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Tag: "structural" at biology news

Membrane research opens window to benefits for plants, humans

...nts, both mechanisms are mediated through the same structural elements of the protein -- that is by plugging th...ongated intracellular loop." By atomic scale, the structural difference between open and closed channels is telling. When open, the protein allows water to go th...

SLU researchers uncover direct evidence on how HIV invades healthy cells

...e to illuminate the process. "Many biological and structural aspects of HIV integration are undefined," said Sibes Bera, Ph.D. "Therefore, any insight into the molecular mechanism of this process is significant in developing integrase inhibitors." Integrase, which was discovered by SLU researchers in 1978, i...

First big influenza genome study reveals flu evolution

...esearchers classify type A influenzas according to structural variations in two surface proteins: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). Like changing coats, the influenza virus changes the shape of these HA or NA proteins when it accumulates minor mutations or reassorts more dramatically. The human immune ...

Gene controls whether fear is a factor

...howed an unusual number of microtubules, which are structural components of the cytoskeleton. Stathmin normally controls the assembly and breakdown of the cellular scaffolds, Shumyatsky explained. "For memory, the brain needs to quickly disassemble and rebuild microtubules to form connections where they are ne...

Magnetic probe successfully tracks implanted cells in cancer patients

...hod and provided anatomic detail simultaneously -- structural detail not possible by tracking radioactivity. "On the MR images, we can see the lymph nodes, and we can see the magnetically labeled dendritic cells, and we can tell very clearly whether they are in the same place," says the study's first author, ...

MIT researcher finds neuron growth in adult brain

...e of Public Library of Science (PLoS) Biology that structural remodeling of neurons does in fact occur in mature... only a handful changed; in all, 14 percent showed structural modifications. Sometimes no change for weeks was followed by a growth spurt. There were incremental ...

Bacteria which sense the Earth's magnetic field

...type cells. It resembled a similar structure which structural biologists from Martinsried had already imaged in three dimensions in other cells. This shed light on the crux of the problem with the magnetosome chain: although in the wild type, the magnetosomes lay like pearls on a string along the filament, in t...

University of Delaware researchers develop cancer 'nanobomb'

... Also, it can be spread over a wide area to create structural damage to the cancer cells that are close by. The nanobombs are superior to a variety of current treatments because they are powerful, selective, non-invasive, nontoxic and can incorporate current technology, including microsurgery. An advantag...

A new window into structural plasticity in the adult visual cortex

...rons. But it has remained an open question whether structural changes accompany this functional plasticity. In a...euron firing--but few have focused on the possible structural dynamics of a range of different neuron types. Surprisingly, the only neurons they saw growing were...

New molecule may aid in production of biofuels and fungi-resistant plants

...s, algae, insects, fungi and yeasts and is a major structural component of these organisms. For example, chitin gives strength and stiffness to the shells/cuticles of shrimps and insects and to the cell walls of fungi. Because chitin is an abundant resource and, most importantly, because it occurs in several ty...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...a on the stability of the damaged unit. Also, some structural parts of the shelter have corroded in the past two decades. The main potential hazard posed by the shelter is the possible collapse of its top structures and the release of radioactive dust. Strengthening those unstable structures has been performed...

Gene therapy reverses genetic mutation responsible for heart failure in muscular dystrophy

... a year later. There were dramatic biochemical and structural improvements in muscle cells in both groups as wel...ucture. In contrast, untreated hamsters had severe structural and tissue abnormalities of the heart in addition to secondary symptoms of heart failure such as liv...

Housecat-sized Siberian tiger cubs get collared

... actively underwent numerous gene duplications and structural rearrangements, allowing the associated genes to acquire new biological functions. In this month's issue of Genome Research , Dr. Maris Laan and her colleagues report their analysis of the LHB/CGB cluster in three human populations: European Est...

Studies on human genome variation provide insight into disease

... actively underwent numerous gene duplications and structural rearrangements, allowing the associated genes to acquire new biological functions. In this month's issue of Genome Research , Dr. Maris Laan and her colleagues report their analysis of the LHB/CGB cluster in three human populations: European Est...

Human brain is still evolving

...gine that the brain by then would show significant structural differences from the human brain of today." For both Microcephalin and ASPM, Lahn and his colleagues are trying to find out the precise traits that are under natural selection. They are also performing more detailed studies of the two genes in human...

MBL researchers probe how an ancient microbe thrives and evolves without sex

...elloid rotifer genomes and surveyed the diversity, structural organization, and patterns of evolution of DNA transposons. The scientists found that DNA transposons in bdelloid rotifers are in a different, perhaps less damaging, location than those found in other creatures. Many bdelloid DNA transposons have th...

Micro RNAs play role in egg making

...f specific proteins necessary to drive the amazing structural changes seen in embryogenesis. In addition to Carthew and Minden, other authors on the PNAS paper are Kenji Nakahara and Kevin Kim of Northwestern University and Christin Sciulli and Susan Dowd of Carnegie Mellon University. ...

Rutgers to lead $52.7 million protein research program

.... The NESG, and other major programs at Rutgers in structural and computational biology, including the Protein D...of over 40,000 protein structures using methods of structural bioinformatics. Other NIGMS pilot program centers brought the total to about 1,500 structures which ...

Field tested: Grasslands won't help buffer climate change as carbon dioxide levels rise

UCLA biochemists reveal the first structural details of a family of mysterious objects called microcompartments that seem to be present in a variety of bacteria. The discovery was published Aug. 5 in the journal Science. "This is the first look at how microcompartments are built, and what the ...

Nighttime Dying Linked To Sleep Apnea From Brain Cell Loss

UCLA biochemists reveal the first structural details of a family of mysterious objects called microcompartments that seem to be present in a variety of bacteria. The discovery was published Aug. 5 in the journal Science. "This is the first look at how microcompartments are built, and what the ...

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