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Tag: "stops" at biology news

Now, self-healing materials can mimic human skin, healing again and again

...yst.” In the current system, the healing process stops after seven healing cycles. This limitation might be overcome by implementing a new microvascular design based on dual networks, the researchers suggest. The improved design would allow new healing chemistries – such as two-part epoxies – to be explo...

In nature, proteins sweep up nanoparticles

...h pickup at the nanoscale. Regardless, the process stops the spread of metal nanoparticles in natural environments, which is reason enough to explore it further. “If we understand what causes nanoparticles to aggregate, we have the potential to control their mobility in the subsurface by adding constitu...

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

...idia are from each other." C. botulinum toxin stops nerves from working — the basis of its use in medicine to control tremors and in cosmetic treatments. For the prey of its opportunistic attacks, death is swift. Perhaps the most important tool it has to act out its stealth attacks is its ability to h...

Focused ultrasound relieves fibroid symptoms in women

... surrounding tissue. "This treatment immediately stops blood flow in the treated fibroid tissue, which results in a significant, sustained decrease in symptoms for up to 12 months," said the study’s lead author, Fiona M. Fennessy, M.D., Ph.D., assistant professor of radiology at Harvard Medical School an...

New compound prevents alcoholic behavior, relapse in animals by blocking stress response

... during the brain’s response to stress effectively stops excessive drinking and prevents relapse. The new, synthetic compound, known as MTIP, also muted the anxiety that typically develops in rats experiencing the equivalent of a hangover. Such stress is linked with higher levels of a brain chemical call...

Male reindeer inflate a large air sac in the neck region to emit their hoarse rutting calls

...o–three years, at which point the female's air sac stops growing, whilst the male's continues to develop. The authors of the research paper further explain that the rutting calls appear to be understood by rival males as an indicator of the caller's fighting ability. By contrast to male red deer, who...

Racing neurons control whether we stop or go

...n," Schall said. "If it is successful, the subject stops his or her planned movement. If it is unsuccessful, the subject goes ahead. In individuals with impulse control problems, ‘stop?more often loses the race." The findings are some of the first to bridge cognitive research and neurophysiology—making ...

Notorious cancer gene may work by destroying messenger

...in chops up and destroys the mRNA, which instantly stops production of that protein. Cells use that mechanism to control the production of proteins such as growth factors, which activate genes in response to a hormone or other signal. PMR1 also plays a key role in Cooley's anemia, which causes the ...

Cracking open the black box of autoimmune disease

...affects the behavior of cells. In fact, when Foxp3 stops functioning, the body can no longer produce working regulatory T cells. When this happens, the frontline T cells damage multiple organs and cause symptoms of type 1 diabetes and Crohn's disease. However, until now, scientists have barely understood h...

Multiple malaria infection inhibits spread of parasite

... is prevalent, can develop a natural immunity that stops the development of the parasite in the mosquito. This prevents the parasite from spreading further. The presence of this immunity, the so-called transmission-reducing activity, is determined using a laboratory test. Van der Kolk discovered that peopl...

Molecular motors and brakes work together in cells

...the end of mother microtubule. At the tail end, it stops moving and that defines the region of overlap. Our work shows that the cell can make microtubule structures of defined lengths stable by coordinating the sliding of the motors and the slowing of the brakes." If microtubule-based structures are not...

Why don't all moles progress to melanoma?

...e senescence ?a form of "suspended animation" that stops the cell cycle and keeps cells from dividing, but doesn't kill them. "The cells are held in check ?they don't die, but they don't proliferate either," Soengas explains. "In the case of moles, melanocytes can stay this way for 20 to 40 years or even...

Two nerve cells in direct contact

...hich receives information via several intermediate stops from the other half of the brain and which inhibits the H2 cell on the same side with chemical synapses. Both connections were in principle suitable for achieving the effect described; however the question remained: which of the two is the crucial on...

Natural protein stops deadly human brain cancer in mice

... to lose their stem cell properties, which in turn stops their ability to divide. First they pretreated human glioblastoma cells with bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4), then injected these treated cells into mouse brains. In mice injected with cells that were not pretreated, large, invasive cancers grew....

Studies find general mechanism of cellular aging

...insulin production and secretion. Because p16INK4a stops cancer cells from dividing and demonstrates increased expression with age, the scientists suspected the gene played a similar role in aging. The researchers developed strains of mice that were either deficient in p16INK4a (the gene was deleted, or 'k...

Study highlights new and cheaper way to treat heroin addiction

...engage young people in a treatment programme which stops them from injecting drugs and running the risk of infection," he said. "Apart from the danger of contracting AIDS, drug users run the real risk of exposure to the potentially fatal liver disease, Hepatitis C. We face an epidemic of Hepatitis C i...

Rising ocean temperatures, pollution have oysters in hot water

...eir shells, they are taking in oxygen. Oxygen flow stops when they close the shell.) The researchers also examined the effect of cadmium and temperature on the mitochondria of the oyster's cells. The mitochondria are the cell's power plant, producing energy for the oyster, including for ventilation and ...

'Trojan Horse' agent halts bone metastasis in mice

...e working through two different VEGF receptors. It stops the bone destruction needed for the cancer to grow and may inhibit blood vessel growth to the metastasized tumor, Rosenblum says. "The fact that this form of VEGF targeting works on different cell receptors in blood vessels and in bone cells is a ...

Restoring tamoxifen sensitivity in resistant breast cancer cells

...to cell division. Initially, tumor growth slows or stops altogether. With continued tamoxifen treatment, however, the estrogen receptor and the estrogen-dependent signaling pathways in the cell can become altered, rendering tamoxifen ineffective as an inhibitor. In some cases, tamoxifen begins to act like ...

A giant among minnows: Giant danio can keep growing

...eep growing even into adulthood, but the zebrafish stops growing. The giant danio can get bigger because it exhibits a type of muscle growth that is different from the zebrafish. “One of these species either lost or gained the ability to continuously grow, but most likely, the zebrafish lost it?Biga expl...

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