once

...and self-selecting to assemble into specific brain structures and neuronal networks. It has long been known that a specific receptor for glutamate, the NMDA receptor, plays a crucial role in these processes, but how inhibitory synapses, which account for about half of the brain's cellular connections, would gai...

Symbiotic bacteria protect hunting wasps from fungal infestation

...n beewolf, harbors Streptomyces bacteria in unique structures within its antennae and that females utilize these bacterial symbionts to protect the wasp larvae against pathogenic fungi. Detrimental microorganisms are a permanent threat to higher organisms, and because of their high reproductive potential and a...

Molecular fossils uncover link between viruses and the immune system

...iocenter, University of Helsinki, show that atomic structures can reveal evolutionary history of viruses in a si... which have permitted detailed comparison of viral structures in atomic detail. Such comparison led to the discovery that viruses without any sequence homology ma...

Designing vaccines by computer

...hey look for common patterns in their sequences or structures and use the information to create a theoretical model of what is needed for one of these fragments to trigger an immune response. They can then employ computers to search for similar sequences in the thousands of sequences now available. When the sea...

Purdue researchers use enzyme to clip 'DNA wires'

...resent potential future applications for DNA-based structures in computers created with "molecular electronics,"... snip DNA so that scientists can alter the genetic structures of organisms like bacteria. DNA molecules contain "bases" called guanine, adenine, thymine and cyto...

Precise Timing Enabled Pig-to-rat Transplants To Cure Diabetes

...here insulin is made, is different. "There are no structures similar to the islets of Langerhans, only individual endocrine cells engrafted in the omentum. This is a perfect place for them to release insulin where it will do the most good -- directly into a key blood vessel known as the portal vein," Hammerman...

Next Generation Body Scanner Launched By The University Of Manchester

...canner will enable researchers to create images of structures in the body such as individual vessels in the brain, nerves and cartilage. Researchers working in the fields of cancer, stroke and mental illness will be among the first to benefit from the scanner. By studying patients, they will be able to look ...

Human Eggs Can Develop From Ovarian Surface Cells In Vitro

...mble together to form new primary follicles -- the structures that grow and rupture during ovulation to release mature eggs. However, definitive proof that new oocytes may develop in adult human females will be if they can be found to differentiate in vitro from OSE cells derived from adult human ovaries. For ...

Venom doc tracks down snake bioweapons

... to form intramolecular disulfide linkages. "These structures provided an excellent framework for the 60-80 million years of 'evolutionary tinkering' that have turned these proteins into potent, highly specific snake venom toxins," Fry concluded. ...

A probe, not an echo

...ly order-of-magnitude improvement in resolution of structures in soft tissue (i.e., 0.4 mm, compared to 2 mm for...m found it possible to identify various anatomical structures within the kidney based on their distinctive attenuation characteristics, so that computerized algor...

Innovative coating could give medical implants a longer life

...processing equipment, ship hulls and other manmade structures in the marine environment. Looking for a solution to the longevity problem in existing coatings, Messersmith teamed up with Annelise Barron, associate professor of chemical and biological engineering and an author on the paper. Barron is an expert a...

Lipids get new comprehensive classification system

...fferences involve clarification of the use of core structures to simplify systematic naming of some of the more ...ised a common scheme for representing the chemical structures of individual lipids and their derivatives. The concept underlying the new methodology is that head ...

Mice brains shrink during winter, impairing some learning and memory

...nin, and also to examine seasonal changes in brain structures in other types of mammals. ...

DNA constraints control structure of attached macromolecules

...neously, the balance between competing RNA and DNA structures is controlled by the concentration of magnesium ions, Silverman said. In work not yet published, the researchers have also shown that the effects of the DNA constraint on the RNA structure can be modulated by external stimuli such as DNA oligonucleo...

UN successfully tests 'green' pesticide against locusts

...neously, the balance between competing RNA and DNA structures is controlled by the concentration of magnesium ions, Silverman said. In work not yet published, the researchers have also shown that the effects of the DNA constraint on the RNA structure can be modulated by external stimuli such as DNA oligonucleo...

Tamoxifen-like drug suggests new ways to selectively block estrogen

...more realistic, Greene said. "We used to solve the structures of one or two molecules a year. Now we have 40 to 50 in progress." GW5638 was developed as a variation on tamoxifen in the early 1990s by co-author Tim Willson and colleagues at what was then Glaxo Wellcome, hence the name GW5638. McDonnell, at Duke...

Health costs soar as 60 million Americans classed as obese

...neously, the balance between competing RNA and DNA structures is controlled by the concentration of magnesium ions, Silverman said. In work not yet published, the researchers have also shown that the effects of the DNA constraint on the RNA structure can be modulated by external stimuli such as DNA oligonucleo...

UCLA cancer researchers shake loose hidden biomarker

...cell. We found that if we disturbed hollow tubular structures called microtubules, part of the cell's framework, we were able to relocate PSMA from its 'hidden' location on the apical membrane to an accessible area in the basolateral surface." To cause this disturbance and the resulting relocation of PSMA, Raj...

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