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Tag: "spinal" at biology news

Molecular Partners Required For Appropriate Neuronal Gene Repression

...t should have the capacity to repair the brain and spinal cord but they fail to do so. Our studies have reve...irth and damage to immature cells in the brain and spinal cord, called oligodendrocyte progenitors. These precursor cells give rise to all of the mature oligo...

Building a better mouse model of lung cancer: FHIT counts

...y abnormal blood vessel growth in the eyes, brain, spinal cord, adrenal gland and other parts of the body. The scientists exposed mice deficient in both genes to a second carcinogen, DMN, which is also found in smoke but also in beer, fish meal and some preserved meats. They discovered that when the VHL ge...

Researchers identify molecular anchor that allows bacterial invasion of central nervous system

...e picture of how the bacteria invade the brain and spinal cord to produce this potentially devastating infection. Bacterial meningitis must be treated quickly and aggressively with antibiotics, since up to 25 percent of affected children may die or suffer permanent cognitive deficits, cerebral palsy, blind...

Scientists discover the molecular switch for nerve cells' insulating jelly rolls

...he brain. It is also an important component of the spinal cord, and of nerves in other parts of the body. It...eripheral nervous system (outside of the brain and spinal cord) of embryonic mice into laboratory dishes. They then added Schwann cells to the dishes. They ob...

Cyberkinetics, Case to develop system to help restore extremity function

...uals with extensive paralysis due to high cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). The joint project will combine ...ology that aims to improve the lives of those with spinal cord injuries," added Timothy R. Surgenor, President and Chief Executive Officer of Cyberkinetics. "...

MIT researcher finds neuron growth in adult brain

...ow new cells to replace ones damaged by disease or spinal cord injury, such as the one that paralyzed the la... on trying to regenerate the long axons damaged in spinal cord injuries, the new finding suggests targeting a different part of the cell: the dendrite. A dend...

Center releases new public survey on stem cells

... kit for repairing diseased hearts, mending broken spinal cords, or correcting genetic diseases, among other hoped-for benefits. Stem cells derived from very early embryos show the most promise in research to date, but the embryo is destroyed in the process of acquiring the cells themselves. This outcome ...

Penn study finds direct role for glial cells in brain cross-talk

...ntral nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, is composed of specialized cells called neurons that send out and receive chemical signals called neurotransmitters across a space called the synapse. This process results in transmission of a nerve impulse. Historically, the glial cell or astr...

Neurons generated in the adult brain learn to respond to novel stimuli

... others in the field, to repair diseased brain and spinal cord by directed development of specific neurons from precursor/stem cells. Our experiments show that new neurons can join brain circuits and function in complex ways ?contributing to learning, memory and potentially to motor function ?and that we ma...

Cells from amniotic fluid used to tissue-engineer a new trachea

...ngineered grafts to fix spina bifida (in which the spinal column doesn't close fully during fetal development) and structural cardiac defects, using similar principles. ...

Marathon of nano-sprinters

...f relatively long axons are those that connect our spinal cord with the tips of our fingers and toes. Within such an axon, microtubules provide the tracks along which molecular motors transport their cargo, such as vesicles filled with neurotransmitters. During the last decade, our knowledge about molecul...

Harnessing genomic research

Regeneration of spinal nerve cells, a new way to personalise breast cance...amme include: Nerve tissue regeneration- During spinal cord injury the nerves that transmit information between the brain and the body are injured and fail...

One small step means giant leap for spinal cord research

...ronto that stimulates the muscles of patients with spinal cord injuries helps to increase walking function i...a considerable improvement." Five patients, whose spinal cord injuries had taken place from two to 24 years prior to the study, completed two to five session...

OHSU discovery sheds light into how stem cells become brain cells

...ns for the study of Parkinson's disease, brain and spinal cord injury, and other conditions or diseases that... diseases and conditions that affect the brain and spinal cord. That is our next step." said Sherman. "Since the process only involves a single gene, it is ...

New study identifies key gene in development of connections between brain and spinal cord

...velopment of connections between the brain and the spinal cord. This research, conducted by Stanford Univer...t of the human brain and possibly the treatment of spinal cord injuries. During fetal development, genes "instruct" nerve cells on how and where to develop...

Scientists crack code for motor neuron wiring

...ulatory code that governs how motor neurons in the spinal cord connect to specific target muscles in the lim...in restoring motor neuron function in people whose spinal cords have been damaged by trauma or disease. The studies suggest that the code -- which involves me...

DNA gene vaccine protects against harmful protein of Alzheimer's disease

...rticipants developed inflammation of the brain and spinal cord. Injecting the gene, in contrast, caused no brain inflammation in the mice. Dr. Rosenberg said the difference was partly because in the human trial, the protein was injected along with a substance called an adjuvant, which increased the immune...

Breakthrough for stem cell research

... conditions such as diabetes, Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury and even breast cancer. "The new line, named 'Endeavour 1', is only the fifth human embryonic stem cell line to be produced in Australia," said UNSW Professor Bernie Tuch, Director of the DTU. "We now hope to collaborate with other res...

Master genetic switch found for chronic pain

..., like pain and the perception of movement, to the spinal cord. In two other related papers in the same issue, Silvia Arber and colleagues and Tom Jessell and colleagues examine related aspects of the biological importance underlying the Runx transcription factors. Runx1 was known to be expressed only in ...

Pittsburgh researchers discover that certain chemicals in the blood may indicate brain injury

...creased levels of certain proteins in the blood or spinal fluid may signal brain injury in infants with vomi...iness or irritability. Infants had their blood or spinal fluid drawn as part of their medical evaluation, and any leftover was frozen so that the biomarker c...

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