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Tag: "stress" at biology news

What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging

...ess. The prevailing theory has been that oxidative stress -- damage caused to cells by rogue oxygen atoms known as reactive oxygen species -- shortens lifespan. Animals that could best prevent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, neutralize them, or repair the damage it causes, would live the longest, ...

Far more than a meteor killed dinos

...e time suffered from the heat. Most adapted to the stress conditions by dwarfing, growing less than half their normal size and reproducing rapidly with many offspring to increase the chances for survival. The Chicxulub impact coincided with this time. By the time climate cooled back to normal, most tropical...

'Fruit fly dating game' provides clues to our reproductive prowess

...e time suffered from the heat. Most adapted to the stress conditions by dwarfing, growing less than half their normal size and reproducing rapidly with many offspring to increase the chances for survival. The Chicxulub impact coincided with this time. By the time climate cooled back to normal, most tropical...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...they generally are at greater risk for nutritional stress because of pregnancy and lactation and their smaller homes ranges. "The general scenario supported by these results, then, is that an increase in the frequency of uncontrollable periods of low energy intake in one part of the orangutan's geographic...

Researchers use multiphoton microscopy to watch chromosomes in action

...ion of proteins, which protect the fly against the stress of heating. "Whenever a cell is stressed -- bingo, it will produce proteins that will help the cell resist stress," said Webb, Cornell professor of applied physics and the S.B. Eckert Professor in Engineering. The process is triggered by a molecule ...

Sunflower speciation highlights roles for transposable elements in evolution

...ed to salt marshes. Both hybridization and abiotic stress have been implicated as natural agents of activation and proliferation of transposable elements. ...

Insulin receptor stops progression of Alzheimer's disease

... delta had the most benefit for reducing oxidative stress and improving learning and memory. "That was the most spectacular," de la Monte says, "because everybody wants something for cognitive impairment, and that was the most improved with the PPAR delta agonist." Researchers were not able to stop the de...

Buildup of damaged DNA in cells drives aging

...esponse appears to have evolved to protect against stress caused by DNA damage or the wear-and-tear of normal living. The authors speculate that this stress response allows each of us to live as long and as healthy a life as possible despite the accumulatio...

Very low birth weight linked to reduced quality of life in pre-school children

...chers suggest that this could be related to higher stress levels in early life as no specific link was established between longer stays and reduced physical functioning. The researchers also discovered that children with very low birth weights scored better on emotional and social quality of life scales i...

Too mellow for our predatory world

... capable of adapting their behaviour and endocrine stress response to novel predation threats. Scientists fr...nd Princeton University were able to show that the stress response induced by corticosterone (CORT) is absent in predator-naïve animals but can be fully rest...

Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing

...r cuff repair. Measuring properties called maximum stress and maximum force, the researchers found that shoulder joints in the nicotine-exposed rats were weaker. "Those changes were most apparent at earlier time points, and shoulder strength tended to equalize between the two groups about 8 weeks after s...

Research links 'ecstasy' to survival of key movement-related cells in brain

... tested as a possible treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. ...

Dragonfly's metabolic disease provides clues about human obesity

...ng molecule, p38 MAP kinase, a common indicator of stress response in humans and other animals. The signaling molecule was chronically activated in the flight muscles of parasite-infected dragonflies, but not in muscles from healthy dragonflies. Activation of p38 MAP kinase has been shown to be related to...

Pleasure and pain: Study shows brain's 'pleasure chemical' is involved in response to pain too

...o acquire a drug addiction during times of intense stress in their lives. It may also yield clues to why some, but not other chronic pain patients may be prone to developing addictions to certain pain medications. And, it gives further evidence that vulnerability to drug addiction is a very individual pheno...

First-time analysis reveals millions of Europeans left at risk from influenza

...on for visualising our vaccination goals. I cannot stress enough the urgency of action for public health officials and governments across Europe to address this issue today and prepare for a pandemic tomorrow," concluded Dr Osterhaus. ...

Coral stress 'like never in history'

...ef management practices as today’s reefs face more stress than ever. But while the ancient reefs warn that we are seeing abnormal die-off rates, they also show that the reefs of the past recovered rapidly after these events, taking as little as 100 years to be repopulated by the corals that normally occu...

Research suggests beta agonists may alter the immune system

... chemicals our bodies produce during times of high stress ?may worsen diseases such as asthma, heart failure...s that elevate blood adrenaline, such as emotional stress or heart failure, may also have the ability to alter the immune system by increasing type 2 T cells,...

Poor athletic performance linked to vitamin deficiency

...ch, as well as less competitive individuals. The stress on the body's energy producing pathways during exercise, the changes in the body's tissues resulting from training, an increase in the loss of nutrients in sweat, urine and feces during and after strenuous activity and the additional nutrients needed...

Protein 'fingerprint' in spinal fluid could spot Alzheimer's disease

... excitement over the new findings, the researchers stress that the results still need to be replicated in much larger populations. "There's a federally funded, multicenter trial going on right now that involves many more patients, in which many enrollees will undergo spinal taps and brain imaging," Relki...

Pattern of human Ebola outbreaks linked to wildlife and climate

...nforest, which indicates that severe environmental stress may facilitate disease transmission. In the study, the researchers urge that public education is needed to decrease human contact with potentially infected wildlife by discouraging people from scavenging dead animals and by promoting safe huntin...

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