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Tag: "specialized" at biology news

NAU researchers chirping over discovery of new cricket genus

...are extreme environments, cave arthropods are very specialized and possibly endemic to a single cave system or region. They present interesting and odd evolutionary forms that reflect the extreme environments found in caves." Cave-dwelling invertebrates are important for conservation, because they can be rare ...

Fire ants: Their true story told by the scientist who loves them

...ples. It's a low-maintenance animal without highly specialized habits; what scientists learn can be applied to other types of ants as well. Naturally, there's no end to public interest in the exotic transplant ?albeit mostly in the form of fear and loathing. The loathing seems a little unfair, since opportunisti...

Expanding waistlines triggered by your genes

...s were very small, but the brown adipose tissue, a specialized fat depot to regulate body energy consumption, was unaffected. Importantly, the research team also discovered that adipocyte differentiation in conventional two-dimensional (2-D) cell culture is different from three-dimensional (3-D) microenvironmen...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

...n is involved in the same thing, the brain is very specialized and only a few neurons do very specific things," says Lane. The researchers hope to further understand how malonyl-CoA and CPT1c function to control body weight and appetite....

With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane

...used in the experiments. That machine is a highly specialized mass spectrometer, which analyzes the mass of smal..., and now you meet your friends, and the result is specialized function. It's an organizing principle, if you like, in an otherwise fluid environment.'' ...

Master planners in brain may coordinate other areas' roles in cognitive tasks

...rain in action can be compared to a symphony, with specialized sections required to pitch in at the right time to...ferent feedback. Different parts of the brain have specialized abilities that can contribute in various ways to completion of different tasks. They just have to be...

Three-in-one virus killer prevents common, often fatal infections

...blem," said Bollard. "Whereas by introducing these specialized T-cells, we are fixing the underlying problem. Using your own immune system is preferable to chemical agents, which can have toxic side effects." Although the CTLs must undergo further testing, the early results suggest the combination therapy to ...

Fat stem cells being studied as option for breast reconstruction

...cause of their potential to develop into different specialized cell types. Indeed, when exposed to specific conditions in the laboratory, fat-derived stem cells have been shown to differentiate into cells characteristic of those from tissues such as fat, bone, cartilage, nerve, muscle and blood vessels. Dr. ...

When nerve cells can't make contact

...acts. Nerve cells communicate with each other at specialized contact points, the synapses. When stimulated, a transmitting nerve cell emits neurotransmitters. These signal molecules reach the receiving cell and affect its activity status - provided the receiving cell has "aerials" on its synapses - receptors t...

Better sludge through metagenomics

...s of sewage annually. Many treatment plants employ specialized bacteria to remove the nutrient phosphorus, in an ... government, municipalities, and industry. He has specialized in the chemical precipitation of phosphate from wastewater and sludges, the causes and control of ac...

Fragmentation rapidly erodes Amazonian biodiversity

...ured,?said Nascimento. “Most vulnerable are trees specialized for living in the dark forest understory that need animals such as birds or bats to disperse their seeds and pollen.? Fragmentation is also changing the dynamics and structure of the forest. Tree communities in fragments are highly unstable, losin...

Researchers add to understanding of how brain cells communicate

...ommunication between cells in the brain depends on specialized molecular receptors that conduct charged particles, or ions, between the outside and inside of cells. Ions also modify how receptors work. In this paper, Johnson and Qian studied the effects of ions on receptors and found them to vary between differe...

'Killer' B cells demonstrate evolutionary link between fish and mammal immune systems

...on. Mammals have phagocytic cells, but they are a specialized few cells identified apart from the complex interactions that drive other white blood cells. Sunyer and his colleagues discovered this previously unsuspected B cell activity while examining the immune cells of rainbow trout and catfish. The researc...

Getting to the heart of the heart

...s make cardiac progenitors differentiate into more specialized heart cells. But ultimately, cardiac surgeons at Children's hope to be able to use cardiac stem cells to repair congenital heart defects such as defective heart valves, missing or undeveloped arteries, or underdeveloped heart chambers. "If you unde...

Mirrors in the mind: New studies elucidate how the brain reflects onto itself the actions of others

...ur understanding of the remarkable ability of some specialized areas of the brain to activate both in response to one's own actions and in response to sensory cues (such as sight) of the same actions perpetrated by another individual. This ability is thought to be based in the activity of so-called mirror neuron...

Uniform tungsten trimers stand and deliver

...to develop, White said. The collaborators employed specialized equipment available from the William R. Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, a DOE user facility located at PNNL, to prepare and characterize the platform as well as the clusters. Using a unique approach that changed the tungsten oxide ...

Experimental vaccine protects mice against deadly 1918 flu virus

...ratory at the CDC in Atlanta--one of four types of specialized biosafety labs where scientists study contagious and potentially deadly materials under high-level safety and contamination precautions designed to protect the researchers and prevent microorganisms from entering the environment. "Understanding wh...

Researchers create genetically matched embryonic stem cells for transplantation

...nic stem cells into MHC-matched mice, a variety of specialized tissues formed, with no rejection and no need to suppress the recipients' immune system. Daley's laboratory at Children's Hospital Boston is now trying to replicate its results with human eggs. As Daley noted, there are several potential limitati...

Two central mysteries in genome inheritance solved at UCSD

... varying number depending on the species, requires specialized protein polymers called microtubules. "After the genome is replicated, microtubule polymers build a spindle-shaped structure whose two ends collect precisely half of the duplicated genome before the cell is pinched in the middle to form two cells...

The first tree genome is published: Poplar holds promise as renewable bioenergy resource

...omass rich in cellulose that can be transformed by specialized biorefineries into fuels like ethanol. Other regions of the country might specialize in different "energy crops" suited to their particular climate and soil conditions, including such plants as switchgrass and willow. In addition, a large quantity ...

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