Tag: "sodium" at biology news

FDA Approves New Drug to Treat Type I and Type II Diabetes

...e acetate, metacresol, D-mannitol, acetic acid, or sodium acetate. Side effects associated with Symlin include but are not limited to nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache, fatigue and dizziness. Symlin has not been evaluated in the pediatric population. Symlin is manufactured by Amylin Pharmaceutic...

50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel

... world. Ion channels allow ions such as potassium, sodium and calcium to flow in and out and so are key regulators of many fundamental processes in biology. "Ions are the currency of the cellular world," explained Goldstein. "Cells collect some ions, others they discharge. Ions are stored, spent, and excha...

Some Brain Cells 'Change Channels' To Fine-tune The Message

...d by ones made of GluR2 and GluR3. After the swap, sodium can still get in, but calcium is kept out. To learn more about how this takes place, the Hopkins researchers studied brain cells from genetically engineered mice. Through their experiments, the researchers determined that the PICK1 and NSF proteins ...

Too much water may be as dangerous as too little during long-distance athletic events

...tremia, a condition marked by a loss in the body's sodium content that can result in physical symptoms such ... popular sports drinks don't always include enough sodium to offset the body's loss of the mineral during exercise. The drinks often carry more water with sma...

Bush, Cheney and Rumsfeld are now species of slime-mold beetles -- but strictly in homage

...tremia, a condition marked by a loss in the body's sodium content that can result in physical symptoms such ... popular sports drinks don't always include enough sodium to offset the body's loss of the mineral during exercise. The drinks often carry more water with sma...

New design : complete

...tremia, a condition marked by a loss in the body's sodium content that can result in physical symptoms such ... popular sports drinks don't always include enough sodium to offset the body's loss of the mineral during exercise. The drinks often carry more water with sma...

At the molecular level, the predator is the prey

...s is tsNa(V)1.4, a tube-shaped protein that allows sodium ions to flow into the cell. When nerve cells' ability to move sodium in and out is hampered, paralysis and death can result. Tetrodotoxin (TTX), a powerful paralytic poi...

Mutation in clams protects against paralytic shellfish poisoning but raises human health risk

...e mutation, which changes a single amino acid in a sodium channel, makes nerves less sensitive to those toxi..., a protein in the nerve cell membrane that allows sodium ions to pass through the membrane. Regulation of sodium is critical to nerve cell function. Without ...

Some Brain Cells Change Channels

...d by ones made of GluR2 and GluR3. After the swap, sodium can still get in, but calcium is kept out. To learn more about how this takes place, the Hopkins researchers studied brain cells from genetically engineered mice. Through their experiments, the researchers determined that the PICK1 and NSF proteins ...

Researchers make headway in mystery of migraines

...y which our brain cells communicate." By expelling sodium from the cell, and drawing potassium from outside, the sodium pump maintains a gradient of potassium, which is critical for the propagation of electrical signals ...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

...g the diagnosis of NSIAD as an explanation for low sodium levels in their pediatric patients." MEDICAL MYST...oms of fluid overload and strikingly low levels of sodium in their blood. The first child suffered from severe irritability. A few months later, the second in...

University of Nevada, Reno research team discovers hormone that causes malaria mosquito to urinate

...quito causes the mosquito to excrete fluid rich in sodium chloride, the main salt in blood. "Only DH31 causes the massive loss of sodium chloride which causes the mosquito to pee," Schooley said. "Stimulation of this process when the mo...

Gene therapy to lower blood pressure just enough

...improves the manner in which the kidney eliminates sodium or salt from the body and inhibits other systems, such as the sympathetic nervous system, believed linked to development of high blood pressure. "This makes ANP an attractive agent for use in treating blood pressure," said O'Malley. "However, its u...

Enzyme affects hypertension by controlling salt levels in body

...ls, in kidney cells that allow increased levels of sodium to be reabsorbed into the blood, researchers at UT..., which is well known to lead to the activation of sodium ion channels in kidney cells. "The kidney plays a very important role in controlling blood pressure...

Modifications render carbon nanotubes nontoxic

...chment of the chemical subgroups hydrogen sulfite, sodium sulfite and carboxylic acid. The cytotoxicity of undecorated SWNTs was 200 parts per billion, which compares to the level of 20 parts per billion identified last year for undecorated buckyballs. The modified nanotubes were non-cytotoxic. While cell...

Storing carbon to combat global warming may cause other environmental problems, study suggests

...ained. During these chemical exchanges, "you leave sodium behind, which builds up in the soil to make it saltier," he said. Jackson's former postdoctoral scientist Esteban Jobbágy, now at the Universidad Nacional de San Luis in Argentina, and Kathleen Farley of The Nature Conservancy, also investigated an...

A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns

...plasm, keeping an osmotic balance against the high sodium chloride concentration outside. That's where evolutionary strategy comes in. Analyzing the bacterium's genome, researchers found that S. ruber's proteins are typically rich in acidic amino acids and relatively poor in hydrophobic (water-repellent) ...

Sweet 'water taste' paradoxically predicts sweet taste inhibitors

...cribe how certain artificial sweeteners, including sodium saccharin and acesulfame-K, paradoxically inhibit sweet taste at high concentrations. The researchers further report that taste perception switches back to sweetness when these high concentrations are rinsed from the mouth with water, resulting in th...

Why nerve cells work faster than the theory allows

...kin-Huxley model. Their findings suggest that the sodium channels, which open in the cell membranes during ...eaches to a certain threshold value. Voltage gated sodium channels react to this voltage change by opening up and triggering an avalanche-like reaction. Posit...

Molecular mechanism may explain how fevers spark seizures

... anti-seizure medications such as phenobarbital or sodium valproate to prevent recurrent febrile seizures, but the studies showed only limited benefit to the approach, Macdonald said. "That idea has gone by the wayside, and it has not been replaced with any rational strategy for preventing or avoiding sub...

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