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Tag: "soil" at biology news

Study uncovers dirty little secret: Soil emissions are much-bigger-than-expected component of air pollution

...t, in some regions, nitrogen oxides emitted by the soil are much greater than expected and could play a su...es. The new research shows that the component from soil is about 70 percent greater than scientists expected. Instead of relying on scattered ground-based ...

Toxic flood lifts lid on common urban pollution problem

...colate through pavement and into the ground, where soil and microorganisms can help filter the contaminants. Planting vegetation and especially trees also creates aesthetically pleasing buffer zones, providing storm water flooding control and other benefits. Finally, cities can use high-tech street sweepi...

Gaining ground in the race against antibiotic resistance

...oup used a lactamase gene from the Bacillus cereus soil bacteria and tested it in the laboratory strain E. coli. The gene is very similar to lactamase genes found in disease-causing bacteria such as Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter -- common culprits in resistant, hard-to-treat hospital infections. And it i...

Digging in the dirt for life's biochemical foundations

... move several billion tons of nutrients out of the soil and into plants each year. Now, new Michigan State...tomic markers and then watched as it traveled from soil to fungus to plant roots. Many had assumed that the fungus would play a modest role. The team found...

Squeezing out dune plants

...elevated dune structures, or added to the sand and soil fertility. On Galveston Island, "the loss of such species is already occurring, where sea oats (Uniola paniculata) have disappeared due to a combination of human-induced disturbance and climate change," say the researchers. All this means faster ...

Organic farms produce same yields as conventional farms

...e water in the soil, induce less erosion, maintain soil quality and conserve more biological resources tha...ural economist James Hanson. The research compared soil fungi activity, crop yields, energy efficiency, costs, organic matter changes over time, nitrogen ac...

Study shows eutrophic lakes may not recover for a millennium

...oblems." Eutrophication occurs when nutrient-rich soil washes into lakes and streams. It stimulates the g...says. "We are releasing far more phosphorus to the soil than would be released by weathering." Restoring water quality is unlikely unless soil erosion is gr...

Plant pathologists evaluate eco-friendly alternatives to methyl bromide

...ocol called for the phase-out of methyl bromide, a soil fumigant used to control soilborne fungi, nematode...omoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), which are beneficial soil bacteria that colonize plant roots and protect against disease. "An integrated approach that utiliz...

Gene discovery sheds light on causes of rare disease, cancer

...me mechanism. The Listeria bacterium, found in soil and water, can be transmitted to humans via undercooked and unpasteurized food, causing flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal distress. For individuals with weakened immune systems, listeriosis can be fatal, and infections during pregnancy can lead t...

Hide and seek: Researchers discover a new way for infectious bacteria to enter cells

...me mechanism. The Listeria bacterium, found in soil and water, can be transmitted to humans via undercooked and unpasteurized food, causing flu-like symptoms or gastrointestinal distress. For individuals with weakened immune systems, listeriosis can be fatal, and infections during pregnancy can lead t...

Woods Hole Research Center plans controlled burn in Amazon rainforest

...ect changes in the microclimate of the forest; and soil moisture will be measured at set points in the par...g the trees, the animals, the leaf canopy, and the soil before vs. after the fire." Fires are set in the litter of the forest floor using kerosene drip tor...

Insects develop resistance to engineered crops

... plants, report Cornell University researchers. A soil bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), whose genes are inserted into crop plants, such as maize and cotton, creates these toxins that are deadly to insects but harmless to humans. Bt crops were first commercialized in 1996, and scientists, cr...

Comparison of Cocaine, Methamphetamine ‘Highs?Finds Differences

...r our feet. The bacterial communities of every day soil are intensely complex, so diverse and densely popu...ting the two strands of all the bacterial DNA in a soil sample, blending them, and measuring the time it takes for the correct halves to properly reconnect....

Using computers and DNA to count bacteria

...r our feet. The bacterial communities of every day soil are intensely complex, so diverse and densely popu...ting the two strands of all the bacterial DNA in a soil sample, blending them, and measuring the time it takes for the correct halves to properly reconnect....

FDA approves more generic AIDS drugs

...and vegetable crops after all the human, water and soil energy has already gone into producing them," Dangl said. "The hope is that we might be able to manipulate plants' immune systems to make them more resistant to pathogens using fewer expensive and polluting chemicals." A report on the findings appea...

UNC plant researchers discover proteins interact to form hair-trigger protection against invaders

...and vegetable crops after all the human, water and soil energy has already gone into producing them," Dangl said. "The hope is that we might be able to manipulate plants' immune systems to make them more resistant to pathogens using fewer expensive and polluting chemicals." A report on the findings appea...

Research on antibiotics receives historical recognition

...otics produced from actinomycetes, microbes in the soil that are related to bacteria and fungi. The culmin...ert Schatz, a graduate student of Waksman's, using soil screening methods developed by Waksman. This deliberate search for chemotherapeutic agents contrasts...

Immune system's distress signal tells bacteria when to strike back

...lives in all sorts of moist places, including damp soil and on the surface of vegetables, as well as in streams, faucets and drinking fountains. It is often a long-term bowel tenant, colonizing the intestines of about three percent of healthy people. In the bowel this germ is usually harmless, but it can...

Experiment station researchers to explore genome of disease-fighting fungus

...present to combat the pathogens that remain in the soil when you incorporate low till. In theory, it would be cost-effective for many producers. "By placing the disease-fighting fungus directly onto the seed, it would continue to protect the plant throughout the growing season and spread throughout the r...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

...nipulate cells to do what she wants. The family of soil bacteria she focuses on, the actinomycetes, produces thousands of bioactive molecules, with many more discoveries sure to come. "When new molecules are discovered to be made by species of this family, the research we do will hopefully be used to qui...

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