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Tag: "stops" at biology news

Molecular 'on/off switch' controls immune defenses against viruses

...hat spur production of interferon, a molecule that stops viral replication. The researchers also found that the virus launches a counterattack on RIG-I, producing a protein called a protease to disrupt the signaling process, preventing interferon production and allowing viral replication. Just how RIG-...

Why we could all do with a siesta

...lt to sleep when hungry. "Now we know how glucose stops orexin neurons 'firing', we have a better understanding of what may occur in disorders of sleep and body weight. "This research perhaps sheds light on why our European friends are so fond of their siestas." ...

Clot-busting drug helps revive cardiac arrest patients

...lood clot in the lungs, or other causes. The heart stops beating and the brain starts to suffer permanent damage within four to six minutes. Death quickly follows. The standard treatment for cardiac arrest is Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) measures, which include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)...

Important gene controlling tree growth and development found

...instance, an aspen tree from the middle of Germany stops growing and sets buds when the days get shorter th...ompare this with a tree from northern Sweden which stops growing and prepares for winter already when the days get shorter than 21 hours long. Trees from nor...

Just like us, social stress prompts hamsters to overeat, gain weight

...ouse or a rat under stress and what does it do? It stops eating. Humans should be so lucky. When people suffer nontraumatic stress they often head for the refrigerator, producing unhealthy extra pounds. When Syrian hamsters, which are normally solitary, are placed in a group-living situation, they also ga...

Trials for new drug to overcome HIV

...protein, and is then assembled into a cone. PA-457 stops it being clipped off, causing it to form a leaky sphere that leaves the core RNA exposed (see Diagram, left). This cripples the virus, preventing it from infecting any other cells once it buds out from the host. Previous lab experiments on infected ...

New bird flu drug promises to beat the problem of resistance

... way and inhibits the action of the enzyme. This stops the virus from spreading to new cells and helps to...idase to carry out its natural job. This process stops the neuraminidase enzyme in its tracks, and makes it impossible for the virus to develop resistance ...

When it comes to gene transcription, random pauses aren’t quite so random, study finds

...hat RNAP enzymes routinely make thousands of brief stops ("ubiquitous pauses") when carrying out the vital ...r having paused." Why does RNAP make these fitful stops and starts? "No one really knows what all these ubiquitous pauses are doing nor what really causes p...

Natural vitamin E tocotrienol reaches blood at protective levels

...e: They rapidly accumulate when a clot in a vessel stops blood flow to the brain, and play a role in irreversible brain injury. To observe the TCT's effectiveness, rodent neural cells were pretreated with extremely low concentrations of TCT; these cells avoided the cell death associated with toxicity ca...

Spinal cord bridge bypasses injury to restore mobility

...e form of a scar to prevent further injury, but it stops all neural traffic from moving forward. Researchers from Case Western Reserve University, Drexel University and the University of Arkansas bypassed this roadblock in the spinal cord. First, the researchers regenerated the severed nerve fibers, a...

Scientists stop autoimmune disease without shutting off immune system

...esion or "stickiness" between skin cells. Thus, it stops the disease without affecting the immune system. "There are a number of companies developing inhibitors of the p38 enzyme for treating rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis," Rubenstein said. "Our study suggests that those same drugs might be valuable...

It's not fair! We are programmed to resist weight loss

...weight loss from exercise and calorie restrictions stops at a certain point. He conducted two studies on weight loss following induced energy deficits in two different groups of overweight and obese people. "The "plateau effect" has been known about for some time and weight management consultants recom...

ANU scientists crack DNA replication mystery

...to the last part of DNA to be copied in a way that stops the replisome when it faces in one direction, but ...m finally solved the important question of how TUS stops the replisome in this directional manner. "When the replisome comes along from one direction, separa...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

...e genes in the pathway activated in boundary cells stops the cells from leaving the tumor. Cagan's laboratory also has developed a robotic system for screening anticancer drugs, and they plan to use this system to look for drugs that will affect the metastatic process in their fruit fly model. "A drug th...

UCLA scientists uncover mechanism of response to targeted therapy

...h other therapies because it "in kidney cancer, it stops the tumor cells from growing, it doesn't kill them." It could be paired with conventional chemotherapy or with another targeted therapy, such as an angiogenesis inhibitor, which cuts off the independent blood supply that cancers need to grow and flou...

Horseshoe crab decline threatens shorebird species

...rd. And each year from April to June, the red knot stops over in the Delaware Bay to feed on horseshoe crab eggs resulting from the largest spawning of horseshoe crabs found on the East Coast of the United States. Researchers from Virginia Tech and the New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife have docume...

Researchers reverse juvenile diabetes in animal model

...ks the beta cells, but the result is that the body stops producing insulin. When that happens, glucose builds up in the blood, but the body's cells starve to death. "We are very excited to begin the clinical trials and see if this process will work in patients with type 1 diabetes," said Dr. Trucco. "A ty...

Infection 'alarm' yields clues to immune system behavior

...mune response, a localized reaction which normally stops an infection threat confined to a small part of the body, such as in the case of a pricked finger. (This is in contrast to a systemic response that triggers an immune reaction throughout the body, causing a fever. If the immune system responds too ag...

Plants have a double line of defence

...esistance. Although, in nature, nonhost resistance stops almost all parasite attacks, it has been the subject of little research. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research in Cologne, working with Volker Lipka, Jan Dittgen, and Paul Schulze-Lefert, and in co-operation with colle...

Living anti-HIV gel shows early promise

...nt in the body to make them produce a protein that stops the HIV virus from infecting cells. They say that allowing these bacteria to colonise the internal body surfaces where HIV transmission can occur through sexual activity, could offer cost-effective, efficient and long-lasting protection against the ...

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