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Tag: "steps" at biology news

Overfishing large sharks impacts entire marine ecosystem, shrinks shellfish supply

...hat changes at one level have implications several steps removed. Through our work, the ocean is not so unfathomable, and we know better now why sharks matter." ...

Protein averts cell suicide but might contribute to cancer

... the building if one of the bases ?one of the half steps ?is missing. When the DNA replication machine encounters the gap, it stalls. If the standstill continues, the cell will self-destruct. It's at this point when Dpo4 jumps in. It adds a base opposite the gap and then leaves, allowing the DNA-making...

Meeting the ethanol challenge: Scientists use supercomputer to target cellulose bottleneck

...sing "virtual molecules," they have discovered key steps in the intricate dance in which the enzyme acts as...d the simulations to run for some six million time steps over 12 nanoseconds (a nanosecond is one billionth of a second) in order to capture enough of the mo...

Stem cell transplants explored at Stanford as a possible treatment for hearing loss

... loss. Currently he's working on perfecting the steps toward eventual stem cell transplantation into humans, with the goal of first curing deafness in mice within the next five years. His lab is also busy studying the ability of birds to regenerate the tiny hair cells in the cochlea. It's these cell...

Cheaper, better disease treatments expected from faster approach to developing antibodies

...d grew large numbers of them to begin refining the steps needed for mass-scale production of promising therapeutic antibodies. ...

Gene therapy for blindness clears hurdle in mice

...o restore vision in this model or not." If both steps are perfected, scientists plan to study the treatment in a larger animal model and then possibly move to a human clinical trial....

White blood cells in lung produce histamine seen in allergies

...d with asthma-like airway contraction." The next steps for Caughey and his research team are to investigate "how general this result might be. Does only one type of bacteria cause the effect, or do others, also? Is it limited to rodents, or does it carry forward to humans? And if it does, is the amount o...

New biofuels process promises to meet all US transportation needs

...chers suggest in the paper the chemical processing steps needed to make the new approach practical. But making the concept economically competitive with gasoline and diesel fuel would require research in two areas: finding ways to produce cheap hydrogen from carbon-free sources and developing a new type of...

Scientists discover how body fights to control spread of cancer

...r cells to the blood vessel wall is one of the key steps in the spread of cancer. It has been known for a few years that galectin-3 concentration is significantly higher in the blood of cancer patients than in healthy people but until now scientists did not know whether this increase played any role in the...

Bacteria control how infectious they become, study finds

...tic information inside a cell and one of the first steps of gene expression. “Making RfaH work only at specific sites is, in a sense, a genius way to prevent it from interfering with NusG,?Artsimovitch said. “It seems that the only genes that RfaH can't regulate are those controlled by NusG.? Bacteria...

When your brain talks, your muscles don't always listen

...ch muscle fibers as we age." However, there are steps we can take to preserve this critical motor capacity, according to Knight. "After power training with weights, we see an increase in firing rates," Knight said. "For safety, we're commonly advised to do things slowly when exercising, but it's impo...

Sandia researchers take new approach to studying how cells respond to pathogens

...a pathogen invades a body. Understanding the early steps could lead to better ways to diagnose and stop disease before there are symptoms and development of more effective therapeutics. Most existing research into how immune cells respond has been done by looking at large cell populations. The Sandia re...

Genome sequencing reveals key to viable ethanol production

...han traditional methods. Instead of using separate steps to break down biomass into glucose and ferment the glucose into ethanol, as is currently done, Wu is working on a way to make a bacterium break down and ferment plant biomass efficiently in just one step. Wu investigated C. thermocellum, which is a...

In Iran, cheetahs collared for the first time

...s they travel between reserves is one of the first steps in establishing a plan to secure and connect the few remaining populations of this incredible animal." Once ranging from the Red Sea to India, the Asiatic cheetah today is hanging on by only the thinnest of threads. In the 1970s, estimates of the ...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

...efore" and dangerous "after" hIAPP structures, the steps in between remain somewhat of a mystery and may hold clues to what drives the transition, says UW-Madison chemistry professor Martin Zanni, who led the new study. In trying to understand diabetes, "people have been looking at the fibers, but they ...

DNA-damage test could aid drug development

...smetic products goes into effect in 2009." Next steps in the research, which may be carried out by industry partners, will be to test the assay in rats and other organisms, and with a wide variety of other toxic chemicals. "This research is the first stage in a new type of clinical drug toxicity test...

Mule deer moms rescue other fawns

...its to assess whether a fawn is her own before she steps in to defend it. As a result, whitetail fawns suffer considerably more predation during the first months of life than do mule deer fawns." Mule deer may have developed a more effective aggressive defence because they rely on fighting to protect th...

For many insects, winter survival is in the genes

...sects survive through the winter. "There may be steps we can take to disrupt the diapause process and make an insect vulnerable to low temperatures," Denlinger said. "At this point, the findings broaden our palette of players that contribute to cold tolerance in insects." He said the next step is to ...

Want to save polar bears? Follow the ice

...on the initial direction of the project. Following steps will include synthesizing available and subsequent data into the GIS platform, which can then be used to generate the trends and recommended conservation actions. Findings will be presented in a peer-reviewed journal, future international conferences...

Helping chlorine-eating bacteria clean up toxic waste

...tion is the same for PCE and TCE, and if not, what steps they have in common. It will be an "iterative process," Richardson said. If a model shows that changing a particular condition produces a particular result, the lab will try it out and see if the result matches the model. Eventually, Richardson sa...

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