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Tag: "stress" at biology news

Elderly mice yield clues to the process of growing old

...ins aging. A competing theory holds that oxidative stress -- the body's reaction to oxygen and the productio...ng to the new Science report, markers of oxidative stress did not parallel the accumulation of mitochondrial genetic mutations. Instead, the group found evide...

MERIS monitoring tracks planetary photosynthesis levels

...f terrestrial plant cover, identifying areas under stress and assessing damage from drought or fires. An algorithm developed by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (EC-JRC) in Ispra, Italy is the basis for global monthly photosynthesis maps derived from MERIS imagery. Their production represent...

UCSD study clarifies insulin's role in blocking release of energy in patients with type II diabetes

...gator, found that high levels of insulin can block stress hormones known as catecholamines, which normally cause the release of cellular energy. Adrenaline is the best known example of a catecholamine. For normal metabolism to occur, the body needs a balanced input of insulin and catecholamines. One of the ...

Newly Discovered Role for Heart Response Enzyme May Yield Better Heart Failure Therapy

...ise or stress. In heart failure patients, chronic stress leads to an excess of adrenaline, over-stimulating beta-adrenergic receptors, a process that results in receptor desensitization and loss, Rockman said. Earlier work by Rockman's team identified PI(3)K as being required for beta-adrenergic receptors...

Methamphetamine Abuse, HIV Infection Cause Changes in Brain Structure

...(involved in memory and learning). The scientists stress that among the recent methamphetamine abusers in the study, the degree of volume increase in the parietal cortex was associated with worse cognitive function. “In HIV-infected people, the cognitive impairments are associated with decreased employmen...

High carbon dioxide levels spur Southern pines to grow more needles

... area, but then they get hit very hard under water stress because they have they extra leaf area they are no longer able to support," she said. Much of the leaf volume information for her study came after she and others weighed basketfuls of needles that had fallen into collection baskets at the FACE site,...

Solution to 'legionella'

...eria and, on the other, they generate an oxidative stress that is transmitted throughout the water refrigeration system. This stress, together with the continuous loss of circulating bacteria throughout the system, reduces the formation of biofilm even at extremely low levels ?and maintains this to such an ...

miRNAs and musculature

...nance of muscle integrity and identity in times of stress induced by growth. Dr. Sokol proposes that "Mir-1 could function generally to maintain muscle cell identity by ensuring that mRNAs from promiscuously transcribed nonmuscle genes remain inactive." Their work adds to the emerging range of functions t...

India's smoking gun: Dino-killing eruptions

...e dinosaurs. "Our view is that impact added to the stress already generated by an ongoing massive eruption, enhancing significantly the extent of the extinction, which would however have taken place even if the impact had not occurred." Wiped out in the K-T mass extinction were 80-90% of marine species and...

New study finds how cells with damaged DNA alert the immune system

...rivation and starvation. However, the only type of stress that set off the sequence of events associated with impairment of a cell's genetic material -- the DNA damage pathway -- was exposure to radiation and chemotherapy drugs. They found that cells in which the DNA damage pathway was triggered were the o...

Renewed hope for Parkinson's patients

...rivation and starvation. However, the only type of stress that set off the sequence of events associated with impairment of a cell's genetic material -- the DNA damage pathway -- was exposure to radiation and chemotherapy drugs. They found that cells in which the DNA damage pathway was triggered were the o...

Costly breeding programs for endangered species pay off

...e questioned the need for such programs, which can stress rare animals, even to the point of death. Rice's results, which are available online, are scheduled to appear in an upcoming issue of the journal Zoo Biology. The results are based on a yearlong study of 11 generations of houseflies. The study is th...

Prions rapidly 'remodel' good protein into bad, Brown study shows

...-shifting is advantageous, allowing cells to avoid stress by rapidly adjusting to a new environment. "Our studies provide some insight into how the appearance of a misfolded protein ?a rare event ?can lead to devastating neurological diseases," said Serio. "Just a small amount of prion-state protein can ra...

Human cerebellum and cortex age in very different ways

...his region of the brain experiences less oxidative stress and damage as part of normal aging." "Much remains to be learned about how the brain ages and how changes in gene expression over time are related to brain activity," says Michael B. Eisen, assistant professor of molecular and cell biology at UC Ber...

Researchers learn how blood vessel cells cope with their pressure-packed job

...e human aorta are expected to react similarly. The stress fibers were made of actin, a fibrous protein that ...ir ability to make an internal "cytoskeleton." The stress fibers of endothelial cells in arteries are aligned parallel to the long axis of blood vessels, and ...

New factor implicated in allergy and asthma attacks

...There has been a lot of discussion about oxidative stress exacerbating asthma and allergies, but this is the first direct evidence that oxidative stress is required to induce a robust inflammation, and the first demonstration that a source of that stres...

Restaurant seafood prices since 1850s help plot marine harvests through history

...nd gloom" and depleted fishing areas, he says. "We stress an understanding of the forces behind the changes." With respect to the North Sea, for example, researchers at the conference will show: * How large harvests of the ling fish prior to 1914 allowed cod to dominate the North Sea, causing ecologis...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...ect influence of such factors as smoking, alcohol, stress and unhealthy lifestyle. Have there been or will there be any inherited or reproductive effects? Because of the relatively low doses to residents of contaminated territories, no evidence or likelihood of decreased fertility has been seen among male...

Retinal scans eyed for New Mexico show cattle

..., inconvenience and loss of privacy. But experts stress the importance of controlling cattle diseases before they get out of hand, said Clay Mathis, a livestock specialist with NMSU's Cooperative Extension Service. Even though the new system will cost producers more money, it will eventually mean the full...

Research Permits First-Ever Visualization of Psychological Stress in the Human Brain

..., visualized the effects of everyday psychological stress in a healthy human brain. Their work, performed a..., provides a neuro-imaging marker of psychological stress -- which will pave the way for the development of improved strategies for preventing or correcting t...

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