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Tag: "strain" at biology news

First-time analysis reveals millions of Europeans left at risk from influenza

...andemic and to reduce the likelihood of a pandemic strain developing in the first place. "This analysis confirms around half a million people are dying unnecessarily from influenza each year and many more are needlessly put at risk. Increasing vaccination rates in Europe would accomplish two important ta...

HIV exploits competition among T-cells

...ultiple strains that will evolve by injecting each strain simultaneously so that they drain to different lym...n as a winner. Instead, a separate winner for each strain is picked in each affected lymph node before immunodominance can come into play. "In our simulatio...

Stanford discovery may help predict when toxoplasma can be deadly

...le: More aggressive therapy may be warranted if a strain that contains the proteins that increase virulenc... and host can have dire consequences. "If a given strain gets into the 'wrong' host, the result is a system out of kilter and extreme disease. It's the bull...

High HPV concentrations combined with smoking significantly raise risks of cervical cancer

...rations (known as viral load) of HPV-16, the viral strain most associated with cervical cancer. The researchers found that a combination of high viral loads and smoking during the time they were initially examined resulted in very high risk of later cervical cancer. "We were surprised to see this dramatic...

Exposure to dioxins influences male reproductive system, study of Vietnam veterans concludes

...d by an enlargement of the prostate. Patients must strain to pass urine and they also must urinate frequently. BPH can lead to complications such as an inability to urinate and urinary tract infection. Surgery is sometimes needed. Dr. Claus Roehrborn, professor and chairman of urology at UT Southwestern ...

Research holds promise for herpes vaccine

...being exposed to a particularly lethal "wild-type" strain of the virus. In contrast, a second group of mice that received a more conventional vaccine died within six days of being exposed to the same "wild-type" strain. "We have a clear roadmap for producing an effective live vaccine against genital her...

Scientists find mutations that let bird flu adapt to humans

...ut the changes that have occurred in the worrisome strain of avian influenza virus known as H5N1, a strain some fear could be the organism that will trigger a pandemic of virulent human influenza. The avian ...

Geneticists discover genes that make fruit fly hybrids sterile

...ith each other in the engineered D. melanogaster strain even though the Lhr and Hmr genes interfere with each other in hybrids. "This tells us there must be other things involved in the hybrid" that impacts the incompatible pairing of these genes, said Barbash. In future work the researchers hope to det...

Plant-derived molecules, genetic manipulation point to future chemoprevention methods

... prevent lung tumors induced by vinyl carbamate in strain A/J mice New synthetic drugs called triterpenoids which owe their origins to plant molecules have demonstrated their effectiveness in slowing the growth of lung cancer tumors, a research team from Dartmouth University has found. Following up o...

Technology exists to keep E. coli out of food

...s vegetables, destroying bacteria like the E. coli strain responsible for the spinach/green onion outbreaks. This system could be used from the farm to the retail market—for irrigation in fields, washing in processing plants and misting in grocery stores. "The results we're seeing are phenomenal. It's ...

Lab-on-a-chip could speed up treatment of drug-resistant pneumonia

...hhead said. But reliably identifying the bacterial strain that's causing the infection traditionally requires growing the bugs in culture first, a procedure that can take two to three days. Meanwhile, doctors often have no other option than to start stopgap treatments with broad-spectrum antibiotics. The...

From a lowly yeast, researchers divine a clue to human disease

...row and Eric Steinmetz, compared normal yeast to a strain with a mutated form of Sen1 that does not see the stop signal. "The Sen1 mutant reads right through the stop sign and keeps going," Brow says. Without a properly functional Sen1, RNA polymerase II "reads through" the end of the gene and builds lon...

Study illuminates how the plague bacteria causes disease

...s remain about the possibility that an untreatable strain might arise or that the bacteria might come into u...aining genes that can be passed from one bacterial strain to another and that may confer an evolutionary advantage, such as antibiotic resistance. In the ca...

Engineered yeast speeds ethanol production

...east genome, the researchers have engineered a new strain of yeast that can tolerate elevated levels of both...t an improved ethanol tolerance. As a result, that strain of yeast was able to survive high ethanol concentrations. In addition, this altered strain produc...

Researchers develop technologies to devour food pathogens

...orted due to spinach contamination with a virulent strain of E. coli. "What is happening is unacceptable," Linton said. Bhunia's technology is further described in an article published this summer in the Journal of Biomedical Optics. Linton and Morgan have been working with chlorine dioxide for years, a...

Study shows antibiotic-resistant bacteria responsible for increase in muscle infections

...study. The authors also discovered that a specific strain of Staphylococcus aureus known as USA300 was associated with more severe disease. Similarly, staph that carried a group of genes known as PVL were also linked to a more severe illness. "We're seeing an increasing number of muscle infections that is...

Robotic whiskers can sense three-dimensional environment

...lex shape. As the whiskers move across the object, strain gauges sense the bending of the whiskers and thus determine the location of different points on the head. A computer program then "connects the dots" to create a three-dimensional representation of the object. The researchers also showed that a sl...

'Failed' experiment yields a biocontrol agent that doesn't trigger antibiotic resistance

...asmid survived." The next step was to engineer a strain of bacteria that could suppress over-replication of the key plasmid. This so-called "Trojan horse" could then be used to spread the killer plasmid via conjugation to targeted bacterial pathogens that lacked the ability to resist over-replication. ...

Hair-growth drug artificially lowers PSA levels in prostate cancer screening, study finds

...dministration for this use. Patients with BPH must strain to pass urine and feel the urge to urinate frequently. BPH can lead to the inability to urinate and urinary tract infection. In 1997 the FDA approved finasteride for the treatment of male-pattern baldness. While Propecia is administered at 1 milli...

'Protecting virus' offers instant flu protection and converts flu infections into their own vaccines

... is continually changing. Vaccination against one strain of flu, for instance H3N2, is totally ineffective ...This is especially problematic when a new pandemic strain emerges, as all existing vaccines are likely to be totally ineffective. Professor Dimmock has spen...

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