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Tag: "stabilize" at biology news

Brain-mapping technique aids understanding of sleep, wakefulness

...ons producing orexin keep you awake, and they also stabilize wakefulness," Dr. Yanagisawa said. "In order to fall sleep, you somehow must inhibit these orexin neurons. It appears that sleep-active neurons in a specific region of the brain are doing just that, keeping the animals asleep." The researchers also ...

Infants With Rare Genetic Disease Saved by Cord Blood Stem Cells

... Children transplanted after onset of symptoms do stabilize but exhibit minimal neurologic improvement, said Maria Luisa Escolar, MD, of UNC-CH, whose team assessed the neurological, cognitive and physical development of each child with Krabbe Disease before and after transplant. Escolar is lead author of th...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...quence but on whether these proteins are around to stabilize them." Han and his Scripps Research colleagues collaborated with researchers at the Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research in Basel, Switzerland, and at the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology in Hong Kong, China for this study. S...

Of mice and men's (and women's) contraceptives

...e nucleus into the cytoplasm. There, MSY2 proteins stabilize the mRNAs, which are used to make new proteins. Many of these proteins are critical for the production of normal sperm and also are unique to germ cells. "When trying to develop a new contraceptive, it's hard because we need to identify a target tha...

Conserved amino acids play both structural and mechanistic roles in sandwich-like protein

...amino acids in sandwich-like proteins are there to stabilize the structure or to speed up the protein-folding p... protein-folding reaction, or are they selected to stabilize the final protein structure? In our paper, we unravel an unprecedented answer to this question." Wi...

Infants with Rare Genetic Disease Saved By Cord Blood Stem Cells

... Children transplanted after onset of symptoms do stabilize but exhibit minimal neurologic improvement, said Maria Luisa Escolar, MD, of UNC-CH, whose team assessed the neurological, cognitive and physical development of each child with Krabbe Disease before and after transplant. Escolar is lead author of th...

Bobbing birds do it for a reason

...y vision in birds; many animals, including humans, stabilize visual fields only transiently, through the use of eye movements alone, and accept quite a lot of so-called "visual flow" when in motion. In new work addressing this question, Thomas Cronin and Matthew Kinloch at the University of Maryland, Baltimor...

Stem cell treatment improves mobility after spinal cord injury

...reatments are given during the acute phase to help stabilize the injury site, but they provide only a very mild benefit, and they do not foster regeneration of insulation tissue. For the study, the UCI team used a novel technique they created to entice human embryonic stem cells to differentiate into early-st...

Weight control protein may yield antiobesity drugs

...any species, including humans, the hormone acts to stabilize weight and glucose balance through activating its receptors in the hypothalamus. Earlier work by Rui's group found that SH2-B binds to a second protein, JAK2, to promote leptin signaling in cultured cells. Further work then identified a physiologica...

Membrane research opens window to benefits for plants, humans

...a diuretic drug. By the same token, compounds that stabilize the closed structure could be used in cancer treatment." Tajkhorshid and Yi Wang, a biophysics graduate student at Illinois, conducted the molecular simulations using VMD and NAMD software developed in their Beckman lab, which is an NIH (National In...

Scientists map one of biology's critical light-sensing structures

... are known. The group speculates the knot may help stabilize the protein so it can do its job of capturing light and triggering the cascade of downstream events under its control. "We think that without the knot, the protein conformational changes (prompted by light) would be too floppy to be efficiently chan...

Bioengineers create stable networks of blood vessels

...ve created an implantable system that can form and stabilize a functional network of fine blood vessels critical for supporting tissues in the body, according to a report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. For body tissue to survive it must receive oxygen delivered through the finest of ...

Tumor cells that border normal tissue are told to leave

...rface proteins that attach them to other cells and stabilize their position within tissues. The study demonstrated that it was the difference in Src activity that led to the change in the attachment proteins. When a high Src cell (tumor cell) was next to a low Src cell (normal cell) the attachment proteins cha...

Genes affecting blood pressure change as children become adults

... period of time to see whether the genetic effects stabilize or, after another three or four years, there is another large jump in new genetic effect," he says. Despite conventional thinking, this scientist who focuses on genetics, was not totally surprised to see the novel genes show up during puberty ?althou...

Protein found to control tumor growth in certain breast cancers

...f new therapeutic approaches with the potential to stabilize or even eradicate hormone-sensitive tumors." ...

Genetic tug of war determines sexual differentiation

...nt. The researchers found that not only does Fgf9 stabilize the expression of Sox9 and secure the male fate of the gonad, it suppresses the activity of the ovary-promoting gene Wnt4, which has the ability to block the testis pathway. "In XX gonads, this Sox9-Fgf9 loop is not established, so Wnt4 takes over, ...

Cougar predation key to ecosystem health

...d several species of water-loving plants that help stabilize stream banks, provide food-web support, and protect floodplains for use by many other animal species. "The documentation of species abundance that we have in this study is very compelling," said William Ripple, a professor in the OSU D...

Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing

...houlder that provide rotation, elevate the arm and stabilize the shoulder joint. Rotator cuff tears involve one or more of the tendons. The injuries are more common as people age and more common in the dominant arm. The true incidence of the injuries is hard to determine because between 5 percent and 40 percen...

Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis

...when they reached a new destination, so they could stabilize to populate a new tumor site. "Our findings validate that tumors are highly complex in their behavior and don't necessarily need a gene mutation to alter their behavior," said Sebastian Oltean, M.D., Ph.D., research associate and first author of the...

New clues to how sex evolves

...ope seems to serve a similar function, which is to stabilize chromosome interactions during pairing." Exactly how, Dernburg says, is still unknown. "Zinc-finger proteins evolve rapidly because they are modular, so that combinations of elements allow them to move quickly to new binding sites on DNA, making ...

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