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Tag: "structure" at biology news

Studies reveal how plague disables immune system, and how to exploit the process to make a vaccine

...ponse but retaining enough of the normal protein's structure to generate protective antibodies. Out of 11 altered versions they found one that met both criteria. In mouse and human macrophages, version rV10, missing amino acids 271 through 300, triggered only small amounts of IL-10 and had little effect on TN...

Scientists discover global pattern of big fish diversity in open oceans

...outh-Eastern Pacific ?provide new insight into the structure of life in the open ocean and a focus for conserva...ething about the connection of diversity and ocean structure and it shows that human activity is changing those patterns for the largest fish." Hotspots for Con...

The making and breaking of microtubules

...ubules are active protein polymers critical to the structure and function of cells and the process of cell divi...stabilized tubulin structures, but nobody knew the structure of the transitional states. Our goal was to understand the process of microtubule assembly and disas...

Fungus-farming termites descend from an African rain forest Eve

...can grow very large, the fungus grows on a special structure called the comb, which is maintained by the termites by the continual addition of new plant material. Researchers Duur Aanen (University of Copenhagen) and Paul Eggleton (The Natural History Museum London), having sampled 58 colonies of fungus-culti...

Certain fish have a special mating preference

...due to the pre-existing preference for an elongate structure of a similar shape -- the gonopodium." ...

IMF Launches World’s First DNA Database for Myeloma Patients

...due to the pre-existing preference for an elongate structure of a similar shape -- the gonopodium." ...

Mapping neuron connections in the brain

...t of the difficulty in mapping lies in the complex structure of arbors. Amirikian has improved on past methods by developing a theoretical framework requiring only two-dimensional drawings of arbors. Such drawings are already available in the neuroscience literature for many types of neurons. With this method,...

Proteomics brings researchers closer to understanding microbes that produce acid mine drainage

... are enzymes that function to maintain the correct structure of other proteins that are exposed to the unusually harsh acidic environment," added Michael Thelen, a protein biochemist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. Last year's paper reporting the community genome showed that a minor organism in the...

Using nanoparticles, in vivo gene therapy activates brain stem cells

...hybrid, organically modified silica (ORMOSIL), the structure and composition of which allow for the development of an extensive library of tailored nanoparticles to target gene therapies for different tissues and cell types. A key advantage of the UB team's nanoparticle is its surface functionality, which all...

Genetic links could unlock clues to leading cause of blindness

...mals, a rhesus monkey's eyes have the same complex structure as a human eye, making them a model study subject. They're so similar, he said he sometimes slips images of rhesus monkey eyes into presentations for medical residents to see if anyone notices the difference. "I haven't been caught yet," he said. "O...

Brown-Harvard team solves mobile DNA's surgical sleight-of-hand

...nd Harvard Medical School team reveals the crystal structure of λ-integrase (λ-INT), the protein responsible for this DNA doctoring in the lambda virus, which infects and lives off Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. The findings are important because lambda is a model virus used to understand mobile DNA, ac...

Scientists take aim at virulent bacteria by decoding machinery of key control enzyme

...ssistant Professor, have now solved the co-crystal structure of the Dam enzyme in complex with DNA, which has a...ructure, we have been able to see the specific Dam structure in action, including the way it binds to the DNA and moves along the base pairs as it recognizes and...

ORNL, UC Berkeley unravel real-world clues to Earth's mysteries

...ochemical cycles, scientists know little about the structure and activities within these communities. This is b...rovides interesting details of microbial community structure and function, a great deal of work remains to more fully explore the spatial and temporal aspects of...

Achilles heel of the herpes virus possibly found

...ell cultures a synthetic peptide made to mimic the structure of a smaller region of the B5 receptor. This pepti...he DNA sequence to find out more about the protein structure of the B5 receptor. In the presentation at the International Congress for Virology, Fuller will desc...

Scientists discover the body's marijuana-like compounds are crucial for stress-induced pain relief

...e brain are involved in the effect, most notably a structure in the midbrain known as the periaqueductal gray. In this region, stress causes the release of the naturally occurring marijuana-like compounds in the brain. A drug derived from the new research would likely be more effective and specific than smoke...

Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein

... at The Scripps Research Institute have solved the structure of a crucial human immune system molecule called T...l composed of 23 leucine-rich repeats (LRRs). The structure reveals details of TLR3 that have never been seen before, an essential step toward fully understandi...

Self-assembled DNA buckyballs for drug delivery

...n diameter. The DNA/polystyrene "rods" forming the structure are each about 15 nm long. (While still on the nan...NA buckyball is hollow, and the open spaces in the structure allow water to enter. Dan Luo, Cornell assistant professor of biological and environmental engineeri...

Researchers Discover That Microbes Can Produce Miniature Electrical Wires

...chusetts Amherst have discovered a tiny biological structure that is highly electrically conductive. This breakthrough helps describe how microorganisms can clean up groundwater and produce electricity from renewable resources. It may also have applications in the emerging field of nanotechnology, which develo...

Major advance made on DNA structure

...e made significant new advances in determining the structure of all possible DNA sequences ?a discovery that in...ft off, after outlining in 1953 the double-helical structure of this biological blueprint for life. One of the fundamental problems in biochemistry is to predic...

Using computers and DNA to count bacteria

...ivision, describes a new approach to capturing the structure of bacterial communities in soil. In addition, the study provides insight into the devastating effects of metal pollution on those bacterial populations. Why is this important, you ask? It turns out that in our technology-driven world, with biosenso...

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