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Tag: "structural" at biology news

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover key deficiencies in brains of people with autism

...was lower among participants with autism, and that structural connectivity was positively correlated with functional connectivity. The authors believe that the heavy reliance on visualization by people with autism may be an adaptation to compensate for their lower ability to call on frontal regions of the brain...

Chimpanzee study reveals genome variation hotspots

...rry says. In the study, researchers looked at the structural genomic variation in DNA samples of 20 wild-born male chimpanzees. "We identified 355 copy number variants among the genomes of these 20 unrelated chimpanzees and found that the overall chimpanzee genetic diversity may be more extensive than was pre...

Bedsores and bald hides: Novel roles revealed for a 'scaffolding' protein

...d to also influence wound healing and maintain the structural integrity of hair follicles, according to Johns Ho...l death role of K17 is entirely independent of its structural support function and opens interesting doors to understanding hair and skin biology," says Coulombe....

Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity

...en unable to "see" the protein ?using the tools of structural biology ?bound to DNA in its naturally occurring f..." Marmorstein explains. "We knew there had to be a structural rearrangement of the core domains to allow p53 to bind DNA as a dimer. The core domain is what's bin...

With few factors, adult cells take on character of embryonic stem cells

...fined factors," Yamanaka said. Fibroblasts make up structural fibers found in connective tissue. Embryonic stem cells are derived from inner cells of the mammalian blastocyst, a ball of cells that develops after fertilization and goes on to form a developing embryo. Cells from other parts of the body can als...

Molecular DNA switch found to be the same for all life

...l for survival, but, despite decades of study, the structural and molecular basis for initiating DNA replication...me construction to a new level." Biochemist and structural biologist James Berger, a participant in both studies added, "Our findings of evolutionary kinship b...

When the going gets tough, slime molds start synthesizing

...ned approach involving bioinformatics, enzymology, structural biology and genetics to get at the heart of why organisms exploit natural chemicals to survive and prosper in challenging ecosystems." When slime molds starve, they collectively form a multicellular slug-like creature that locomotes en masse to a w...

Researchers uncover new mechanism of tumor suppressor

...ork. The paper based on their work describes the structural aspects of the tumor suppressor action, while functional studies were accomplished by Gozani's group, and are the subject of the second report that will appear in Nature titled ING2 PHD domain links histone H3 lysine 4 methylation to active gene repr...

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...nes have undergone rapid functional innovation and structural change during the last 40 million years, presumably contributing to unique characteristics that separate humans from non-human primate ancestors. With the sequencing of major primate genomes, researchers are able to more preci...

Rehydrate -- your RNA needs it

...r than a network of hydrogen bonds, to communicate structural changes from one part of the molecule to another. So far, the researchers have focused on one particular ribozyme, but Walter predicts the findings will apply to other RNAs. If so, those findings should be of great interest to scientists who are le...

With few factors, adult cells take on character of embryonic stem cells

...fined factors," Yamanaka said. Fibroblasts make up structural fibers found in connective tissue. Embryonic stem cells are derived from inner cells of the mammalian blastocyst, a ball of cells that develops after fertilization and goes on to form a developing embryo. Cells from other parts of the body can als...

Key stress protein linked to toxicities responsible for Parkinson's, Alzheimer's

...bly other types of cellular stress can cause small structural defects that lead to protein misfolding. If the misfolded proteins cannot be refolded properly or degraded, they may build up in the cell to cause dysfunction. Defects in either the protein folding or degradation pathways can lead to accumulation o...

Unusual mechanism keeps repair protein accurate

...en by accident we learned that this was not just a structural connection, but that it is critical to the protein's ability to replicate DNA with very few mistakes." For this study, Suo and his colleagues wanted to learn how efficiently the new protein made new DNA. But the researchers initially considered th...

Flick of a protein switches immune response

...body contains around 3,000. "The work provides a structural demonstration of combinatorial control of gene expression," Chen said. "This is, in my view, the most direct demonstration that this is indeed happening in nature." The researchers were able to identify single genes that were activated by NFAT in c...

Memory loss affects more of the brain than previously thought

...al lobes of the brain. Previous studies looking at structural changes alone have shown evidence that brain atrophy in the earliest stages of AD tends to be restricted to the temporal lobe, a region critical to long-term memory formation. "Involvement of both the frontal and temporal lobes in the earliest stage...

Carnegie Mellon researchers discover new cell properties

...so found that the normal aged nuclei show the same structural changes as HGPS," Dahl said. ...

Speeding discovery of the 'human cancer genome'

...'s and Lowe's groups already relied on large-scale structural changes to chromosomes as a way of identifying are...e, more than 100 genomic regions exhibit recurring structural changes, not all of which appear to be important, she said. One way to narrow down the number of reg...

New potential drug target in tuberculosis

...tion Biology (MPIIB) in Berlin have now obtained a structural image of a protein that the bacterium needs for su...re traditional drugs have lost their efficacy." A structural picture of the protein - a kind of technical diagram of its building plan - has yielded important cl...

Researchers find molecular 'brake' to cell death

...in the cell cytoplasm. Nucleotides are the primary structural chemical units that make up DNA, RNA and proteins, and they combine to play a variety of roles in the cell, such as formation of ATP. However, through a series of biological and biochemical experiments, Tang and his research team found that adding A...

Science finds new fix for UV-damaged skin in arthritis treatment

...tion in melanin and an increase in collagen ?a key structural protein in skin. Three double-blinded placebo- controlled clinical studies involving more than 200 subjects, including a study supervised by Dr. Kimball, showed improvement in hyperpigmentation and skin tone and a decrease in the size of age spots. T...

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