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Tag: "stages" at biology news

'Jumping genes' contribute to the uniqueness of individual brains

...adult brain but appear to happen also during early stages of the development of nerve cells. The Salk team found insertions only in neuronal precursor cells that had already made their initial commitment to becoming a neuron. Other cell types found in the brain, such as oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, were...

Frog peptides block HIV in lab study

...cts report vivid dreams, indicating that the later stages of sleep can be associated with conscious experience, Tononi says. But why does consciousness fade during deep sleep early in the night? "You cannot say that consciousness fades because the brain shuts off. That's not the case. Scientists have long ...

Deep sleep short-circuits brain's grid of connectivity

...cts report vivid dreams, indicating that the later stages of sleep can be associated with conscious experience, Tononi says. But why does consciousness fade during deep sleep early in the night? "You cannot say that consciousness fades because the brain shuts off. That's not the case. Scientists have long ...

Identification of specific genes predicts which patients will respond to Hepatitis C treatment

... sensitive genetic changes associated with various stages of disease, and hopefully identify the most suitable candidates for specific therapies. "We went into this experiment without any hypothesis about what to look for," said Aled Edwards, a Professor in the Banting and Best Department of Medical Resear...

Anthrax inhibitors identified by Burnham team

...Ciprofloxacin can provide a complete cure. At late stages in the disease, antibiotics can kill the anthrax bacteria, but do not affect LF secreted by the bacteria, which is sufficiently concentrated in the bloodstream. LF enters cells and inactivates a human protein called "mitogen-activated protein kinase"...

Scientists find microRNAs regulate plant development

...ll expansion in specific plant tissues at specific stages during the plant life cycle - e.g. for leaves, roots, and floral organs to develop in the correct patterns and correct time sequence. Research reported in The Plant Cell shows that microRNAs control the accumulation of transcription factor proteins t...

New tool reveals secrets of migrating cells

...servations of chemically fixed tissue at different stages of development. "Two-photon imaging is going to change literally forever the way that we do biological science," said Witt, a developmental immunologist. "In the past, we'd take organs out, smush them up and basically do biochemistry in test tubes, ...

Evolution of taste receptor may have shaped human sensitivity to toxic compounds

...eptor gene have been strongly favored in the early stages of human evolution. Employing additional gene sequence analyses, the authors estimated that the favorably selected versions of the receptor gene arose prior to the expansion of humans out of Africa. The researchers went on to show experimentally tha...

Genetic links could unlock clues to leading cause of blindness

...and humans could unlock secrets about the earliest stages of the disease, when severe vision loss could still be stopped. The researchers pinpointed a chromosome region and genetic markers for macular degeneration in humans and rhesus monkeys, findings recently published in the online edition of the journa...

Using nanoparticles, in vivo gene therapy activates brain stem cells

...since they have bypassed some of the developmental stages cells normally go through. "What we did here instead was to reactivate adult stem cells located on the floor of brain ventricles, germinal cells that normally produce progeny that then die if they are not used," said Michal K. Stachowiak, Ph.D., co-...

Study finds adult stem cells can replicate

...ham's lab and other groups had linked the earliest stages of inflammation in the animal models to neutrophil...al models of inflammation let scientists watch all stages of the inflammatory process and allowed them to see how important neutrophils are to the early stage...

Enzyme's newly discovered role may make it target for arthritis treatment

...ham's lab and other groups had linked the earliest stages of inflammation in the animal models to neutrophil...al models of inflammation let scientists watch all stages of the inflammatory process and allowed them to see how important neutrophils are to the early stage...

Stem cell treatment improves mobility after spinal cord injury

...spinal cord damage in humans during the very early stages of the injury. The study appears in the May 11 issue of The Journal of Neuroscience. "We're very excited with these results. They underscore the great potential that stem cells have for treating human disease and injury," Keirstead said. "This study...

Malaria mechanism revealed

...rily Plasmodium falciparum). Following the initial stages of infection, merozoite-stage parasites ("merozoites") invade red blood cells, leading to clinical symptoms and in many cases, death. "Niraj Tolia [the first author of the study] had malaria when he was young. So when he joined my lab as a graduate ...

Team Invents Device For Weighing Individual Molecules

...rtain types of proteins secreted in the very early stages of cancer," Roukes says. "The fundamental problem with identifying these proteins is that one must sort through millions of molecules to make the measurement. You need to be able to pick out the 'needle' from the 'haystack,' and that's hard to do, a...

Ebola virus: from wildlife to dogs

...fied, investigations are under way to identify the stages which, starting from this reservoir, lead to the emergence of human epidemics. Knowledge of the reservoir animal and of the virus's natural cycle should assist in devising suitable prevention strategies against Ebola epidemics. ### Marie Guillaume ...

Gov't Creates Gene Database of Normal Human Tissues

...re taken from a variety of patients with different stages of cancer, the database kicked out a list of 19 genes that were consistently overexpressed compared to normal brain tissue. "All of these genes are involved in one way or another with the kinds of activities associated with the development of cancer...

Researchers find gene that may be at root of potato blight

...able to determine what happens during the earliest stages of late blight infection. "This study is a big step forward in late blight research," Kamoun said. "Current strategies for managing late blight in potato and tomato crops are unsustainable and costly. In the United States and other developed countri...

Characterizing Skin Cancer by Microarrays

...identified over 2,000 genes that distinguished the stages of melanoma progression. The authors say that their results will provide a basis for developing new molecular diagnostic techniques and, eventually, targeted therapies for patients with skin cancer. PNAS is the multi-disciplinary, peer-reviewed jou...

Stanford gut check shows diversity of intestinal ecosystem

... School of Medicine who have embarked on the early stages of exploring the intestinal ecosystem. Using molecular techniques that detect all known types of microbes and borrowing statistical techniques from field ecology and population genetics, Paul Eckburg, MD, a postdoctoral scholar in infectious disease...

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